PROCESSED
AMOSITE ASBESTOS FIBRES • FOR FILTRATION, PLASTIC REINFORCEMENT AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL USES Amosite is a n extremely long a d d r e sistant asbestos fibre mined m South Africa. It is especially suitable for filtration a n d similar processes. A v a i l a b l e in various g r a d e s a n d degrees o f opening to meet specific requirements.
UNION ASBESTOS & R U B B E R CO.
UNARBO 1821 S. 54th AVE., CICERO, ILL.
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Radiobiological Research to Begin at Chicago T h e Argonne National Laboratory is establishing a radiobiological experimental station at its new D u Page County site, 20 miles west of Chicago. Operations will begin in about three m o n t h s , using the greenhouse facilities acquired by the Atomic Energy Commission through the purchase of the former F r e u n d estate, a part of the 3,733-acre site. At this station carbon 14 a n d other imp o r t a n t tracer isotopes will be incorporated into living organisms, b o t h plant and animal, in such a way that all of t h e constituent carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur compounds of t h e plants and animals will have a uniform specific concentration of the particular isotope. B o t h the plants and animals will be grown from infancy a n d maintained throughout a good p a r t of their lifetime in a n environment in which a predetermined fraction of the food they receive will be radioactive. Several interesting possibilities appear evident as a result of t h i s type of "isotope farm" work. T h e growing of buckwheat and t h e opium poppy, for instance, would enable the production of radioactive rutin and radioactive morphine. T h e pancreas of mammals fed alfalfa grown in carbon 14 atmosphere would yield radioactive insulin t o employ in studies of diabetes.
O T S Reports
FLORIDIN PRODUCTS F l o r i d i n p r o d u c t s Have b e e n a d a p t e d b y c o n t i n u o u s research for t h e m o s t a d v a n c e d t e c h n i c a l uses. O n a n y p r o b l e m of ad* sorption—dehydration—catalysis—decoloration, y o u m a y find a n a n s w e r i n t h e s e p r e p a r e d forms of F u l l e r s E a r t h a n d B a u x i t e based Adsorbents. Your inquiry will b e g i v e n careful a t t e n t i o n .
FLORIDIN COMPANY ADSORBENTS Dept. B. 2 2 0 LIBERTY ST., WARREN. PA.
2380
Copies of the following reports can b e obtained at the prices indicated from the Office of Technical Services, Department of Commerce, Washington 25, D. C. Orders should be accompanied by check or money order, payable to the Treasurer of the United States. Manufacturing data on 48 miscellaneous organic chemicals produced in IG F a r b e n plants are contained in report PB-80401 (mimeographed, 47 pages, $1.50). F o r mulas are given and the manufacturing process discussed for diethylamine m a d e by hydrogenating acetaldehyde in t h e presence of ammonia; diphenylolpropane made by condensing phenol with acetone using hydrochloric acid as the catalyst; ethylene diamine made by liquid phase reaction of ethylene dichloride under prèssure; acetophenone in which acetylchloride is condensed with benzene in t h e presence of water-free aluminum chloride with the elimination of hydrochloric acid; and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde-2-sulfonic acid m a d e from 4-chlorotoluene-2-sulfonic acid by a complex oxidation process. T h e prod-
CHEMICAL
u c t is isolated as manganese salt. Other p r o d u c t s described in the report are: ethanolamines, catechol, benzylsulfanilic: acid, dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, 4-chlorotoluene-2-sulfonic acid, cyanogen c h l o ride, cyanuric chloride, dibenzyl sulfide,, dibenzyl sulfoxide, 2,4-dichlorophenol, glycerol monochlorohydrin, glycerol d i chlorohydrin, isododecylphenol, b e n z y l phenol, phenyl isocyanate, polyglycerol, octadecylsuccinic anhydride, triisopropylbenzene, 2,4-dimethylphenol, ethylene· oxide, hydroxyquinoline, cyanacetamide, a n d several other related or derivative products. One flow sheet for cyanogen, chloride is included. Some of t h e products discussed were manufactured only on a pilot plant scale. An analysis of t h e causes of an o c c u p a tional lung disease called "aluminum, s t a u b l u n g e " which appeared in G e r m a n y unexpectedly during t h e w a r a t a plantmanufacturing pyrotechnic powder from, a l u m i n u m is contained in r e p o r t P B 78995 (mimeographed, 8 pages, 25 cents). T h e w a r created a heavy d e m a n d for a l u m i n u m bronze powder (pyro grade), and. most of it was produced in s t a m p mills : which before the war h a d been used in the· m a n u f a c t u r e of a l u m i n u m bronze powder for a l u m i n u m p a i n t s and lacquers. Thereport offers no definite conclusions as t o t h e causes of t h e disease b u t p o s t u l a t e s several explanations and contributing factors. D r . Heilmann, a director of t h e Germ a n firm, told Francis C. F r a r y of Alumin u m C o . of America, who prepared the r e port, t h a t t h e Stierstadt plant, before itwas destroyed b y bombing, h a d h a d low ceiling rooms (80 to 200 square meters) with 1 5 to 18 stamping machines p e r room. T h i s resulted in i n a d e q u a t e ventilation a n d high d u s t concentration. Only one case of t h e disease was reported in t h e firm's o t h e r p l a n t s , which were more spacious. P o o r h e a l t h and nutrition were also believed a c o n t r i b u t i n g factor. T w o German-developed processes, o n e for t h e manufacture of e t h y l chloride b y t h e t h e r m a l gas-phase chlorination of e t h a n e , t h e other a liquid phase process for t h e chlorination of ethane, a r e described in r e p o r t PB-86766 (photostat, $2.00; microfilm, S I . 2 5 ; 14 pages). I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e discussion, the r e p o r t contains flow diag r a m s for b o t h processes, a n d a s c h e m a t i c outline a n d 14 detail drawings of e q u i p m e n t for t h e g a s phase chlorination p l a n t . T h e fixation of atmospheric nitrogen into^ cyanamide by reacting calcium carbide with nitrogen was a large industry in wartime G e r m a n y according t o report PB-80371 (25 pages, 75 cents) on carbide and cyanamide production. I n all
AND
ENGINEERING
NEWS
cases, t h e report states, t h e G e r m a n manufacturers first isolated the nitrogen in an air separation plant and then reacted the nitrogen with t h e carbide according to the formula: calcium carbide plus nitrogen equals calcium cyanamide plus carbon. T h r e e different types of a p p a r a t u s were used. D i a g r a m s of t h e equipment a n d a discussion of equipment operation are included.
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A unique brine system used in soda ash manufacture in which the salt is dissolved underground b y water piped into caverns of a salt mine is cited as of interest in report PB-8127S (mimeographed, $1.50, 51 pages). After t h e salt is dissolved in the salt mine caverns, t h e s a t u r a t e d brine is pumped through a pipe line u p the mine shaft and t o the plant—a distance of a b o u t 8 kilometers. I n general, there was no evidence of aggressive or intensive research in t h e German soda ash industry. Plants were relatively old a n d were neither expanded nor modernized during the war years. T h e report discusses in detail brine supply a n d t r e a t m e n t in G e r m a n plants, limestone supply a n d burning, carbonation, filtration of sodium bicarbonate, distillation a n d absorption of ammonia, calcination a n d s t e a m decomposition of bicarbonate of soda, a n d power generation. Emphasizing operating practices, plant capacities, a n d technical performance, the r e p o r t contains drawings of typical equipment, a n d several tables of operating a n d cost d a t a . By-products a r e also discussed.
METHYL LAURATE P u r i t y : - M e t h y l Laurate 95% + Methyl Caprate \ 5%Methyl.Myristate J Color:—Water white Acid Value:—Less than 1 A v a i l a b l e in:—Tank cars 55 gallon drums 1 & 5 gallons cans
USES: A chemical intermediate for
reactions requiring the laurate radicle — ester type ivetting agents, heavy metal soaps, baking type cilkyd resins, lauryl alcohol.
A process for the commercial production of a satisfactory phosphatic fertilizer made by calcining rock phosphate with sodium salts a n d silica is summarized in report PB-81386 (mimeographed, 25 cents). The phosphate fertilizer is produced by reacting finely ground phosphate rock (imported from N o r t h Africa, Curacao, and Russia) with soda ash and finely ground silica sand in r o t a r y kilns a t high temperatures. T h e i m p o r t a n t phases of the process are the proportioning of t h e chemical constituents in t h e r a w mix a n d the control of a r a t h e r difficult rotary kiln operation. Pulverized coal is used for fuel. In selling t h e product t h e firm stresses t h e advantages of a phosphate which is practically insoluble in water and y e t easily available t o plant life. H e a v y rains will not wash it off t h e field, and moisture in general does not cause it to revert t o less available phosphates. T h e Kalie-Chemie firm points t o tests as showing t h a t the phosphate can b e successfully used with common nitrogenous a n d potassium-containing fertilizers. F o r complete details on the subject t h e following reports should should also be consulted: PB-18913, Kalie-Chemie Rhe- ^,nia P h o s p h a t Werke, mimeographed, 50 cents, 18 pages.
In paint removers as an
evaporation retardant to produce ci non-waxy product of superior effectiveness. In non-corrosive penetrating and rust-removing compounds. Coconut Oil I n d i v i d u a l Coconut O i l Fatty Acids G l y c e r i n e & Glycol Esters
,
E|
D o r a d o Oil Works
Dept.A 111 California Street
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c^MPANl___--— OPPRESS .
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{Continued on page 2409) V O L U M E
2 6;
NO.
32
AUGUST
9,
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2381
TECHNICAL
SERVICES CONSULTANTS, ENGINEERING SERVICES, TESTING LABORATORIES, PATENT ATTORNEYS, AND OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
L A K O R A T O U Y of VITAMIN TECHNOLOGY Noio offering
the folloiaing
services:
Vitamin "nalysis a n d Research
• P r o t e i n a n d A m i n o Acid S t u d i e s Bacteriological
Testing
• P h a r m a c o l o g i c a l a n d Toxicological Assays 1411 E . 60th S t .
Chicago 37, 111.
OTS Reports {Continued
from page 2381)
PB-34741, I n t e r r o g a t i o n of D r . Loahfert R h e n a n i a P h o s p h a t Werke, mimeo graphed, 8 pages, 25 cents. Processes for t h e production of synthetic iron oxides used b y German manufacturers are discussed i n report PB-79308 (mimeo graphed, 64 pages, $2.25). Synthetic iron oxides were produced on a large scale in G e r m a n y . A t one t i m e t h e Uerdingen p l a n t of I G F a r b e n produced 3,000 tons a m o n t h of yellow a n d black oxides as by products of t h e process for reducing nitro benzene t o aniline. T h e report describes t h e manufacture of yellow oxides b y aera t i o n of scrap iron in t h e presence of cop peras, a n d t h e preparation of synthetic oxides of iron a s by-products of t h e m a n u facture of aniline from nitrobenzene. T h e production of yellow a n d black oxides of iron m a d e b y these processes, a n d the manufacture of red oxides of iron are also discussed. Some of t h e processes used for manufacturing oxides in six other German firms are also described. Several diagrams a r e included. T h e d e m a n d for large quantities of eth ylene in G e r m a n y for use in synthetic oil manufacture resulted in t h e development of a process for t h e t h e r m a l cracking of e t h a n e , according t o report PB-86765 (photostat, $3.00; microfilm, $1.50; 27 pages). B y 1944 t h e process h a d been suc cessfully carried o u t on a pilot p l a n t scale, a n d it w a s p l a n n e d t o p u t t h e process to full use in a p l a n t a t Heydebreck for t h e production of 6 million pounds of ethylene V O L U M E
26, N O . 32
a m o n t h , b u t t h e w a r ended before the plant was completed. T h e t h e r m a l proc ess requires only a relatively simple ethylene recovery system, a n d t h e com plete absence of carbon monoxide in the thermally produced ethylene m a d e i t an ideal feed stock for t h e polymerization op eration in synthetic oil production. Each step of t h e process is described in detail, with a flow sheet, furnace diagram, graph showing t h e t i m e r a t e of ethylene absorp tion, yield tables, a n d several other perti nent graphs a n d tables.
To create n e w processes. To improve present products.
BJDRK5TEN
Β Ε 5 Ε Α
A staff of over 8 0 with 10 stories of laboratories for research and analysis including bacteriology, physical testing, market research, product develop ment and evaluation. Write for Booklet N o . 4 .
FOSTER D. SNELL INC. WAtkins 4-8800 29 West 15th S i . N e w York 11, Ν . Υ .
LABORATORY • • • •
9, 1 9 4 8
Vitamin Assays Mineral Determinations Food Bacteriology Insecticide Testing
FOOD RESEARCH LABORATORIES, INC.
T h e corrected bibliographic citations for the article "Russia's Oil Shale I n d u s t r y " by Simon Klosky, which w a s in t h e March 22 issue, appear below.
AUGUST
SERVICES
WISCONSIN ALUMNI RESEARCH FOUNDATION P. O . Box 2059 Madison 1, Wisconsin
Oil Shale References
Literature Cited (1) Abstracted by A. A. Boentiinck. (2) N . Popov, Gor. Slan., 1932, No. 5-6, 55. (3) Private communication from T . M. Stadnechenko, Geological Survey. (4) V. Molotov, Gor. Slan., 1931, No. 1,1. (5) I . Slugin, Gor. Slan., 1932, No. 3, 10. (6) K. Lutz, Gor. Slan., 1934, No. 1, 58. (7) Anonymous, Gor. Slan., 1935, No. 4, 87. (8) N . P. Khukhlovich, Gor. Slan., 1934, No. 5, 18. (9) V. Bogoyavlenskii, Gor. Slan., 1934, No. 5, 30. (10) V. A. Adamovich et al., Gor. Slan., 1935, No. 5, 28. (11) B . V. Klimov et al., Khim. Tver. Topi., 1934, No. 8, 711. (12) Β . Κ. Klimov, Russian Patent 55,852 {C.A., 34, 3055). (13) S. S. Nametkin et al., Bull. Acad. Sci. (USSR), 1944, No. 10-11, 663. (14) M. K. D'Yakova, Bull. Acad. Sci. (USSR), 1944, No. 4-5, 25S. (15) G. L. Stadnikov, Khim. Tver. Topi., 1933, No. 1,86. See also the book by this author. (16) J. G. Tolpin, Survey of Foreign Petro leum Literature, Universal Oil Prod ucts Co. (Chicago), Aug. 2 to 9, 1946, p . 28.
Chicago 1* III.
CONSULTING CHEMISTS a n d ENGINEERS
A process for the photochemical chlorination of propane t o dichloropropane a n d the subsequent dehydrochlorination of this intermediate t o allyl chloride is described in r e p o r t PB-86767 (photostat or micro film, $1.00, 10 pages). T h e report de scribes t h e process flows including t h e chlorination step, t h e dehydrochlorination step, a n d t h e equipment used. T h e r e are two flow sheets, o n e for chlorination of propane, t h e other for dehydrochlorination of dichloropropane t o allyl chloride.
"Russia's Industry*'
1^
185 N . Wabash Ave.
Founded 1922 Philip B. Hawk, Ph.D., President Bernard L. Oser, Ph.D., Director Research -+- Analyses ·+- Consultation Biological, Nutritional, Toxicological Studies for the r o o d , Drus
