N I C H O L S O N STEAM TRAPS shows
2 to 6 Times MORE Capacity
5 TYPES for Evtry
Application
Recent comparative tests by large trap users again showed the enor mous capacity of Nicholson units. Other reasons for the increasing standardization on Nicholson: op erate on lowest temperature differ ential/ record low for steam waste. 5 types: size r4* io x"; press, to 225 lbs. BULLETIN 1047.
W. H. NICHOLSON ft CO. 1 · 6 Oraton St.. W i l k t t - B m , Pa.
•COPPERS beta RESORCYLIC ACID ( 4-hydroxysalicylie acid ) This is a commercially available synthetic organic chemical of in terest for further chemical sym thesis. It is used in the production of specially dyestuffs and as an in termediate for the prep KOPPERSl aration of fine chemicals. KOPPERS COMPANY, INC. Chemical Division, Dept. v.EN-5
1318
Research Progress Liquid Oxygen
Converter
X. Nutrient Identified Vitamin Bl2.
as
A liquid oxygen converter having sig nificant advantages for use in high-alti The hitherto unidentified food material tude flight has been developed by W. A. in milk that was first reported in 1932 by Wildback and associates of the National the Bureau of Dairy Industry and called Bureau of Standards with the cooperation nutrient X because of its unknown chemiof the Bureau of Aeronautics, Department cal nature, is undoubtedly vitamin Blt of the Navy. The converter is fully auto the U. S. Department of Agriculture has matic?, requiring no electric or other source announced. It has been recently isolated of power. in crystalline form from liver extracts. Although, the advantages of supplying A number of years ago, C. A. Cary and oxygen in liquid form have long been A. M. Hartman of the Bureau of Dairy recognized, its widespread use has been Industry showed that nutrient X was esprevented by the disadvantage of continu sential for normal growth, development, ous evaporation losses during storage and reproduction, and lactation in laboratory the necessity of controlling the build-up rats. Continuing their research they of pressure to that required for operation found nutrient X present in the nonfat por(about 50 lb. per square inch for oxygen tion of milk, in cheese, commercial casein, breatliiiig regulators). The program for leafy foods and feeds, and in liver extracts, the development of liquid oxygen equip but not in the cereal grains and oil meals. ment undertaken by the National Bureau When crystalline B12 first became availof Standards resulted in the design of a able for purchase about six weeks ago, liquid oxygen converter permitting rapid Cary and Hartman began a series of ratattainment of any preassigned value of feeding tests to determine the effects of pressure. However, evaporation losses feeding B12 in place of milk and other during storage are still something of a limi known sources of nutrient X. tation, especially with small containers. The results of these tests showed that, The fact that it i s not necessary to heat the insofar as growth is concerned, Bit funcentire mass of liquid to raise the pressure tions like nutrient X. Growth deficienconstitutes an important difference be cies in the rats due to .lack of nutrient X tween this and earlier types of liquid oxy were overcome by feeding either crystal· gen converters. line B l 2 or milk, nonfat milk products, The total converter unit is 25 inches high leafy foods and feeds, liver extracts, or and 18 inches in diameter. It weighs other food materials known to contain nu60 lb. and holds 62 lb. of oxygen, enough trient X. for ΙΟ men for 10 hours. To supply this quantity of oxygen from Dan S. Coahjoin of the Natiowtal Bureau of Standgas cylinders at 1,800 lb. ards demonstrates improved liquid oxygen conpersq. in. would require 21 verter for aircraft-stored breathing oxygen tanks of 514 cu. in. each, which would weigh a total of 350 lb. empty. For flows up t o ISO liters per minute (5 cu. ft./min.), gas is delivered within 5°CL of atmospheric tem pérature. Flow rates over 10 times as great may he obtained, but at these larger flows the delivered gas i s colder. In reliability and safety the new converter compares favorably with highpressure gaseous oxygen systems. Wide variation is possible in container capacity, and i n delivery flow, temperature, and pressure specifications. Thus while designed specifically for aviation use, the device may be adapted to industrial and medical applications. C H E M I C A L
AND
ENGINEERING
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