RESEARCH RESULTS . . . immediate@ auailable All manuscripts listed here are being considered for possible publication in I&EC and I&EC quarterlies. They are available to I&EC subscribers at reproduction and handling cost, at any time prior to publication. Papers withdrawn from consideration will generally remain available for 90 days if authors approve. A Research Results Service manuscript should be treated as a personal communication. Reference to its content in any publication should have the author’s prior approval. Please use the vrinted couDon and include payment with your order.
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T o t a l R e m i t t a n c e (check, m o n e y order, c a s h ) ( P a y a b l e to American Chemical Society) Send to:
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Research Results Service, I&EC
1155 Sixteenth Sheet N.W. Washington, D. C. 20036
SUBSCRIBER’S NAME. .............................. ADDRESS .........................................
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A Boundary layer Model for Mars or Heat Transport in Multiparticle Systems a! l o w Reynolds Numbers
Production of Tetrafluoroethylene by Reaction of Carbon with Carbon Tetrafluoride in an Electric Arc
Robert Pfeffer and C. Y. Huang, th City College of t h City University of New York
Raymond F. Baddour and Barry R. Bronzn, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
An extension of Ms. 64-4 (Research Results Service, March 1964 list) wherein the “free surface model” is combined with a Von Karman integral method of solution of diffusion equation. Can be applied for any value of Peclet number.
Data from series of carbon arc runs at atmospheric pressure, varying CFq reactant feed rate, and input power levels show possibility of obtaining up to 40 mole % ’ C2Fd in quenched gas product a t high power levels. Highest conversions obtained a t high power levels with low pressure. U p to 69 mole % CzF4 obtained at 17 kw. 0.1 atm.
M s . 64-773
20pages, including SJigures, 7 table
Production of Fertilizers from Coal. Variables
82.00
A Study of the Reaction
P. N. Mukherjee, S. Banerjee, L. V. Ramchandran, and A. Lahiri Central Fuel Research Institute, Jealgora, India Optimum operating conditions for one-step process for “nitrogen-enriched coal.” Reports on bench scale using only a few grams and on work done in 3-inch fluidization column. Low rank coals most suitable.
Ms. 64-777
lgpages, including 6fgures, 8 tables
82.00
Simultaneous Absorption of H2S and COz in Aqueous Hydroxide Solutions
G . Astarita and F. Gioia, University of Naples, Italy Chemical reactions in process and shape of concentration profiles in liquid phase discussed. Theory of simultaneous absorption not applicable to system considered. Simplified procedure gives qualitative results, experimentally confirmed. M s . 64-193
73 pages, including 2fgures, 7 table
$2.00
J . E. Gerrard, F. E. Steidler, and J . K . Appeldoorn, ESSOResearch and Engineering Company Experimental data and a computed solution of viscous heating both gave increases in apparent viscosity as high as 70% and temperature rises u p to 350° F. Small radius capillaries and short L / R ratios are needed to minimize the problem. 45 pages, including ZOJigures, 3 tables
85.00
Distributionof Steady-State Concentrations in Multicomponent liquid-liquid Extraction. 1. Uranyl Nitrate-Nitric AcidTributyl Phosphate
Alexander Apelblat and Moshe Faraggi, Israel Atomic Energy Commission, Tel-Auiu Presents an approximate, simple method for digital computation of distribution in the extraction system evaluated. Competition between uranyl nitrate and nitric acid for tributyl phosphate, and influence of efficiency of each stage on extraction process were taken into account.
MS. 64-205
76 pages, including SJigures
23pages, including 7jfgures, 7 table
83.00
Amination of Cellulose Acetate Chloroacetate: Preparation and Properties of Cellulose Acetate N,N-Diethylominoacetate (CADA)
G. D . Hiatt, J . W. Mench, and B. Fulkerson, Eastman Kodak Com-
pany New acid-soluble cellulose derivative, prepared by reaction of diethylamine with cellulose acetate chloroacetate, also soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water. Physical properties permit use as acid-removable film backing material and as moisture-proof coating for medicaments which release agent in stomach.
Ms. 64-210
29pages, including Gjgures, 70 tables
$3.00
Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Metovanadate
Ralph H . Munch, Monsanto Chemical Company
+
Vlscour Heating in Capillaries: The Adiabatic Case
M s . 64-204
Ms. 64-208
82.00
Popular equation 2NH4VOa 2NH.3 V2Os and some previously reported formulas for intermediate reaction products were found incorrect. Decomposition proceeds through a series of at least three intermediate compounds and results in a mixture of lower oxides unless excess oxygen is present.
Ms. 64-211
10 pages, including 2 &res
The lithium Perchlorate Oxygen Candle: Source of Pure Oxygen
81.00 A Pyrochemical
Meycr M . Markowitz, Daniel A . Boryta, and Haruey Stewart, Jr., Footc Mineral Company Pressed, insensitive composition burns in linearly propagating manner to yield pure oxygen. Material composed of 84.82% LiClO,, 10.94% Mn, and 4.24% Liz02 (weight 7 0 ) . Design details presented for prototype oxygen-generating device capable of supplying one man-day of respiratory requirements. M s . 64-213
48 pages, including I 1 jgures, 13 tables
85.00
(Continued on p a g e 85) VOL 5 6
NO. a A U G U S T 1 9 6 4
a3
First centrifugals for ammonia production These four Clark barrel type centrifugal compressors are the first of their kind ever used in ammonia production. Installed in a new 600 ton per day plant, they boost synthesis gas to intermediate pressures of 2000 psi. At this point, two Clark reciprocating machines compress the gas to reaction pressures and also handle recycle service. Four additional centrifugals handle air supply and refrigeration. Ammonia plant economics change with size and capacity. Eight centrifugal and two reciprocating compressors form the right combina-
tion for this particular plant. Another plant will have different compression needs. But Clark has the right compressor to meet the needs of a n y ammonia plant. That's because we build both centrifugal and reciprocating machines. You get the best unit for each job. If you need some answers to your own ammonia compression problems, why not call your Clark representative? He will be glad to discuss them with you. CLARK BROS. c o . , OLEAN, NEW YORK@ Division
of Dresser
Industries, Inc.
I +
,wn+~*m
Dresser International S.A. General Foreign Sales Representative Dresser international S.A. Subagents' Sales Offices: London, England, Paris, France; The Hague, Holland; Milan, itaiy; Tokyo, Japan; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Mexico C i t y , Mexico; Caracas, Venezuela Dresser international S.A. Sales Representatives: Rio D e Janeiro. Brazil. Santiago, Chile; Bogota. Colombia; Talara, Peru; San Juan, Puerto Rico; Vienna, Austria; Instanbul, Turkey: Beirut, Lebanon
POWER COMPRESSION EXPANSION
RESEARCH RESULTS A laboratory Study of Hydrogen Slush
Activation of Plastic Surfaces in a Plasmaiet
Robert F. Dwyer, Gerhard A . Cook, and Donald H. Stellrecht, Linde Division of Union Carbide Corporation
Russell M . Mantell and William L. Ormand, Aerochem Research Laboratories, Inc.
Laboratory techniques described for producing (by vacuum pumping and stirring) mixtures of solid and liquid hydrogen which flow readily through tubes; for measuring solids content of the mixtures; and for producing compact crystalline masses of solid hydrogen.
A low-temperature nonequilibrium plasmajet process for activation of polymer surfaces has been developed. An oxygen stream is partially dissociated by a glow discharge, expanded through an orifice into a region of lower pressure, and impinged on the desired surface. Parameters measured for a variety of polymers include weight change, bonding characteristics and wettability.
M S 64-276
24 pages, including 8figures
83.00
Ms. 64-233 Heat Transfer from Plasmas to Water Cooled lubes: Engineering Correlations
17pages, including Gfigures, I table
82.00
Linear Solutions of Fick’s l a w
Joseph F. Skrivan and Woldemar von Jaskowsky, American Cyanamid Company
Robert B. Anderson, James Bayer, and Lawrence J . E. Hofer, Pittsburgh Coal Research Center
An empirical correlation relating Nusselt number to the significant variables was developed and can be used to predict mixedmean axial enthalpy profiles for similar systems. A Reynolds number range of 400-3500 was covered at a multitude of arc power levels.
Linear forms of diffusion equations for infinite platelets, infinite cylinders, and spheres may be applied to diffusional processes that are composites of two or more rate curves. Application to rate of adsorption of methane on coal shown. Equations can be readily translated into units suitable for exchange reactions in solids, etc.
Ms. 64-217
38pages, including 18Jgures, 7 table
84.00
M s . 64-235
20pages. tncluding Sfigures, 7 table
$2.00
Underground liquid Phase Oxidation of Coal. A Process for Recovery of Coal in the form of Organic Acids Using in sifu liquid Phase Oxidation
Some Effects of Composition on the Behavior and Industrial Applications of Surface Active Agents
George Kapo and Seymour Culvert, Case Institute of Technology
E. G. Schwarr and W. G. Reid, Union Carbide Corporation Silicones
Above-ground kinetic study reveals unexpected effects regarding internal area of coal, ionic strength, and catalysis of liquid phase oxidation. Preliminary cost estimates indicate the process economically feasible.
Division
M s . 64-218
40pages, including 7 2 f i ~ u r e s 7 , tables
MOO
Ms. 64-238
Heat Transfer in Climbing Film Flow
T. 0. Penman and R. W. F. T a d , University of Adelaide, South Australia With climbing film conditions developed, the heat transfer coefficient depends largely on vapor velocity and is independent of tube point or tube geometry. Equation presented permits calculation of coefficient in evaporators wherever conditions equivalent to climbing film flow exist. M s . 64-222
29 pages, including I5 figures
Considers how molecular composition affects fundamental properties that define surface activity, and illustrates utility in selected industrial applications. Emphasizes importance of both theoretical and empirical approach to progress of surfactant technology.
83.00
23pages, including afigures, 6 tables
$3.00
Vapor Phase Nitration of Cyclohexane Using Nitrogen Dioxide
Roberto Lee and Lyle F. Albright, Purdue University Conversions as high as 16y0 obtained, with yields of nitrocyclohexane based on cyclohexane consumption 5070 or higher, over ranges of conditions of probable commercial interest. Effects of operating conditions on kinetics and course of reaction studied in detail. Reaction mechanism proposed to account for all major products. M S . 64-244 38 pages, including I 7 figures 84.00
Thermodynamics of Solid Carbon Dioxide Solubility in liquid Solvents at l o w Temperatures
A. L. Myers and J . M . Prausnitz, National Bureau of Standards and Uniuersity of Cal$ornia Describes a molecular thermodynamic method for calculating solid-liquid equilibria at temperatures below 216.56’ K. Correlation useful for predicting solid COz solubility in various solvents and solvent mixtures. Ms. 64-227
76 pages, including 5 figures
$2.00
Estimation of Catalyst Utilization
E. Horvath, Sinclair Research, Inc. Generalized solution derived. Can be applied to steady state for equal and nonequal volumes, continuous flow backmix reactors in series. M s . 64-246
57.00
7pages, 1 table
Sedimentation I, 11, 111 liquid Film Controlled Mass Transfer in Agitated Vessels
A. S.-H Jernqvist, Chalmers Institute of Technology, Gothenberg,
Donald N . Miller, E. 1. du Pant de Nemours B Go., Inc.
Sweden
Considers agitated vessel scale-up methods currently available, discusses theoretical developments and reviews several of the more successful attempts to use available theory in correlating data. Includes over 60 references.
Existing theory summarized and new theoretical guide lines developed for analysis of operating conditions for continuous thickeners, including unsteady state. Includes all theory necessary for batch as well as continuous sedimentation from standpoint of chemical engineer.
Ms. 64-230
42pages, including Ifigures, 7 table
85.00
Ms. 64-247 The Theory of Grincting Operations
L. G. Austin and R. R. Klimpel, The Pennsylvania State University
70 pages, including 47Jigures
$7.00
Production of Ozone by Use of a Plasma Jef
Charles S. Stokes and Leon A . Streng, The Research Institute of Temple University
Examines underlying concepts, including so-called energy laws of comminution, physical concepts of fracture, and statistical approaches to primary breakage distributions. New experimental evidence shows mechanistic approach, in which differential equation of grinding is solved on a computer, a promising lead toward an adequate unit operations theory of grinding.
Ozone synthesis by new method involving use of an inert gas ’ plasma jet quenched by liquid oxygen. Yields of 0.46 wt. % and production rates as high as 1 .I7 pounds per hour obtained at powers up to 10 kw.
MS. 64-237
M s . 64-250
45 pages, including 8figures
t- Circle No. 502 on Readers’ Service Card
85.00
16pages, including Gfigures, 4 tables VOL. 5 6
NO. 8
$2.00
AUGUST 1 9 6 4
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