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SUBSCRIBER
A correlation between heat transfer coefficient as a function of various characteristic properties of the fluid-solid systems has been developed. I t circumvents some past difficulties to bring about a better understanding of the heat transfer mechanism and its use as a design parameter.
Gas-Solid Heat Transfer in Fluidized Beds.
24 pages ( 8 f g u r e s )
NONSUBSCRIBER
The Mathematical Duality in the Determlnation of Chemical Equilibrium Composition. Describes a simple, general method
which is applicable to all equilibrium reactions and requires only simple algebraic forms. Reaction between methane and steam is used to illustrate the method, which gives results comparable with those by equilibrium constant and steepest descent methods.
R . S. Mann and L. C. L. Feng, University of Ottawa, Canada M S . 66-448
0
Chn-liang Lai, Tennessee State University
Subscribers $3.00
M s . 66-462
Nonsubscribers $6.00
Subscribers $2.00
78 pages ( 3 tables)
Nonsubscribers $4.00
Simulation of Fractional liquid-liquid Extraction Processes. An Empirical Expression for the Turbulent Flow Velocity Distribution. An empirical equation is presented which permits
A “scale-down” technique is described which has proved useful for preparation of typical production materials from small amounts of starting material, for early evaluation of fractional liquid-liquid extraction as a processing alternative and for process design.
a simple determination of the velocity profile and the eddy diffusivity profile to be made for turbulent flow in both smooth and rough pipes for Reynolds numbers up to three million.
Duane 0 . Capps, University of Denver, and Thomas R . Rehm, University of Arizona
P . A . Belter, The Upjohn Company M S . 66-455 27pages (5fgures, 6 tables)
Subsmibers $3.00
M s . 66-46?
Nonsubscribers $6.00
Stability of Calcium Sulfate Hydrates In Wet Process Phosphoric Acid. Data are presented comparing predicted transition
temperatures in wet process acid, based on vapor pressures, with those determined experimentally. A method for determining transition point, less iedious than equilibration, is described.
Richard L . Gilbert, Jr., American Cyanamid Company M S . 66-456 23pages (Gfgures, 4 tables)
Subscribers $3.00 Nonsubscribers $6.00
Describes equipment for accurate testing of 5 to 25 ml. of fixed-bed catalyst. Four independent micro units can operate continuously with liquid feed 5 to 25 ml. per hour; gas feeds 2 to 84 standard liters per hour; pressures to 300 atm. Better data are obtained with high quality hardware.
Multiple Automated Micro Units.
Carl D . Ackerman, Anthony B. Hartman, and Richard A . Wright Gulf Research B Development Company M s . 66-460 78 pages (8JTgures)
I
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubsvibers $4.00
Dispersion of Matter in Humun Blood at l o w Flow Rates.
Mean velocity of blood, taking into consideration its nonNewtonian character, can be deduced by measuring the longitudinal diffusivity of matter injected into the blood. An expression for diffusivity is given, which depends on ratio of the yield-to-wall stress.
Subscribers $3.00
21 pages (4figures)
Nonsubscribers $6.00
Mass Transfer to Falling Wavy liquid Films in Turbulent Flow.
I
Proposed theory allows calculation of average rotational period of eddies near interface of a turbulent liquid film in wave motion. An unsteady state absorption model is used to predict liquid phase mass transfer coefficients. Published data agree well with theoretical predictions.
S. Banerjee, D . S . Scott, and E . Rhodes, University of Waterloo, Canada MS.66-468
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubscribers 8 4 . 0 0
74 pages (7 fgure)
Homogeneous Nucleation of Sodium Chloride Solutions.
Theory of homogeneous nucleation in the case of electrolyte solutions was confirmed by analysis of behavior a t 25’ C . of a n aerosol composed of supersaturated sodium chloride solution droplets, 0.01 to 0.1 micron diameter. Time for nucleation is a logarithmic function of electrolyte activity as theory predicts.
A . F. Hidalgo and Clyde Orr, Jr., Georgia Institute of Technology M S . 66-469
Subscribers $2.00
73pages (Sfgures, 7 table)
Nonsubscribers $4.00
Propoxylation of Glycerine. A Study of Variables. In presence of an alkaline catalyst, rate of reaction during semi-batch operation increased with increase in catalyst concentration, temperature, and agitation. Catalyst concentration appeared to be the most significant variable.
M . Emin Erdogan, Technical University of Istanbul, Turkey
Carl W . Yost, C . A . Plank, and E . R . Gerhard, University of Louisville
M S . 66-466
M s . 66-470
73 pages ( 4 f g u r e s )
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubscribers $4.00
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubscribers 84.00
7 7 pages ( 4 f g u r e s )
VOL. 5 9
NO. 1
JANUARY 1967
111
RESEARCH RESULTS Evaluation of 2-Ethyl-4-methylimidazole as a n Epoxy Resin Hardener. Epoxies heat-cured with 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole
Transfer Function and Transform Methods in Engineering and Science Research. A guide to understanding and use. Prac-
have advantage of ease of compounding, long pot life, low viscosity, nonstaining, and economic curing schedules which yield castings of excellent mechanical and electrical properties. Unusual property of the silica-filled system is a deflection temperature greater than 554’ F.
tical techniques are stressed. Mathematical ideas common to Fourier and Laplace transforms are reduced to transfer functions in frequency domain. A digital computer can be used. Optimization can be obtained if system is simulated on an analog computer.
F.
X. Ventrice, Bell Telephone Laboratories
M s . 66-477
Cheng-liang Lai, Vanderbilt University Subscribers $2.00
I 7 pages (5fipures, 6 tables)
Nonsubscribers $4.00
Correlation of Shrinkage Pressures Developed in Epoxy, Polyurethane, and Silicone Casting Resins with Inductance Measurements on Embedded Electronic Components. Gives
inductance values over a wide temperature range using 11 potting compounds; also reports pressure studies. Correlation of inductance change with pressure build-up is shown. Inductance loss and pressure build-up are greater for filled rigid and semi-rigid compounds than for corresponding unfilled.
Subscribers $2.00
79 pages (12jgures, 6 tables) Time-Optimum
Control Processes for Set-Point Changes.
Pierre R. Latoitr, Lowell B. Koppel, and Donald R. Coughanowr, Purdue Lrniuersiiy
38 pages (72&~ires,2 tables)
Nonsubscribers $8.00
Inlet concentrations 1,000 to 3,000 p.p.m. by weight of a toxic organophosphonate (Sarin) provide maximum analytical precision and reasonable times to bring system to steady state. Suggests possible application of decomposition process to other poisons in same class, as an alternative to conventional charcoal filters.
R. W. Baier, Philco-Ford Corporation, and S. W. Weller, State Uniuersity of New York at Buffalo
23pages ( I O figures, 7 table)
R. J . Marshall and A . B. Metzner, University of Delaware
35pages (3figures, 7 table)
Subscribers $4.00 Nonsubscribers 88.00
Aromatic Slructures in Asphalt Fractions. I n fractions of a Venezuela residue, aromatics exist in condensed structures-3 or 4 rings in oils, 6 to 1 6 rings in resins-while in the asphaltenes (2500 to 7500 molecular weight) 32 to 105 rings are divided into “islands” of 16 to 20 condensed rings linked by saturated structures.
S. W. Ferris, E. P. Black, and J . E . Clelland, Sun Oil Company M s . 66-487 26pages (IZfigures, 6 tables)
Subscribers $3.00 Nonsubscribers $6.00
Subscribers $3.00
The Inconstancy of Nonisothermal Diffusion Coefficients.
The diffusion coefficient measured in thermal diffusion is in most cases significantly larger (typically 20 to 40%) than that measured in isothermal diffusion, and increases with temperature gradient, Mass-transfer theory does not account for the magnitude of the effect, and it must be handled phenomenologically.
Sergio DiCave and Alden H. Emery, Jr., Purdue University Ms. 66-482 20 Pages (5Jgures)
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubscribers $4~00
Nonsubscribers $6.00 Dispersed Phase Axial Mixing in a Sieve Plate Pulsed Extraction Column. Data for an organic phase dispersed in water
Design of Air Pulsars for Pulse Column Application.
Design and performance correlation of air pulsers requires solution of three coupled, nonlinear differential equations. Equations and methods for solution are presented. Computed results compare very favorably with measured values. Typical operating curves for an air pulser are presented. Procedures require a digital computer.
are presented for a wide range of column operating variables. Theory of axial mixing is reviewed and a fluorimetric technique for pulse input experiments reported. Data indicate presence of four mixing mechanisms and permit a complete description of mixing phenomena.
M . E. Weech and B. E . Knight, Nuclear Fuel Services, Inc.
Ms. 66-483
M S . 66-475
35pages (72figures, 12 tables)
26pages (6$gures, I table)
Subscribers $3.00
Richard L. Bell and Albert L. Babb, University of Washington Subscribers $4.00 Nonsubscribers $8.00
Nonsubscribers.$6.00
A Microelectronic Device for Measuring Heat Transfer Coefficients in Fluidized Beds. Describes a fluidizable particle con-
taining a heat source, electron current source, thermistor, and radio transmitter circuit for accurate measurement of average heat transfer coefficient for a particle in a fluidized bed. Also measures temperature differences between particle and fluidizing atmospheric air.
Measurement of Concentration bependent Diffusion Coefficients-Exponential Case. Solutions to the diffusion equa-
tion for an exponentially varying diffusion coefficient were evaluated, enabling precise interpretation of absorption and desorption data for this type of concentration dependence. Diffusion coefficients for organic liquids in poly(viny1 acetate) a t 25 O C. are given to demonstrate this type of diffusion.
James J. Barker, 7 0 Walden Avenue, Jericho, New York
C. M . Hansen, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
M s . 66-477
M s . 66-484
77pages (4~7gures,3 tables) 112
Flow of Viscoelastic Fluids Through Porous Media. Data support an analysis of flow in converging channels which suggests that major (order-of-magnitude) effects occur at Deborah number levels in the 0.1 to 1.0 range. Critical value of the Deborah number at which viscoelastic effects are first measurable is defined.
Subscribers $4.00
Catalytic and Thermal Decomposition of Sarin.
M S . 66-474
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubscriters 84.00
Nonsubscribers $4.00
Results provide an improved, practical technique for good setpoint responses, while allowing conventional controllers to be tuned for good regulator action so that load disturbances will be well compensated. Improves performance of such supervisory control systems significantly.
Ms.66-473
76 pages (2jigures)
MS.66-479
C . V . Lundberg, Bell Telephone Laboratories
Ms. 66-472
MS. 66-478
Subsoibers $2.00 Nonsubscribers $4.00
INDUSTRIAL A N D ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
76pages (?figure, 6 tables)
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsu bscribers $4.00
R E S E A R C H RESULTS Improved Adhesive from the Reaction of Dialdehyde Starch and Gluten. The tensile strength of a dialdehyde starch-
gluten adhesive was increased from 300 to 1100 p.s.i. by increasing the reaction and curing temperatures from about 20’ to 55’ and 140° C., respectively.
Lionel K. Arnold and William Erskine, J r . , Iowa State University
M S . 66-486 7 p a g e s (Zfigures, 7 table)
Subscribers $7.00 Nonsubscribers $2.00
The Use of DTA in Studying Glass Transitions and Thermal Degradation of Polystyrene. Glass transitions and thermal
decomposition of commercial and standard polystyrene samples were measured using a differential thermal analyzer designed for microsamples. Effects of sample history and treatment were studied to better evaluate the method’s utility.
Alton E . Martin and Howard F. Rase, University of Texas MS. 66-489 Subscribers $2.00 20pages ( b j g u r e s , 4 tables)
Nonsubscribers 6 4 . 0 0
Structural and Terminal Analysis in Multivariable Process Control. Method of control analysis for continuous multi-
variable processes uses a structural descriptioe of a process, and makes maximum use of available process information to yield optimum feedforward and feedback control configurations. Comparison with corresponding terminal analysis method and examples illustrate significant advantages of structural approach.
NOW A LOW COST METERING PUMP FOR
SULPHURIC ACID AND OTHER
STRONG OXIDIZING AGENTS
NOW
a
special formulation of Hypalon makes the dependable SIGMAMOTOR Pump applicable for metering SUIphuric acid or other strong oxidizing agents. Liquid is forced through Hypalon tubing by wave-like action of steel fingers. Never contacts metal. Model TGSH opens t o permit change of tLbing easlly
- qu1ck.y.
G . G . Greenfield and T . J . Ward, Clarkson College of Technology M s . 66-490 Subscribers 6 4 . 0 0
37 pages (8figures)
Nonsubscribers $8.00
Sorption of Sulfur Dioxide by Corn Starch. Sorption of sulfur dioxide by dry corn starch at slightly less than atmospheric pressure required about 20 days to reach equilibrium. The data fit a first-order rate reaction very closely.
67 NORTH MAIN STREET
MIDDLEPORT, NEW YORK
Circle NO. 25 on Readers’ Service Card
Lionel K . Arnold and Alan Stlverman, Iowa State University of Science and Technology MS. 66-492 Subscribers $7.00 6 pages (2 tables)
Nonsubscribers $2.00
Fluidized Bed Disposal of Fluorine. A highly effective fluidized bed process (over 99.9%) has been developed for the disposal of fluorine using activated alumina as the reactive solid. The process is capable of high fluorine disposal rates and utilizes the activated alumina to near the theoretical maximum conversion.
John T . Holmes and Albert A . Jonke, Argonne National Laboratory MS.66-4.93 Subscribers $3.00 22pages (Ifigures, 4 tables)
Nonsubscribers $6,00
The Role of Slurry Particle Geometry in Changing the Kinetics of a Reacting Slurry System. The Acetylation of Alkyl Chlorides with Sodium Acetate. An investigation of the role
of slurry particle geometry in changing the apparent kinetics of a reacting slurry system was made. Osmotic diffusion of liquid inside the slurry particle or through particle pores is postulated to explain experimental results.
&on Polinski and LDer Huang, Givaudan Corporation
MS. 66-496 21 pages ( 4 j g u r e s , 2 tables)
Subscribers $3.00 Nonsubscribers $6.00
Use of Ferric and Aluminum Phosphate as Ion Exchangers. Potassium Recovery from Sea Water. Potassium removal from
sea water brines was studied by reaction of ferric and aluminum phosphate with potassium in the brines. These metal phosphates were ion exchangers. Until certain difficulties are overcome, potassium recovery by this process will not be economical.
. , . techniques for using Millipore filters to sterilize pharmaceutical and biological solutions at high flow rates, plus a technique for sterility testing antibiotics in accordance with FDA regulations. Write for a copy of Manual ADM-20, “Sterilizing Filtration and Sterility Testing”. 3 2 pages. Available free of charge from Millipore Corporation, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730.
Jacob Block and Murre1 L. Salutsky, W . R . Grace d Company
MS. 66-498 16pages (afigures, 12 tables)
Subsctibers 82.00 Nonsubsctibers $4.00
Circle NO. 10 on Readers’ Service Card VOL. 5 9
NO. 1
JANUARY 1967
113
