RESEARCH RESULTS . . . . . . immediately available All papers listed are being considered for publication in I&EC or one of the I&EC Quarterlies. They are available in manuscript form, with the requirement that any reference to their content in a publication must have the author's prior approval. Orders are processed within 24 hours of receipt, with shipment by first class mail. Prices for subscribers and nonsubscribers are listed with each manuscript. Please include payment with order.
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Equilibrium of Homogeneous Chemical Readions in Ideal Systems. A definition of stable equilibrium in chemically re-
The Size Distribution of Agglomerates in Coalescing Dispersed Phase Systems. Develops concepts of "free" and "re-
acting systems is derived in terms of Gibbs function of the system. I t is shown that equilibrium states are stable and unique for ideal systems.
stricted"-in-space agglomeration and modifies the classical deterministic model to describe them. Proposes a combinatorial model for the random coalescence process having the advantage of predicting variance of the number of species of given size.
J . Dunwoody, The Queen's L'niversity of Belfast, Ireland
MS. 68-372 70 pages
Subscribers 87.00 Nonsubscribers $2.00
Blow Off of Flames from Shorl Burner Ports, Shows how the radial velocity gradient depends on loading and port geometry and how the critical velocity gradient can be used to estimate the loading limits of any burner. Validity of calculated results has been checked experimentally.
P. Gunnar Hovsenius, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Ms. 68-373 76pages (Sjgures, I table)
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubscribers $4.00
Hydrogenolysis of Ethane and of Propane over a Commercial Ruthenium Catalyst: Kinetic Study, Data for the ethane- and
propane-hydrogen reactions were fitted to power law rate equations. Reactions were first order in hydrocarbon and inhibited by hydrogen. Finite conversion data were obtained in the stirred-reactor system.
22pages (Gjgures, 3 tables)
Subscribers $7.00 A70mubscribers
$14.00
Simulation of Plug Tubular Reactors. Stresses the importance of the analog computer in reaction kinetics and uses an analog simulation to guide the design of a tubular reactor. Development and experimental verification of the analog programs are discussed in detail.
Jon D . Carson and Raymond C. Waggoner, University of Missouri, Rolla
ZSpages (8jigures, 5 tables)
66
Reactions of Titanium Tetrachloride in a Radio-Frequency Plasma Torch. Calculated equilibrium results are presented
for Ar-TiCla, Ar-TiC14-Mg, and Ar-TiC14-H2, with temperatures to 14,000'K at 1 atm. Experimental coupling efficiencies indicate a transfer of about 6070 generator plate power to the plasma. Appreciable reduction of Ticla to TIC]:: was obtained with H2.
Reid C. Mzller and Richard J . Ayen, University of California
Ms. 68-441
Subscribers $400 Nonsubscribers $8.00
The Determination of Relative Variance and Other Moments for Generalized Flow Networks or System Transfer Functions.
By use of Laplace transform properties and the trace of a matrix, it is possible to obtain directly either moments or cumulants of a transfer function, using standard computer routines. Applications of these parameters for deriving simplified models are described.
H. W. Kropholler, Loughborough University of Technology, England
Herbert L. Gilles and Curtis W . Clump, Lehigh L'niversity
Ms. 68-435
Subscribers 62.00 Nonsu bscri hers $4.00
A'onsubscribers $6.00
plasma and decreased with increasing ore size, while chemical and physical changes occurred as amount of reduction varied. Heat transfer to the ore is an important factor in reduction process.
63pages ( l d j g u r e s , 5 tables)
19 pages ( I jgure)
Subscribers 83.00
Reduction of Iron Ore with Hydrogen in a Direct Current Plasma Jet. Reduction increased with greater energy in the
Ms. 68-428
M S . 68-437
37pages ( S j g u r e s , 2 tables)
D . G . Tajbl, Institute oj' Gas Technology
Ms. 68-427
Kalanakh V . S. Sastry and Douglas W . Fuerstenau, University of California
Subscribers $3.00 Nonsubscribers $6.00
N D U S T R i A L AND E N G I N E E R I N G CHEMISTRY
iMs. 68-442
18pages (Zjgures, 3 tables)
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubscribers 84.00
Flame-Retardants for Polystyrene. Methods of achieving flame-retardant polystyrene are reviewed. Types of compounds are discussed and listed in tabular form. Synergists and test methods are included with 204 references.
Robert F. Lindemann, Michigan Chemical Corporation
M s . 68-444 32 pages ( I jigure, 7 tables)
Subscribers $4.00 h'onsubscribers $8.00
Tensile Strength of Cohesive Powders. Based on the packing model of packed powder mass, tensile strength was derived as the product of the number of contacts and the cohesive force between particles of the closest packing.
Kunio Shinohara and Tatsuo Tanaka, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Subscribers $4.00
M S . 68-446
Nonsubscribers 88.00
3 9 pages (2OJigures, 2 tables)
Heat Transfer to a laminar Incompressible, Fully Developed Pulsating Flow between Parallel Flat Plates. Discusses effect
of a periodic disturbance on the local time average heat flux. An approximate solution is obtained. Deviations from steady flow in the local time average heat flux form three general relationships with a dimensionless distance.
Donald Davidson, Shell Development Company and Robert 0. Parker, New York University
M S . 68-459
Subscribers 83.00
30 pages (14Jigures) Measuring Device for Tensile Strength of Cohesive Materials.
Using a balance, the packed powder mass in a cylindrical split cell was vertically separated by a load applied from a head tank, with water a t a constant flow rate.
Kunio Shinohara and Tatsuo Tanaka, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Subscribers 83.00
Ms. 68-447 24 pages (9Jigures)
Nonsubscribers $6.00
A
Modern
Building
Nonsubscribers $6.00 Material
from
varying sizes for design and scale-up purposes. T h e model contains essentially no adjustable parameter and is convenient for computer simulations.
K. Kato and C. Y . Wen, West Virginia University M s . 68-449 3 9 pages ( 8 j g u r e s , 3 tables)
Subscribers 84.00 Nonsubscribers 88.00
Soil.
Subscribers 84.00
M S . 68-460
Nansu bscribers 88.00
Regeneration of Coked Catalyst in Adiabatic Fixed Beds at l o w e r Temperature. An unsteady state solution for simula-
tion of the regeneration process was obtained numerically. An implicit semianalytical solution for quasi-steady state burning regime was shown to approach the unsteady state solution asymptotically for larger times.
Yuichi Ozawa, Mobil Research
t Y Development Corporation
M s . 68-462
Subscribers 83.00
23pages ( b j g u r e s ) A Generol Solution of Equations Representing the Effects of
and
D . T . Rogers and J . C. Munday, ESSOResearch and Engineering Company
38 pages ( S j g u r e s , I0 tables) Bubble Assemblage Model for Fluidized Bed Catalytic Reactors. Presents a new model based on multiple bubbles of
Asphalt
Describes a process for manufacture of bricks and blocks which equal conventional masonry products in strength, have better water repellency and freeze-thaw resistance, and lower production, construction, and decoration costs.
Nonsubscribers $6.00
Batch and Simulated Continuous Separation of lanthanum from Monazite Rare Earths. Lanthanum was successfully
Catalyst Poisoning in Fixed Bed Reactors. Equations used to represent the time dependent behavior have analytical solutions, to within quadratures, for arbitrary poisoning functions. Earlier results are discussed, also ways by which bed-average poison concentration and catalyst activity ratios can be easily evaluated.
separated from light rare earths using di(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid in toluene. T h e multiple-batch extraction technique was again a useful tool in simulating behavior of continuous systems and studying their approach to steady state.
Kenneth B. Bischoff, University of Maryland
M . A . Mandil and M . M . Farahat, Alexandria U.A.R., Egypt
Ms. 68-45 I 11 pages
Subscribers 82.00 Nonsubscribers 84.00
Preparation of Carbon Metallurgical Electrodes from l o w Temperature lignite Coke and lignite Pitch Binder. Coke aggregate was produced by thermal cracking or by delayed
coking of pitch from distillation of low-temperature lignite tar. Electrodes compare favorably with commercial high-purity electrodes.
John S. Berber and Richard L. Rice, Morgantown Coal Research Center M s . 68-452 23pages (GJigures, 4 tables)
Subscribers 83.00
M s . 68-464
University,
Subscribers 82.00
73pages (3Jigures, 3 tables)
Nonsubscribers $4.00
Olefin Disproportionation Catalysts. Reports discovery of several inorganic materials with catalytic activity for disproportion of olefins, gives methods of preparation, and discusses catalytic properties. Tungsten or molybdenum oxides on silica, alumina, or aluminum phosphate had the highest activities of combinations reported.
L. F. Heckelsberg, R . L. Banks, and G. C. Bailey, Phillips Petroleum Company Subscribers 8 1.00
M s . 68-465
8 pages ( 4 tables)
Nonsubscribers $2.00
Nonsubscribers 86.00 Optimal Control of a Class of l i m e Delay Control Systems.
Interval Programming: A N e w Approach to linear Programming with Applications to Chemical Problems. Presents a finite iterative method for solving interval programming and demonstrates its effectiveness on a cupola charging problem, representative of I P problems in chemical engineering.
Based on output variable, dynamics of a class of distributedparameter, tubular processes can be represented by ordinary differential equations with time delays. Numerical and analytical methods for solving time delay control systems are discussed.
Yen-Ping Shih, Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
P. D . Roberts and A . Ben-Israel, Northwestern University
M s . 68-467
Ms. 68-453
30 pages (8Jigures)
20 pages ( 2 tables)
Subscribers $2.00 Nonsubscribers $4.00
Polymer Structure. Bulk properties of polymeric materials are classified and discussed on the basis of their physical states, including molten, semicrystalline, glass, and thermoset. Over 100 references included.
John R. Collier, Ohio University M s . 68-458 48 pages (26Jigures, 7 table)
Subscribers $5.00 Nonsubscribers 870.00
Subscribers 83.00
Accelerated Polymer
Nonsubscribers $6.00 Film Drying at
Elevated Pressures.
Drying of MEK-polystyrene films a t elevated pressures to permit an increase in solvent diffusion rates at higher temperatures, without encountering a solution boiling point restraint, illustrates a technique for markedly accelerating drying rates of falling rate systems.
D . E. Robinson, A . E. Higinbotham, and P. C. Wankat, 3 M Company M s . 68-468
Subscribers $2.00
74pages (7Jigures, 2 tables) VOL. 6 0
Nonsubscribers 84.00
NO. 1 2
DECEMBER 1 9 6 8
67
RESEARCH RESULTS Plaster Compositions. Reduction in Water Absorption of Gypsum Plaster wiih Acrylic Polymers. When added to plaster in concentrations of 0.02% or less, many acrylic polymers are
Pyrochemical Extraction of Polonium from Irradiated Bismuth A simple pyrochemical process extracts ZlOPo from Metal.
molten bismuth and operates efficiently over a wide range of temperatures and reactant ratios. Process appears suitable for recovery of kilogram amounts of polonium for use in isotopic power sources.
capable of lowering water absorption. Some also act as retarders or accelerators of set, or change the consistency of the plaster.
Allan E. Sherr and Joseph Roshal, American Cyanamid Company
Wallace W. Schulr and Gary F. Schiefelbein, Battelle Memorial Institute, and Lester E. Bruns, Atlantic Richfeld Hanford Company
Subscribers 52.00
M s . 68-469 I ? pages (5 tables)
Ms. 68-474
~Vonsubscribers$4.00
Subscribers 53.00
30pages (7 tables, S f ~ u r e s ) Hydroxyalamine
Complexes
of
Some
Inorganic
Salts.
Describes preparation and characterization of complexes formed by hydroxylammonium perchlorate and nitrate which are, in general, less hygroscopic than the salt itself. Complexes formed by lithium, magnesium, calcium, and barium perchlorates and by calcium chloride were also investigated.
Water Evaporation in Air, Humid Air, and Superheated Steam.
When mass velocity is constant, evaporation rate versus temperature has one “inverse point” with the same evaporation rate for different degrees of humidity. Practical use of a completely closed circuit dryer is promising.
R . H . Quacchia, H . M o e , M . A. Klotz, and A. J . DiMilo, AerojetGeneral Corporation
Ms. 68-47?
Tetsuo Yoshida and Tsutomu H y i d i , Osaka City University, Japan
Subscribers $ 7. 00
6 pages (2 tables)
Nonsubscribers $6.00
M s . 68-475
Nonsubscribers 82.00
Subscribers $3.00
30pages (IOfigures, 2 tables)
Nonsubscribers $6.00
Thermodynamics of Solutions with Physical and Chemical Inieractions: Solubility of Acetylene in Organic Solvents.
A set of thermodynamically consistent equations has been developed for representing properties of solvating binary liquids over a wide range. Analysis of solubility data for acetylene in a variety of organic solvents illustrates the theoretical development.
Describes simple device for accurately measuring charge and size of individual drops between 30 to 60 microns. ’With suitable changes sizes down to 5 microns and u p to a few hundred microns can be measured.
H . G. Harris and J . M . Prausnitz, University of California, Berkeley
Selcuk Ataman and D. N . Hanson, University o j CaliJornia, Berkeley
M s . 68-473
Ms. 68-478
Measurement of Charged Drops.
Subscribers $4.00
40 pages (70Jigures, 3 tables)
Nonsubscribers $8.00
Subscribers $3.00
22pages ( d j g u r e s , 2 tables)
Nonsubscribers $6.00
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