John W. Moore
Eastern Michigan University Ypsilanti. 48197 and Elizabeth A. Moore Ann Arbor. Michigan 48103
Resources in Environmental Chemistry 11. An annotated bibliography of water, life and health, and population problems
Presented below is the concluding portion of this hihliography, covering the areas of Water; Life and Health; Population; and Science and Government.' The broad areas have been divided into suh-topics, each arranged generally in the order of increasing complexity. Where it exists, information about experiments, computer models and simulations, and films has been included in addition to the traditional sources-hooks, periodicals, abstracts, and government documents. The two portions of the bibliography have been numbered consecutively, hence cross-references to numbers ( I ) through (164) refer to Part I. Water and Water Pollutlon
An adequate and safe supply of water is essential for all life. This fact has become a current issue with the passage of the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 and in light of the apparent relationship between the presence in water of trace organic compounds which are known carcinogens and cancer mortality in the New Orleans area. There is evidence that chloroform, hromodichloromethane, dihromochloromethane, and hromoform are produced from a common nrecursor hv chlorination. Thus chlorination. which has been so successful in removing pathogenic bacteria, mav a ~ a i nnrove the rule that there is no comnlete solution to any environmental problem. In the references below manv asnects of industrial and municinal water nollution are considered (e.g., eutrophication, heavy metals, effluents of the nulo . and naner . . industrv). .. . as well as water treatment. water quality criteria, and the nature of rivers, lakes, and oceans. As multinle-use of water hecomes commondace. . . these topics will increase in importance.
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About Water
Chemistry and biochemistry of water 1165) Penman, H. L., "The Wster Cycle."Sei. Arne,.. 223 (31, 99 119701. The unusual and unique nm~ertiosof water are described and mouide s baekeround for un-
1173) M a n , Jean L., "Drinking Water: Another Source of Carcinogens?" Science. 186, 809 119741. A report of studies done an the lover Mississippi River which dateeted the p-nce of carcinogens. Chlorine "Sed to deatroy bacteria is s u a p d e d of reactinp with hydrocarbons in the water to form their chlorinated derivative*. (174) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Interim Primsry Drinking Water Standards," Federal Rqialrfer, 40 1511. 11990 IMareh 15, 1975). These are the EPA's proposed interim standards under the Safe Drinking Water Act; the enacmont of standsrds is espocia11y importent in view of the previou. report on caxinogem in drinking water. (175) ,'Are Yau Drinking Riarefractories Tw?." Enuiran. Sci. & TechnoL, 7 Ill, I 4 119731. Problems with oqanic compounds in drinking vster along the lower Mississippi River. 1176) Gurhee. David E., "Clean Water: What is it? Howwill we aehiek it7"ChemTe~h. 336 (June 19791, An snalylis of scientific and political sspecfs of passaga of tho Federal Water Pollution Convol Act Amendmem of ,972. Public Law92-5W.
Bodies of water: freshlocean 11771 Howells, G. P.. Kneip, T. J.. and Eisenbud, M., "Water Quality in lnduatrial Arcan: Profileofa River,"Enuiron. Sri. & Terhnol,, 4 111.26 119701.A thorough remrt on the bioloaical status of a malor industrial river-the Hudson-which h& been carefully &died. 1178) Carter, Luther J., "Gslveston Bay: Test Csae of an EBtuary in Crisi8." Science, I67.1102 119701. A good example of problems which e m occur in the biologically essential area where fresh end salt water meet. 11191 U.S. Envin,nmentai Protection Ageney, ''Annual Report on Fish Kills by Pollution" lcurrent ikuel. An indication Ithaugh n a infallible1 ofthe extent of pollution of nature1 watem. 1180) Sill&. L. G.. "TheOman ssaChemicalSystem."Scisnce. 166,1189 119871 Anerpert on the equilihrie of ionic .ol"tion. mnsiderr the largest example in the world. (I811 Bareom, Willard, "The Disposal of Wsate in the Ocean."Scientific Amarieon 231 121 16 11974l. After describing the nature of tho ocean and the vaster that are being discharged into it. the author discumes the ocean's ability to accept some wader. 1182) Colton, Jr.. John B., Knapp. Frederick D., and Burns, Bruce R.. "Plantie Psrtieles in Surface Waters of the Northwestern Aflentie." Scienee, 185. 491 119741. The authors provide useful information about the quantity, distribution, and Bource of various plastics found in this area; the main environmental dangers would sp. near to be non-hidenradabilitv and surface area on which bacteria and other organisms e m gro*.
Economic considerations (l8Bl U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "The Emnomies of Clean Water." U.S. Government Printing Office. 1972. This report (in three volumesl details the investment levels needed to meet water quality objective. by both munieipslitiea and industries. "Wafer P o l l ~ t i mContmk foCost8 Bundle." 1%IOetoher 11841 Chprn. ond Enp. NPUIB. IS. 1973); "EPA Sees no Economic Blocks to Clean Water." 16. (February 4. 19741 Reports on economic impacts of water pollution control.
Water Pollution, From Various Sources
Introductory level men* is available for $3 st Lh. shove addrein. lL611 Dugan, Patrick R., "Biochemical Ecology of Water Pollution." Plenum Prcsr, New Ymk. 1972. A mierobiologirt's view of water pollution, in terms which can be undersfwd by any scientist. 11681 Stumm. W., and Morgan. J. J.. "Aqusfie Chemistry." Wiley-Inteneienee. New York. 1970. Detailed dneriptiom of chemical equilibria in natural muironmen*. 11691 Syken. G.. and Skinner. F. A . (Editors). "Microbial A s p ~ c aof Pollution," Society fur Applied Bacteriology Symposium Serirp No. 1, Academic Pros, New York. 1971. A wide variety of p a p m relating to the role of micrmrganirms in wafer p"ll"tlon.
Water quality criterialdrinking water standards 11101 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, '"National Water Quality Inventory." US. Gnumnment Printine Office. 1974 I2 volumesl. The first svstematic survev of
(ISSI Berg, George C., "Water Pollution." Scientists' Institute for Public Information. 1970. A brief.genara1 survey. 11861 McCaull. Julisn, and Crossland. Jsnica, "Water Pollutian." Harcoun Brace Joe r hv two members of the uanovich. Vew York. 1974. W~ittena t a ~ o ~ u l lwei ~
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s t s f i d Environment. 11871 Peftyjohn, Wayne A,. "Water Quality in a Str-ed Envimnment." Burgess Publishing Cu.. 1972.A collection ofreadings dealing with ground water snd surface water combination. ll%l Enuiron. Sei. & Terhnnl... R (10).0&ber 1974. This soeeislissuedevoted towater . pollution contains much useful information. 11891 Committee on Nitrate Aeeumulafion. "Accumulation d Nitrate." National Research Councillliatianal Academy ofSciences, 1972.
Intermediate level lniurmstion s h u t wster pollution at an intermediate level may be found in refs. 121-15)
Comprehensive coverage of a more specialist nature nogenicity, mutagenicity end cerstogenicity. (172) Crossland, Janice. and Brodine. Vircinia. "Drinking Water." Enuiron.. 16 (31, 11 11913l. A survey of problems relating to eontsminstion of drinking water uppiior.
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This is Part I1 of atwo-part series. Part I covered General; Air: and Resources. Wastes and Reevcline . - .(J. CHEM. EDUC... 53.. 167 (1976);an earlier bibliography treated energy and energy-related topics (J. CHEM. EDUC., 52,288 (1975). All references are numbered consecutively throughout 240 / Journal of Chemical Education
11901 Weber, Jr.. Welter J.. "Physimchomical Processes for Water Quality Control." Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1972. Chemical processes are emphasized, whafher they pertain to natural waters. water supplies or wastewater. Th. author holds that artificial dirtinetions among there elasses are becoming less relevant 8 , multiple upago of water becomes commonplarr. 11911 Fair, G. M., Geyer. J. L a n d Okun, D, A,. "Elements of Wafer Supply and Warfc~ water Dinmrsl."2nd ed..John Wikv B Sons. New Yark. 1971. A detailed treat. .fe~jbment .feelbus.hrro~e~lsall.fof ot.em.feeld bus.hrrlo~e~l aswe* sall.fot.em'.feelbus.hrro~e~lsaof ll.fot.emhr 11921 American Public Health Amocistion, Amwican Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Federation. "Standard Methods for the Examinstion of water and Wastewater: 13th ed.. American Public Health Association. 1971. 11931 American Water Works Association. Inc., "Water Quality and Trosmenf." 3rd ed.. McGrsw-Hill, New York, 1971. The field is fairly camplotely covered by 28 au-
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Eutrophication
Description of the problem 1194) Hutchinson, G. Evelyn, "Eutrophication." Arner Sei., 61 131, 269 119731 A rhoroueh treatment of the scientific hackeround of the ~rohlem. 11951 National Academy of Sciences. "Eutiophieation: Causes, Consequcneen, Correctives." 1969. The$* mocoodingr of a nympmium held in 1967 contain 33 articles hy different autho;s. The i&roduction, summary and recommendstion3 ere quite useful. (196) Allen. H. E., m d Kramer. .lsmes R.. Editors. "Nutrients in Natural Waters." Wiley-Interscience, New York. 1972. A collection of chapters by different au,hl.rs mod ni.which were orosented at an ACS Svm~oiiurnin 1971, this book especially with respect to the concentram on nutrient. and Great Lake" ~
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A simulation (197) Anderron. J . M., "Sprem Simulation t o Test Environmental Poliw: The Eutrophication ull.aken."Env~ron. Lett., 3 131. 203 11972).
Abatement techniques
will have t o go beyond control of detergent. or even phmphatea alone. (1991 Daniels. S. L..end Parker. D. G., "Removing Phmphorun from Waste Water."Enilirnn. SCL.& T r c h n d , 7 181,690 11973); Adamr. Jr., Carl E.. "Removing Nitroen from Waste Water."Enuirnn Sri. & Technol.. 7 181.696 11973). This pair of methods for r~movalof the two e1.mentn most ohen implicated a r f i c l ~ rurve"E s in accelerated eutrophication. 1200) Lee. G. Fred, "Role of Phosphorus in Eutrophication and Diffuse Sovree ConVol." Woi~R r ~ s r o r r h .7. i l l 119731. Argues that attempting to mnVol P inputs to lakes is a sound appmarh t o controlling accelerated outrophiestion. but that a better underrtanding of tho relationrhip or phmphorun input and plant growth is necearary. 121111 Hubaehman. Jerry H.. "Lske Erie: Pollution Abatement. Then What? Science. 171.53fi 119711, A proposal that exeess productivity due to accelerated evtrophiG cation be harvested for human use.
Industrial Water Pollution
General (2021 N e m e ~ w .N. L.. ',Liquid Waste of Industry;' Addiron~WesloyPub. Co.. 1971. Mainlv usehi1 I,,,it3catalo. sf emissions by a vsrietyor induilriesand listing or .,I t,..n,C",
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