Roger Adams: Scientist and Statesman - ACS Publications - American

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t h a t they require t h a t reagent be dif­ fused into t h e sample. In t h e U 0 2 + sensor, p h o s p h a t e and nitric acid are diffused into t h e s a m p l e to g e n e r a t e a m e d i u m in which U 0 ' 2 + becomes fluo­ rescent. In t h e halide sensor, Ag-fluorescein is diffused into t h e sample. Halides combine with A g + , rendering fluorescein fluorescent.

The Future Chemical sensors based on fiber op­ tics are clearly attractive in concept. Success in practice requires t h e devel­ o p m e n t of a p p r o p r i a t e reagent phases. T h i s process is only beginning. How­ ever, t h e devices developed t o d a t e al­ ready illustrate t h e wide variety of a p ­ proaches and systems t h a t a r e pos­ sible. I n t e r e s t in optical sensors is certain t o intensify in t h e n e x t few years, a n d t h e r e are some t r e n d s t h a t are likely t o emerge. Because t h e d y n a m i c r a n g e of sensors is limited and d e p e n d s on equilibrium c o n s t a n t s , a series of re­ a g e n t phases will be developed for a single analyte in order to respond to different levels of analyte concentra­ tion. O t h e r p r o b a b l e t r e n d s will be t h e increased use of m e a s u r e m e n t s a t two or m o r e wavelengths a n d t h e in­ creased use of reflectance t o exploit

reactions causing color changes. Successful d e v e l o p m e n t of optical sensors t h a t respond directly to com­ m o n analytes will inevitably lead to coupled sensors in which a r e a g e n t p h a s e " t r a n s d u c e s " t h e a n a l y t e of in­ t e r e s t t o a species m e a s u r e d by t h e op­ tical sensor. As already m e n t i o n e d , optical p H sensors in c o n t a c t with bi­ c a r b o n a t e have already served as t h e i n t e r n a l sensing e l e m e n t s of C 0 2 sen­ sors (8, 14, 15).

(12) Kawahara, F. K.; Fiuten, R. Α.; Silvus, H. S.; Newman, F. N.; Frazar, J. H. Anal. Chim. Acta 1983,151, 315. (13) Freeman, T. M.; Seitz, W. R. Anal. Chem. 1981,53,98-102. (14) Zhujun, Z.; Seitz, W. R., submitted for publication in Anal. Chim. Acta. (15) Vurek, G.; Peterson, John; Goldstein, Seth; Severinghaus, John. Federation Proceedings 1982,4/, 1484.

References (1) Borman, S. A. Anal. Chem. 1981,53, 1616-18 A. (2) Peterson, J. I.; Goldstein, S. R.; Fitz­ gerald, R. V.; Buckhold, D. K. Anal. Chem. 1980,52,864-69. (3) Saari, L. Α.; Seitz, W. R. Anal. Chem. 1982 54 821-23. (4) Saari, L. Α.; Seitz, W. R. Anal. Chem. 1983,55,667-70. (5) Saari, L. Α.; Seitz, W. R., submitted for publication in Analyst. (6) Zhujun, Z., unpublished work. (7) Zhujun, Z.; Seitz, W. R., submitted for publication in Anal. Chim. Acta. (8) Lubbers, D. W.; Opitz, N. In "Proceed­ ings of the International Meeting on Chemical Sensors"; Fukuoka, Japan; El­ sevier: Amsterdam, 1983; pp. 609-19. (9) Peterson, J. I.; Fitzgerald, R. V.; Buckhold, D. K. Anal. Chem., 1984,56, 62-67. (10) Schultz, J. S. U.S. Patent 43 444 38, 1982

(11) Giuliani, J. F.; Wohltjen, H.; Jarvis, N. L. Opt. Lett. 1983,8, 54-56.

FITTINGS for LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

Rudolf Seitz received his PhD from MIT in 1970. After working at the EPA's Southeast Environmental Re­ search Laboratory and at the Univer­ sity of Georgia, he joined the faculty of the University of New Hampshire in 1976. Although his earlier research dealt with chemiluminescence, he is now primarily interested in fluores­ cence and the development of optical sensors.

Roger Adams: Scientist and Statesman by D. Stanley Tarbell and Ann Tracy Tarbell Examines the life of Roger Adams — a man unparalleled in his contribution to the development of organic chemistry.

A comprehensive biographical s k e t c h of R o g e r A d a m s , w h o s e w o r k w a s i m p o r t a n t in the d e v e l o p m e n t of American chemistry and chemical e d u c a t i o n . A d a m s ' s early y e a r s , e d u ­ c a t i o n , a n d c a r e e r a c h i e v e m e n t s in a c a d e m i a , industry, r e s e a r c h , a n d government are described. CONTENTS Introduction · Early Years and College · Germany and Harvard. 1 9 1 2 - 1 6 · Illinois, 1916-26 · Academic Progress · Service and Research to 1942 · Government Service, 1940-48 · Illinois and Research, 1943-67 · Broader Horizons · Career Achievements of Roger Adams's Ph.D.s, 1918-58 · Career Achievements of Roger Adams s Postdoctorates, 1936-59 240 pages (1981) Clothbound US & Canada $13.95 Export $16.95 LC 81-17625 ISBN 0-8412-0598-1

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CIRCLE 210 ON READER SERVICE CARD 34 A · ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 56, NO. 1, JANUARY 1984

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