RESEARCH
Jos ehemists^Âoâie. neversatisfied..
Photograph Courtesy of the Fleischmann Laboratories. Standard Brands Incorporated
S&S Analytical Filter Papers make possible new standards of precision New techniques in industry now demand added precision in the analytical laboratory —especially in quality control. S & S Analytical Filter Papers offer unique and exclusive advantages to the chemist who is never satisfied. FOR QUANTITATIVE GRADES — less than
0.007% ash; 97-98% alpha cellulose content, FOR ALL GRADES—Standardization for consistent accuracy. Selection from a wide range of types. Every year many chemists who were once satisfied with other brands standardize their procedure on S & S Analytical Filter Papers for consistent accuracy lot after lot, large selection of grades, and the confidence that goes with using the finest. And the finest costs no more. Even if you are satisfied with your present filtration products, you owe it to yourself and your work to try S & S Analytical Filter Papers and filtration specialties and compare. Send for the free S&S Analysis Kit sampler described below. It costs you nothing, and there is no obligation. F R E E A n a l y s i s Kit
Rubber Takes to the Atoni Goodyear's fully equipped radiation lab to use cobalt6 0 in studies of rubber XVUBBERS that perform satisfactorily i n a radiation environment are one of the aims of a $125,000 radiation laboratory Goodyear Tire a n d Rubber has a d d e d to its main research facilities in Akron, Ohio. Goodyear calls it the first fully equipped radiation laboratory of its kind in the rubber industry. Rubber is very susceptible to radiation, excessive doses usually leading to hardening a n d embrittlement. Goodyear scientists will look for the most favorable compounding practices and for additives to improve radiation resistance, as well as resistance to heat and oils. O n e of the objectives of this aspect of the research will b e tires for atomic-powered aircraft. T h e research program will also study initiation of chemical reactions, polymerization, and vulcanization of rubber by radiation. Through radiation, it may b e possible to add monomers t o a polymer already formed, giving a rubber with special properties. Another possibility: T h e monomer might b e selected to a c t as a lubricant in t h e rubber, resulting in less internal friction and low heat generation from flexing. Radiation will also b e studied as a way of improving physical properties of other Goodyear products such as plastics and resins.
• The Cave. T h e radioactive source - 2 1 0 0 curies of cobalt-60 from Chalk River, Ont.—is housed in a heavily shielded area called t h e cave. A labyrinth with 4-foot w i d e aisles provides access to t h e cave. This design eliminates a cumbersome shielding door. The source rests in t h e cave in concrete and aluminum well, providing enough water shield for safe operation. T h e source can be raised by an elevator into an aluminum housing atop t h e well for experiments or lowered to t h e bottom for storage. Samples to be irradiated can b e placed in t h e center of t h e housing for more intense radiation or throughout the cave around t h e housing. This arrangement removes practically all limits on the size and number of samples which can b e subjected to radiation at one time. Goodyear claims several advantages for this method: It avoids remote manipulation. With underwater operations, samples must b e packaged in water-tight containers. Also, says Goodyear, full effects of radiation cannot be obtained with large samples under water b e cause of its shielding characteristics.
Printing Paper Research T h e graphic arts industry is highly developed, highly capitalized, and on the verge of great expansion, yet t h e word research is almost unknown in the industry. Some of the first research on finding o u t h o w t h e customer actually uses t h e end product—printing
Sampler with large assortment of 11 cm circles in wide selection of grades. Several quantitative papers included in sampler also are available sheets or strips for chromatography and electro\ phoresis.
Carl S c h l e i c h e r & S c h u e l l C o . K e e n e , N e w H a m p s h i r e , D e p t . C-126 Please send FREE S & S Analysis Kit SAMPLER. (Name)
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•DAIsosend FREE S&S Quick Reference Catalog.
6182
C&EN
DEC.
17, 1 9 5 6
Tread hardness of tires exposed to gamma rays is tested by S. D . G e h m a n , h e a d of Goodyear Tire'* radiation research pro gam. The tire was irradiated by raising the cobalt-60 source into t h e aluminum housing in the center of t h e tire
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RESEARCH
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Examine ! 2-Nitropropane CHaCHNOaCHs
papers—is now going on at West Vir ginia Pulp and Paper C o / s develop ment laboratory at Williamsburg, Pa. Work at the n e w lab will cover t h e re lationship of paper to» t h e printing processes; the primary goal i s developmenl of new and better printing papers, with initial emphasis on label papers. Heading the laboratory i s William C. Walker, formerly of t h e National Printing Ink Research Institute a t Le high University. Working with him are two more chemists—D. Robert Isenberg and Joseph H. Cummings—and two pressmen. The laboratory is equipped with two specially selected high speed presses. Special devices and techniques are b e ing developed so that the important printing variables can be carefully con trolled. Chemical, physical, and photomicrographic labs are included i n the facilities. The entire laboratory is equipped with an air conditioning system capable of a wide range of temperature and humidity.
New Sights on Arthritis Latest hormone go-round hopes to outdo today's most potent arthritis drugs NEW
Samples of many Nitroparaffins and derivatives available for study. 2-Nitropropane is one of many versatile Nitroparaffins and derivatives now avail able in commercial quantity for industry. 2-Nitropropane has been found useful as a solvent, raw material, and fuel additive in many industries including chemical manufacturing, rubber products, and paints, varnishes and lacquers. Learn how the NP's and derivatives may be of help in improving your present product or in cre ating new products.
STEROID HORMONES that
show
more promise than those n o w available are being lined up for a n e w attack o n arthritis. In the assault are American Cyanamid, Upjohn, and Squibb. Their secret: "Tailor-made" cortisone cousins with fewer side effects than present materials. All three companies have come to new steroids through modifications of existing products. Main purpose of the work is to come up with a steroid showing less and less side effects than those now used in arthritis therapy. Prednisone and prednisolone solve the salt retention problem common to earlier arthritis drugs. But there is still room for improvement via products with less loss of nitrogen a n d calcium
Cyanamid
and also something without gastroin testinal eflFects. Actually, potency is of secondary consideration—although a nice property to get as a bonus. That Cyanamid's name is in the line-up is significant, for it marks the company's entrance into t h e steroid field. Cyanamid's product is the 16hydroxy derivative of 9 a-fluorohydrocortisone, or triamcinolone ( Cyanamid's trade name—Orion). I n clinical trials, trinmcinolone is at least as effective as prednisone or r>rednisolone, perhaps better (C&EN, Dec. 3, page 5 9 1 5 ) . Like the "pred" drugs, it shows no salt and water retention side eflFects, something quite pronounced with corti sone or hydrocortisone. Important too is the negligible loss of nitrogen and calcium in the clinical trials, again a serious problem with cortisone and hy drocortisone but a minor effect from "pred" usage. Animal liver glycogen assays at Cy anamid's Lederle Labs show Orion is from 15 to 36 times more potent than hydrocortisone, or roughly four to nine times more potent than prednisone or prednisolone. All told, these results are good, but it will b e at least six months before the final role of Orion is known. • Upiohn and Squibb, Too. U p john's new steroid, 6-methyl-A-l-hydro cortisone (6-methyl prednisolone), is known as Medrol. Animal liver glyco gen assays by the oral method have been encouraging, showing the com pound to be about 16 times more po tent than hydrocortisone, says Upjohn. This translates to around three or four times more potent than prednisone. There is no salt retention in animals. Again, it will b e about six months be fore anything concrete is known about MedroFs future. Squibb's compound is a 21-fluoro modification of 9 a-fiuoroprednisolone. Animal tests show the material is 10 to 15 times more potent than hydrocor tisone, or three to four times more po tent than prednisone. There is no salt retention.
Squibb
Upjohn
NITROPARAFFINS Industrial Chemicals Department COMMERCIAL SOLVENTS CORP. 260 Madison Ave., Ν. Υ. 16, Ν . Υ. Please send m e a detailed d a t a sheet and sample of 2-Nitroproi>itne plus information on other Nitroparaffins.
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