Science and the Law: How the Communication of ... - ACS Publications

Dec 7, 2015 - Subject Index. E. Engineered nanomaterials, ecotoxicology,. 123 background and context, 126. nTiO2, scanning electron microscope image, ...
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Subject Index

Downloaded by 80.82.77.83 on December 30, 2017 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date (Web): November 20, 2015 | doi: 10.1021/bk-2015-1207.ix002

E

children aged 4–10 years, risk management approaches, 168 discussion and conclusions, 169 determining ULs, scientific nutritional risk assessments, 170 food fortification practices, 170 excessive intakes and deficiency, balancing risks, 167 fortified foods, amounts of vitamins and minerals, 163 introduction, 154 certain essential nutrients, risk of adverse effects, 154t nutritional risk analysis, principles dietary intake assessment, 157 established ULs, comparison, 159t international scientific nutrient risk assessments, 158 nutritional risk assessment, 155 scientific risk assessment, principles, 156t ULs and SULs, 160 nutritional risk management and communications, 161 Codex Alimentarius Commission, 162 upper intake levels, issues, 161t risk management models, examples food fortification, proposed model, 164 food fortification, theoretical model, 163 food supplements, proposed MLs, 165t International Alliance of Dietary Supplements Associations, 166

Engineered nanomaterials, ecotoxicology, 123 background and context, 126 nTiO2, scanning electron microscope image, 127f ecotoxicology studies, 134 biological responses, examples, 144f environmentally relevant nTiO2 ecotoxicology results, summary, 136t experimental treatments, 135 minimum nTiO2 concentrations, cumulative frequency, 141f nTiO2 concentrations, cumulative frequency, 142f nTiO2 ecotoxicology research, advancement, 143 environmental concentrations, 127 aquatic systems, measured nTiO2 concentrations, 129t aquatic systems, model nTiO2 concentrations, 133 aquatic systems, predicted nTiO2 concentrations, 130t direct measurement investigations, 128 introduction, 124 contemporary ecotoxicology research, objectives, 125 measurement technologies, 145 next-generation nTiO2 quantification methods, 146

F G FDA’s communication, 69 e-cigarettes, tobacco products, 75 introduction modified risk tobacco products, 70 Swedish match MRTP application, 71 key terms and concepts harm reduction, 73 nicotine, 72 risk continuum, 74 MRTP application, 76 Zeller, Mitch, public statements, 74 Fortified foods and food (dietary) supplements, 153

Government policy, impact of the communication of science enlightenment, age, 17 learned societies, 18 social contract, 18 horizontal and vertical integration, 20 illegal drug policy case study 3, 24 informed public, role, 25 modern medicine, 21 case study 1, 22 case study 2, 23

197 Town and Currano; Science and the Law: How the Communication of Science Affects Policy Development in the Environment, ... ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2015.

nutrition and health policy implementation, 30 public health messages, examples, 37 scientific reporting, integrity, 32 vitamin D and public health outcomes, 39 World Health Organization (WHO) policy, 31

policy-making, role of science, 25 summary, 26 United Kingdom government, policies, 18

Downloaded by 80.82.77.83 on December 30, 2017 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date (Web): November 20, 2015 | doi: 10.1021/bk-2015-1207.ix002

I Indirect land use change (ILUC), 95 ILUC modeling, development Amazon deforestation, rates, 99f ILUC modeling, 100 land use change emissions, 98 LCA, 97 official rulemaking, ILUC framed current carbon intensity scores, 102f global trade analysis project (GTAP), 105 LCFS, overview, 101 policy-making process, 102 regulatory staff, framing of ILUC, 104 University of California (UC), framing of ILUC, 103 public comments, ILUC framed, 106 absent frames, 117 argumentation, 110 delay for study, 108 exclude agrofuels, 107 ILUC knowledge framing, certainty versus uncertainty, 112 normative framing, 114 ontological framing, 116 oppose accounting, 115 oppose ILUC accounting, 108 overall policy stance, 107 scientific evidence, use, 109 scientific information, type, 111t scientific uncertainty, 113 support ILUC accounting, 107 technical input, 109

N Nutrition science, consumer communication, 29 commercial communications, European regulation, 34 conclusions, 41 food labels, health claims, 33 health claims, Europe, 35 permitted nutrient function health claims, examples, 36t long chain omega-3 fatty acids, cardiovascular benefits, 40

R Regulatory science, role clinical studies, 62 computational toxicology, use, 56 exposure priority assignments, margin, 57t toxicant yields, estimates, 58t introduction, 47 epidemiological studies, 48 population effects modelling, 63 regulatory science research agenda, 64 risk continuum, placing products, 49 British American tobacco continuum, 50f tobacco and tobacco smoke, 51 commercial cigarettes, 53 tobacco, harmful constituents, 52f toxicant data, summary, 54t toxicants, list, 55 toxicological testing strategies, 59 cigarette smoke, cytotoxicity, 61f DNA damage, carcinogenic process, 60

S Science, communication broader aspects, 14 ethics in science, European group, 13 policy development Chomsky’s propaganda model, 10 manufacturing consent, 10 prostitute state, 8 science, misconceptions, 3 science and society, public“s and scientists“ views, 3 science communication, relevance, 11 science communication channels, 4 science communication cycle, 5 scientific integrity, 12 social media, role, 6 reddit science, 7 reddit science, goal, 7

198 Town and Currano; Science and the Law: How the Communication of Science Affects Policy Development in the Environment, ... ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2015.

Downloaded by 80.82.77.83 on December 30, 2017 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date (Web): November 20, 2015 | doi: 10.1021/bk-2015-1207.ix002

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antiretroviral drugs, short history, 176 clinical aspects, 187 competition, 187 consider the challenges, 178 atripla active ingredients, chemical structures, 178f disease progression, 177 dissolution methods, 184 enter PEPFAR, 179 HIV drug formulations, improved convenience, 179f FDA, online information, 185 FDA and PEPFAR interactions FDA and manufacturer interactions, 182 Office of New Drug Products, information requests, 184f Office of New Drug Products, types of questions, 183f FDA’s point of view, PEPFAR, 179 CMC section, 181f policy, communication and the development, 181 review process works, 180 future, forecasting, 187 products, marketing applications, 186 21st century, problem, 177 two-way street, 186

Tobacco harm reduction, case, 79 changing environment, 85 standardized analytical methods, need, 87f tobacco regulatory science, emerging discipline, 86 changing industry, 87 product risk continuum, British American tobacco, 87f ethical considerations, 89 tobacco companies reearch, prohibiting publication, 90 good science, critical need, 85 public health, dilemma, 83 blogosphere, 84 tobacco harm reduction, potential, 81 nicotine harm continuum, 82f tobacco, potentially harmful constitutents, 83f tobacco industry, bans on research, 88

U United States President’s Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)

199 Town and Currano; Science and the Law: How the Communication of Science Affects Policy Development in the Environment, ... ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2015.