Stereocontrolled Syntheses of Carbocyclic C-Nucleosides and

Syntheses of natural carbocyclic and C-nucleoside analogues have been inspired by their interesting biologi- cal activities as well as by their chemic...
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Stereocontrolled Syntheses of Carbocyclic C-Nucleosides and Related Compounds Byoung K. Chun, Gyu Y. Song, and Chung K. Chu* Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 [email protected] Received February 28, 2001

Carbocyclic 9-deazapurine nucleosides (1-4), a spiranic pyrimidone carbocyclic compound (5), and an unusual carbocyclic isonucleoside (6) were prepared as enantiomerically pure compounds via the key intermediates 10 and 21 from 1,4-γ-ribonolactone. The key intermediate 10 was prepared by stereoselective reduction with Bu3SnH and then converted to carbocyclic C-ribonucleosides 1, 3, and 4. 2′,3′-Didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxycarbocyclic 9-deazainosine (2) was prepared from a 2′,3′dimesylate 17 by treatment with Li2Te followed by an acidic deprotection. The key bicyclic intermediate 21 was prepared from a diol 20 by an intramolecular cyclization using CHI3-Ph3Pimidazole and converted to the spiranic compound 5 and an olefinic nucleoside 6 by the construction of the heterocyclic moiety followed by deprotection. Introduction Syntheses of natural carbocyclic and C-nucleoside analogues have been inspired by their interesting biological activities as well as by their chemical and enzymatic stability. C-Nucleosides are a unique class of nucleosides in which the heterocycle is connected to a sugar moiety by a C-C bond instead of the C-N bond of the natural nucleosides. As a result, they are resistant to the chemical and the enzymatic hydrolytic cleavage of the glycosidic bond. C-Nucleosides have received considerable attention due not only to the chemical stability but also to the interesting biological activities of naturally occurring compounds such as showdomycin, formycins, oxazinomycin, pyrazomycin, etc.1 Also, several biologically active synthetic C-nucleosides such as pseudoisocytidine,2 thiazofurin,3 and 9-deazaadenosine4 have been reported. These C-nucleosides have shown both antitumor and antiviral activities. Carbocyclic nucleosides are another class of metabolically stable nucleosides in which a methylene group replaces the oxygen in the furan ring of the natural nucleosides. The biologically active carbocyclic nucleosides such as aristeromycin5 and neplanocin6,7 were isolated from microorganisms and were found

to possess various interesting biological activities including antiviral and antitumor activity. The synthetic carbocyclic nucleosides, abacavir,8 BMS-200475,9 and lobucavir,10 also show promising antiviral activities. Abacavir has recently been approved by the FDA as an anti-HIV agent. On the basis of these interesting chemical and biological properties of C-nucleosides and carbocyclic nucleosides, it was of interest to synthesize hybrid nucleosides, carbocyclic C-nucleosides (Figure 1). Although some carbocyclic and C-nucleosides are naturally occurring, so far no natural carbocyclic C-nucleosides have been reported. The history of synthesis of carbocyclic C-nucleosides dates back to the 1960s.11 Despite the long history of both carbocyclic and C-nucleosides, only a few carbo-

* Corresponding author tel: 706-542-5379; fax: 706-542-5381. (1) Buchanan, J. G. Fortschr. Chem. Org. Naturst. 1983, 44, 243312. (2) Burchenal, J. H.; Ciovacco, K.; Kalaher, K.; O’Toole, T.; Kiefner, R.; Dowing, M. D.; Chu, C. K.; Watanabe, K. A.; Wempen, I.; Fox, J. J. Cancer Res. 1976, 36, 1520-1523. (3) (a) Fuertes, M.; Garcia-Lopez, T.; Garcia-Munoz, E.; Stud, M. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 4074-4077. (b) Srivastava, P. C.; Pickering, M. V.; Allen, L. B.; Streeter, D. G.; Camplbell, M. T.; Witkowski, J. T.; Sidwell, R. W.; Robins, R. K. J. Med. Chem. 1977, 20, 256-262. (4) (a) Chu, M. Y.; Zuckerman, L. B.; Sato, S.; Crabtree, G. W.; Bogden, A. E.; Lim, M.-I.; Klein, R. S. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1984, 33, 1229-1234. (b) Zimmerman, T. P.; Deeprose, R. D.; Wolberg, G.; Stopford, C. R.; Duncan, G. S.; Miller, W. H.; Miller, R. L.; Lim, M.-I.; Ren, W.-Y.; Klein, R. S. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1983, 32, 1211-1217. (5) Kusaka, T.; Yamamoto, H.; Shibata, M.; Muroi, M.; Kishi, T.; Mizuno, K. J. Antibiot. 1968, 21, 255-263. (6) Yaginuma, S.; Muto, N.; Tsujino, M.; Sudate, Y.; Hayashi, M.; Otani, M. J. Antibiot. 1981, 34, 359-366. (7) Hayashi, M.; Yaginuma, S.; Muto, N.; Tsujino, M. Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser. 1980, No. 8, S65-67.

(8) Daluge, S. M.; Good, S. S.; Faletto, M. B.; Miller, W. H.; St Clair, M. H.; Boone, L. R.; Tisdale, M.; Parry, N. R.; Reardon, J. E.; Dornsife, R. E.; Averett, D. R.; Krenitsky, T. A. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1997, 41, 1082-1093. (9) (a) Bisacchi, G. S.; Chao, S. T.; Bachard, C.; Daris, J. P.; Innaimo, S.; Jacobs, G. A.; Kocy, O.; Lapointe, P.; Martel, A.; Merchant, Z.; Slusarchyk, W. A.; Sundeen, J. E.; Youg, M. G.; Colonno, R.; Zahler, R. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1997, 7, 127-132. (b) Colonno, R. J.; Innaimo, S. F.; Seifer, M.; Genovesi, E.; Clark, J.; Yamanaka, R.; Hamatake, B.; Terry, B.; Standring, D.; Bisacchi, G.; Sundeen, J.; Zahler, R. Abstracts of 10th Conference on Antiviral Research, Atlanta, 1997; Vol. 34, A51, p 32. (10) (a) Hayashi, S.; Norbeck, D. W.; Rosenbrook, W.; Fine, R. L.; Matsukura, M.; Plattner, J. J.; Broder, S.; Mitsuya, H. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1990, 34, 287-294. (b) Maruyama, T.; Hanai, Y.; Sato, Y.; Snoeck, R.; Andrei, G.; Hosoya, M.; Balzarini, J.; De Clercq, E. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1993, 41, 516-521. (c) Maruyama, T.; Sato, Y.; Horri, T.; Shiota, H.; Nitta, K.; Sirasaka, T.; Mitsuya, H.; Honjo, M. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1990, 38, 2719-2725. (d) Yokota, T.; Konno, K.; Chonan, E.; Mochizuki, S.; Kojima, K.; Shigeta, S.; De Clercq, E. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1990, 34, 1326-1330.

Figure 1. Structure of carbocyclic C-nucleoside.

10.1021/jo010224f CCC: $20.00 © 2001 American Chemical Society Published on Web 06/14/2001

Carboxylic C-Nucleosides and Related Compounds

Figure 2. Structure of target compounds 1-6.

cyclic C-nucleosides have been synthesized,12 probably due to the synthetic difficulties of these nucleosides. Although no significant biological activities have been observed so far, it was of interest to explore further the carbocyclic C-nucleosides because most of the hitherto known carbocyclic C-nucleosides possess only unnatural heterocyclic moieties. Furthermore, many of them have been synthesized as racemic mixtures, probably due to the synthetic difficulties. Therefore, enantiomeric synthesis of the carbocyclic C-nucleosides would be synthetically challenging and biologically interesting. Also, during our synthetic studies, we observed some interesting chemistry. On the basis of our findings herein, we report the synthesis of a novel purine carbocyclic C-nucleoside, 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxyinosine; a spiranic carbocyclic C-nucleoside; and an unsaturated nucleoside as enantiomerically pure forms (Figure 2). Preliminary results for the synthesis of the adenosine derivative have been previously reported.13 Results and Discussion For the synthesis of various carbocyclic C-nucleosides, we utilized the key intermediate 1013 as a chiral starting material, which was stereoselectively prepared by Bu3SnH-AIBN reduction of the olefinic intermediate 9, obtained by treating the ketone 813,14 with ethyl cyanoacetate and potassium tert-butoxide in EtOH in 76% yield (Scheme 1). Several reduction conditions from 9 to 10 were investigated, of which the Bu3SnH method provided the best result in terms of obtaining the desired β product 10.13 Thus, treatment of 9 with Bu3SnH-AIBN in benzene with refluxing conditions gave the desired β isomer 10 with high stereoselectivity (10/11 ) 7/1) in 62% yield. Although Bu3SnH reduction of R,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds is well-known,15 few studies on the regioselectivity of the reaction have been reported. The (11) Fissekis, J. D.; Market Creegan, B. J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 3595-3603. (12) (a) Katagiri, N.; Haneda, T.; Kaneko, C. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1986, 34, 4875-4878. (b) Katagiri, N.; Haneda, T.; Hayasaka, E.; Watanabe, N.; Kaneko, C. J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 226-227. (c) Katagiri, N.; Nomura, M.; Kaneko, C. Heterocycles 1990, 30, 211-215. (d) Katagiri, N.; Tomura, M.; Haneda, T.; Kaneko, C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 1422-1423. (e) Coockson, R. C.; Dufield, P. J.; Scopes, D. I. C. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1986, 393-398. (f) Saksena, A. K.; Ganguly, A. K. Tetrahedron 1982, 22, 5227-5230. (g) Takahashi, T.; Kotsubo, H.; Koizumi, T. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1991, 2, 1035-1040. (h) Dishington, A. P.; Humber, D. C.; Stoodley, R. J. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1993, 57-65. (i) Hildbrand, S.; Leuman, C.; Scheffold, R. Helv. Chim. Acta 1996, 79, 702-709. (13) Chun, B. K.; Chu, C. K. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 3309-3312. (14) (a) Wolfe, M. S.; Borcherding, D. R.; Borchardt, R. T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1989, 30, 1453-1456. (b) Ali, S. M.; Ramesh, K.; Borchardt, R. T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1990, 31, 1509-1512.

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regioselectivity of the radical reduction 9 to 10 may be explained by a thermodynamically stable transition state in which the 5-substituent and the isopropylidene group are in a trans relationship to minimize the sterically unfavorable interactions between the two groups. The stereochemistry of each isomer was determined by NOESY experiments.13 The NaBH4 and H2-Pd/C methods produced more R isomer as the major product because of the stereoelectronic effects of the isopropylidene group, which is consistent with previously reported results.16,17 The carbocyclic 9-deazainosine (1) was prepared in four steps from 10. The intermediate 10 was converted to the enamine 12 by DIBALH reduction followed by treating H2NCH2CO2Et‚HCl in MeOH. N-protection of 12 with ethyl chloroformate and DBU in CH2Cl2 followed by cyclization with NaOEt gave the pyrrole derivative 13 in 41% yield from 10. Treatment of 13 with H2NCd NH‚HOAc gave the protected 9-deazainosine (14), which was deprotected with aqueous CF3CO2H to afford the target compound, carbocyclic 9-deazainosine (1) in 68% yield. The 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxycarbocyclic 9-deazainosine (2) was prepared in four steps from 14. The isopropylidene group of 14 was selectively deprotected with dilute HCl in MeOH to give the 2′,3′-diol 15 in 72% yield (Scheme 1). Various reductive eliminations of 2′,3′vicinal diols have been reported.18-23 Among them, several possible synthetic approaches to the olefinic nucleoside 2 including the direct conversion of vicinal diol, reductive elimination of cyclic thionocarbonate, and vicinal dimesylate were investigated. To provide the appropriate intermediate for the reductive elimination, the diol 15 was converted to the cyclic thionocarbonate 16 by treating it with thiocarbonyldiimidazole in refluxing toluene or the dimesylate 17 by treating it with MsCl in pyridine. Direct conversion of the diol 15 with I2PPh3-imidazole22 and reductive olefination of the cyclic thiocarbonate 16 with trimethyl phosphite to 18 resulted in poor yields. However, Li2Te reduction of the mesylate 17 gave the desired olefinic carbocyclic C-nucleoside 18 in 65% yield.21 Deprotection of 18 with aqueous CF3CO2H afforded the target compound, 2, in 60% yield. For the synthesis of carbocyclic 9-deazaguanosine (3), we utilized the pyrrole 13 as the intermediate. Treatment of 13 with N-benzoylisothiocyanate and MeI, followed by treating with NH3(g) in a steel bomb at 95 °C, gave the protected carbocyclic 9-deazaguanosine (19) in 57% yield. (15) Pereyre, M., Quintard, J.-P., Rahm, A., Eds. In Tin in Organic Synthesis; Butterworths: London, 1987; Chapter 7, p 114 and references therein. (16) Xie, M.; Berges, D. A.; Robins, M. J. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 5178-5179. (17) Huber, R.; Vasella, A. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 33-58. (18) Dudycz, L. W. Nucleosides Nucleotides 1989, 8, 35-41. (19) Chu, C. K.; Bhadti, V. S.; Doboszewski, B.; Gu, Z. P.; Kosugi, Y.; Pullaiah, K. C.; Van Roey, P. J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 2217-2225. (20) (a) Jang, D. O.; Joo, Y.-H. Synlett 1977, 279-280 and references therein. (b) Robins, M. J.; Lewandowska, E.; Wunk, S. F. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 7375-7381 and references therein. (21) Clive, D. L. J.; Wickens, P. L.; Sgarbi, P. W. M. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 7426-7437. (22) Luzzio, F. A.; Menes, M. E. J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 7267-7272. (23) Wang, P.; Gullen, B.; Newton, G. M.; Cheng, Y.-C.; Shinazi, R. F.; Chu, C. K. J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 3390-3399 and references therein. (24) (a) Aoyagi, M.; Minakawa, N.; Matsuda, A. Tetrahedron Lett. 1993, 34, 103-106. (b) Marquez, V. E.; Ezzitouni, A.; Russ, P.; Siddiqui, M. A.; Ford, H., Jr.; Feldman, R. J.; Mitsuya, H.; George, C.; Barchi, J. J., Jr. Nucleosides Nucleotides 1998, 17, 1881-1884. (c) Marquez, V. E.; Ezzitouni, A. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1997, 1073-1078. (25) Zhang, J.; Clive, D. L. J. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 1754-1757.

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Chun et al. Scheme 1a

a Key: (a) NCCH CO Et, KOt-Bu, EtOH, 1 h. (b) 1: DIBAL-H, Et O, -78 °C, 10 min. 2: H NCH CO Et‚HCl, MeOH, 2 h. (c) 1: ClCO Et, 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 DBU, CH2Cl2, 2 h. 2: NaOMe, MeOH, 40 min. (d) HC(dNH)NH2‚HOAc, EtOH, reflux, 4 days. (e) CF3CO2H/H2O (2:1, v/v), 50 °C, 3 h. (f) c-HCl, MeOH, rt, 2 h. (g) CS(Im)2, toluene, reflux, 1 h. (h) MsCl, pyridine, rt, 4 h. (i) Ph3P, CHI3, Im, CH3CN, toluene, DMF, reflux, 12 h. (j) (MeO)3P, 140 °C, 4 h. (k) Te, Et3BHLi, THF, 50 °C, 7 h. (l) 1: BzNdCdS, CH2Cl2. 2: MeI, DBN. 3: NH3/MeOH, 90 °C, 16 h.

Deprotection of 19 with aqueous CF3CO2H gave the target compound, 3, in 68% yield. Preparation of the carbocyclic 9-deazaadenosine (4) was previously reported by our group as a communication.13 As part of the investigation for the unsaturated carbocyclic C-nucleosides, the diol 20, obtained from 10, was subjected to I2-PPh3-imidazole22 to prepare the unsaturated nucleosides such as 2 (Scheme 2). From this reaction, however, we obtained the spiro intermediate 21, 6-cyanobicyclic[3.1.0]hexane-6-carboxylic acid methyl ester, in 20% yield instead of an expected 1,2-olefinic compound. This bicyclic intermediate 21 was probably generated from an intramolecular SN2′′-type cyclization reaction involving the cyanoacetate moiety and the 2-hydroxy group under the reaction conditions as shown in Scheme 2. The structure was determined based on 1-D and 2-D NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The chemical behavior of 21 also supported the proposed structure; DIBALH reduction of the ethoxycarbonyl group of 21 gave a sharp aldehyde peak as a singlet

at 9.3 ppm without any indication of enolization in the NMR spectrum, which indicated that the aldehyde possesses a quaternary R-carbon. The stereochemistry shown at the quaternary R-carbon of the ethoxycarbonyl moiety is proposed based on the steric effect of the bulkier side chain, the ethoxycarbonyl group, which may protrude outward as shown in the structure of 21. This assignment was supported by a NOESY spectrum where there was no NOE between the protons of the ethoxycarbonyl group and the methylene protons of the tert-butoxymethyl side chain. As the bicyclic compound 21 can be utilized as an intermediate for the novel nucleosides such as conformationally restricted nucleosides,24 we tried to improve the reaction condition (I2-PPh3-imidazole), which had originally been used for the preparation of an unsaturated compound from vicinal diols. The replacement of I2 with iodoform (CHI3) significantly improved the yield up to 75% (Scheme 2, c route). However, the Mitsunobu reaction failed to give any detectable amount of the bicyclic compound 21. To our best knowledge, this is

Carboxylic C-Nucleosides and Related Compounds

J. Org. Chem., Vol. 66, No. 14, 2001 4855 Scheme 2a

a Key: (a) HCl, EtOH, rt, 3 h. (b) PPh , I , Im, CH CN-benzene, 50 °C, 2 h. (c) PPh , CHI , Im, CH CH, 50 °C, 10 h. (d) DEAD, PPh , 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 THF, rt or 50 °C. (e) DHP, PPTs, rt, 2 h. (f) Guanidine hydrochloride, DBN, EtOH, reflux, 20 min. (g) CF3CO2H/H2O (2:1, v/v), 50 °C, 4 h. (h) Guanidine hydrochloride, NaOEt, EtOH, reflux, 4 h.

probably the first example of an application of CHI3PPh3-imidazole25 for the preparation of a cyclopropane derivative from a vicinal diol. After the improvement of the cyclopropanation preparation, the bicyclic intermediate 21 was used for the preparation of the conformationally fixed spiranic compound (Scheme 2). To achieve the synthesis of our target compound 5, the intermediate 21 was protected with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (DHP) to give the intermediate 22 in 82% yield. Treatment of 22 with

guanidine hydrochloride in the presence of DBN gave 23 under short refluxing conditions (ca. 20 min) in 42% yield, which was also found to undergo an elimination reaction to generate the olefinic diaminopyrimidone nucleoside 25. Meanwhile, replacing DBN with a stronger base, sodium ethoxide, resulted in the unsaturated product 25 as a major product in 35% yield. The olefinic product 25 appears to be generated from E2 elimination of 22. Deprotection of 23 and 24 with aqueous CF3CO2H gave

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spiranic compound 5 and olefinic nucleoside 6, respectively. The anti-HIV activity of synthesized nucleosides was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells. None of them showed any significant antiviral activity. In summary, we have developed synthetic methodologies for the appropriately functionalized carbocyclic intermediate 10 as well as the bicyclic carbocyclic intermediate 21, both of which were successfully utilized for the syntheses of various carbocyclic C-nucleosides.

Experimental Section Melting points were determined on a Mel-temp II apparatus and are uncorrected. NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker 400 AMX spectrometer at 400 (1H) and 100 MHz (13C) in the indicated solvents. Optical rotations were measured on a Jasco DIP-370 digital polarimeter. Mass spectra were recorded on a Micromass Autospec high-resolution mass spectrometer in FAB mode. TLC was performed on Uniplates (silica gel) purchased from Analtech Co. Column chromatography was performed using either silica gel 60 (220-400 mesh) for flash column chromatography or silica gel G (TLC grade, 400 mesh) for vacuum flash column chromatography. UV spectra were obtained on a Beckman DU 650 spectrophotometer. Elemental analyses were performed by Atlantic Microlab, Inc. Numbering of nucleosides was done according to the convention for that of usual nucleosides. Ethyl (2R/S,1′S,2′R,3′R,5′S)-2-(3′-tert-Butoxymethyl-1′,2′isopropylidene-dioxycyclopentan-5′-yl)-2-cyanoacetate (10) and Ethyl (2R/S,1′S,2′R,3′R,5′R)-2-(3′-tert-Butoxymethyl-1′,2′-isopropylidene-dioxycyclopentan-5′-yl)-2-cyanoacetate (11). Method 1. Potassium tert-butoxide (7.4 g, 66.0 mmol) was added to a solution of 8 (3.2 g, 13.20 mmol) and ethyl cyanoacetate (7.0 mL, 65.78 mmol) in ethanol (80 mL) at 0 °C. The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h. After the salt was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated to a residue, which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 3:1) to give 9 as a crude product. The crude product was dissolved in benzene (250 mL) and degassed with vacuum for 30 min, and then Bu3SnH (5 mL, 18.58 mmol) and ′AIBN (500 mg, 3.04 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 h. After being concentrated, a small amount of the residue was roughly purified by silica gel column chromatography to determine the 10/11 ratio (7:1, determined by NMR). The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 30:1) to give 10 (1.37 g, 41.3%) and 11 (0.19 g, 5.8%) as a syrup. Method 2. A mixture of 9 (500 mg, 1.48 mmol), 10% Pd/C (33 mg), and MeOH (20 mL) was stirred under a hydrogen balloon for 4 h. After being concentrated, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 30:1) to give 11 (232 mg, 46%) and 10 (194 mg, 39%). Method 3. NaBH4 (8 mg, 0.19 mmol) was slowly added to a solution of 9 (50 mg, 0.13 mmol) in EtOH (2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h. After being concentrated, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 10:1) to give 11 (37 mg, 72%) along with a small amount of 10 (10:11 ) 1/10, determined by NMR). Compound 10: 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 4.52-4.41 (m, 2H, H-1′,2′), 4.28 (m, 2H, OCH2CH3), 3.86 (d, 0.55H, J ) 6.94 Hz, CHCN), 3.77 (m, 0.45H, J ) 6.80 Hz, CHCN), 3.39 (m, 2H, H-6′), 2.60 (m, 1H, H-5′), 2.30 (m, 1H, H-3′), 2.23 (m, 1H, H-4′), 1.53 (m, 1H, H-4′′), 1.45-1.15 (m, 18H, OCH2CH3, (CH3) 2C, (CH3) 3C). FABMS (m/z): (M + H)+ 340. Anal. Calcd for C18H29NO5: C, 63.69; H, 8.61; N, 4.13. Found: C, 63.47; H, 8.52; N, 3.97. Compound 11: 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 4.70-4.48 (m, 2H, H-1′,2′), 4.28 (m, 2H, OCH2CH3), 3.72 (d, 0.6H, J ) 9.66 Hz, CHCN), 3.53 (m, 0.4H, J ) 10.78 Hz, CHCN), 3.24 (m, 2H, H-6′), 2.75 (m, 1H, H-5′), 2.26 (m, 1H, H-3′), 1.98-1.79 (m, 1H, H-4′), 1.45-1.15 (m, 19H, H-4′′, OCH2CH3, (CH3) 2C, (CH3) 3C). FABMS (m/z): (M + H)+ 340. Anal. Calcd for C18H29NO5: C, 63.69; H, 8.61; N, 4.13. Found: C, 63.75; H, 8.52; N, 3.95.

Chun et al. (1′S,2′R,3′R,5′S)-[3-Amino-4-(3′-tert-butoxymethyl-1′,2′isopropylidene-dioxycyclopentan-5′-yl)-1H-pyrrole]-2carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester (13). DIBALH (1 M in hexanes, 4.86 mL) was added to a solution of 10 (1.65 g, 4.86 mmol) in anhyd ethyl ether at -78 °C over 10 min. The resulting mixture was stirred for 10 min and quenched with MeOH (20 mL). After the solvent was removed, the solid cake was suspended in EtOAc-MeOH (20:1), stirred vigorously for 30 min, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to a residue, which was dissolved in MeOH (50 mL). Ethylglycinate hydrochloride (1.68 g, 12.0 mmol) and NaOAc‚3H2O (1.6 g, 11.6 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was evaporated slowly with a rotary evaporator to a white solid at rt and coevaporated with MeOH (50 mL, 3×) to complete the reaction. The obtained white solid was suspended in EtOAc (100 mL) and stirred for 20 min. After being filtered and concentrated, the residue was purified by flash silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 4:1 to 3:1) to give a glycinate, 12 (1.66 g, 89%), as a syrup. DBU (12 mL, 76.42 mmol) and ethyl chloroformate (4.4 mL, 46.02 mmol) were added to a solution of 12 (1.66 g, 4.34 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (100 mL) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt, washed with water (20 mL, 3×), and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified with 1% MeOH in CH2Cl2 and dissolved in EtOH (100 mL) containing NaOEt (6.5 mL, 1 M solution in MeOH). The reaction mixture was stirred for 40 min at rt and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 10:1 to 5:1) to give 13 (750 mg, 41% from 10) as a semisolid: [R]25D -32.08 (c 0.15, MeOH). 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 7.97 (s, 1H, HN-1), 6.49 (s, 1H, H-8), 4.79 (bs, 2H, HN2-3), 4.42 (m, 1H, H-2′), 4.28 (m, 3H, H-1′, CH3CH2O), 3.523.37 (m, 2H, H-6′), 2.98 (m, 1H, H-5′), 2.38 (m, 1H, H-3′), 2.24 (m, 1H, H-4′), 1.79-1.19 (m, 19H, H-4′′, (CH3)2C, CH3CH2O, (CH3) 3C). FABMS (m/z): (M + H)+ 381. Carbocyclic O-tert-Butyl-2′,3′-isopropylidene-9-deazainosine (14). A solution of 13 (200 mg, 0.53 mmol) and formamidine acetate (219 mg, 2.10 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was refluxed for 4 days and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes: EtOAc ) 30:1) to give 14 (155 mg, 81%) as a white solid that was recrystallized from EtOAc: mp 300 °C; [R]25D -46.12 (c 0.20, MeOH). UV (MeOH) λmax, nm: 235.0, 262.5. 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 7.90 (s, 1H, H-2), 7.24 (s, 1H, H-8), 4.84 (t, 1H, J ) 6.7 Hz, H-2′), 4.51 (t, 1H, J ) 4.6, 7.0 Hz, H-3′), 3.50 (m, 1H, H-6′), 3.39 (m, 2H, H-6′′, H-1′), 2.38 (m, 2H, H-4′, H-5′), 1.88 (m, 1H, H-5′′) 1.56 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.33 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.18 (s, 9H, (CH3) 3C). HRMS-FAB (m/z): (M + H)+ calcd for C19H28N3O4, 362.2079; found, 362.2076. Anal. Calcd for C19H27N3O4‚0.3EtOAc: C, 62.55; H, 7.64; N, 10.83. Found: C, 62.78; H, 7.79; N, 10.76. Carbocyclic 9-Deazainosine (1). A solution of 14 (200 mg, 0.55 mmol) in 8 mL of CF3CO2H-water (3:1, v/v) was stirred for 3 h at 50 °C and concentrated. The residue was coevaporated with toluene (5 mL, 4×) to give a yellowish oil (100 mg, 68%) that was washed with EtOAc and recrystallized from EtOAc-MeOH (5:1) to give 1 (30 mg, 20%) as a white crystal: mp 210 °C; [R]25D -39.38 (c 0.48, H2O). UV (MeOH) λmax, nm (): 234, 234.0 (27 615, pH 7), 230.5 (25 792, pH 11), 241.5 (27 815, pH 2). 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 11.81 (s, 1H, HN-1), 7.79 (s, 1H, H-2), 7.17 (d, 1H, J ) 2.4 Hz, H-8), 4.55 (bs, 1H, HO-), 4.52 (bs, 1H, HO-), 3.89 (dd, 1H, J ) 5.2, 8.3 Hz, H-2′), 3.74 (t, 1H, J ) 4.9 Hz, H-3′), 3.43 (dd, 1H, J ) 6.2, 10.6 Hz, H-6′), 3.35 (dd, 1H, J ) 6.3, 10.5 Hz, H-6′′), 3.13 (dd, 1H, J ) 8.2, 18.6 Hz, H-1′), 2.12 (m, 1H, H-5′), 1.99 (m, 1H, H-4′), 1.39 (m, 1H, H-5′′). HRMS-FAB (m/z): (M + H)+ calcd for C12H16N3O4, 266.1140; found, 266.1160. Anal. Calcd for C12H15N3O4: C, 54.33; H, 5.70; N, 15.84. Found: C, 54.42; H, 5.84; N, 15.75. Carbocyclic 2′,3′-Di-O-thionocarbonyl-O-tert-butyl-9deazainosine (16). Compound 14 (300 mg, 0.83 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH containing c-HCl (0.5 mL). The solution was stirred for 2 h at rt, neutralized with NaCO3 powder, and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 20:1) to give 15 (192 mg, 72%) as a white solid. A mixture of 15 (90 mg, 0.28 mmol)

Carboxylic C-Nucleosides and Related Compounds and thiocarbonyldiimidazole (108 mg, 0.61 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) was refluxed for 1 h and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 30:1 to 10:1) to give 16 (85 mg, 84%) as a syrup. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.82 (s, 1H, H-2), 7.38 (d, 1H, J ) 2.4 Hz, H-8), 5.42 (m, 1H, H-2′), 5.23 (m, 1H, H-3′), 3.353.44 (m, 3H, H-6′, H-1′), 2.20 (m, 1H, H-4′), 1.69 (m, 1H, H-5′), 1.16 (m, 1H, H-5′′). FABMS (m/z): (M + H)+ 364. Carbocyclic 5′-O-tert-Butyl-2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-didedeoxy-9-deazainosine (18). MsCl (0.15 mL, 1.93 mmol) was added to a solution of 15 (80 mg, 0.25 mmol) in anhyd pyridine. The resulting mixture was stirred for 4 h at rt and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 30:1 to 10:1) to give 17 (120 mg, 76%) as a syrup. Method 1 for 18: Lithium triethylborohydride solution (1.28 mL, 1 M solution in THF) was added to tellurium (82 mg, 0.64 mmol) in a three-neck flask equipped with a condenser at rt under nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred for 5 h at rt, and 17 (120 mg, 0.18 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 7 h at 50 °C and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 1:1) to give 18 (34 mg, 65%) as a white solid. Method 2 for 18: Imidazole (39 mg, 0.57 mmol), triphenylphosphine (282 mg, 1.07 mmol), and iodoform (0.54 mmol) were added to a suspension of 15 (90 mg, 0.28 mmol) in toluene-CH3CN-DMF (5, 2, and 1 mL, respectively) at rt. The resulting reaction mixture was refluxed for 12 h and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 1:1) to give 18 (4.4 mg, 17%) as a white solid. Method 3 for 18: A solution of 16 (80 mg, 0.22 mmol) in trimethyl phosphite (10 mL) was stirred for 4 h at 140 °C and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 1:1) to give 18 (9.5 mg, 15%) as a white solid: mp 183-185 °C. UV (MeOH) λmax, nm: 237, 263. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 11.81 (s, 1H, HN-1), 11.77 (s, 1H, HN-7), 7.76 (d, 1H, J ) 3.2 Hz, H-2), 6.94 (d, 1H, J ) 2.4 Hz, H-8), 5.83 (t, 1H, J ) 3.6 Hz, H-2′), 5.76 (t, 1H, J ) 3.6 Hz, H-3′), 4.17 (d, 1H, J ) 8.4 Hz, H-1′), 2.99 (t, 1H, J ) 8.4 Hz, H-6′), 2.97 (t, 1H, J ) 8.4 Hz, H-6′), 2.56 (m, 1H, H-4′), 2.38 (m, 1H, H-5′), 2.27 (m, 1H, H-5′′), 1.75 (s, 9H, (CH3)3C). 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 157.2, 146,7, 144.2, 137.1, 133.3, 128.7, 121.2, 119.6, 74.9, 65.8, 45.0, 39.2, 30.8, 30.5. FABMS (m/z): (M + H)+ 288. Carbocyclic 2′,3′-Didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxy-9-deazainosine (2). A solution of 18 (113 mg, 0.39 mmol) in 10 mL of CF3COOH-H2O (2/1, v/v) was stirred for 3 h at 50 °C and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was coevaporated with toluene to give a residue that was dissolved in MeOH (1 mL) and neutralized with triethylamine. After being concentrated, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 10:1) to give 2 (50 mg, 55%): mp 186-189 °C. UV λmax, nm (): 234.0 (28 038, pH 7), 230.5 (26 111, pH 11), 241.5 (27 925, pH 2). 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 11.86 (s, 1H, HN-1), 7.80 (s, 1H, H-2), 6.90 (s, 1H, H-8), 5.89 (m, 1H, H-2′), 5.79 (m, 1H, H-3′), 4.27 (t, 1H, J ) 4.1 Hz, HO-), 4.12 (m, 1H, H-1′), 3.06 (m, 1H, H-6′), 2.86 (m, 1H, H-6′′), 2.55 (m, 1H, H-4′), 2.37 (m, 1H, H-5′), 2.22 (m, 1H, H-5′′). 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 157.1, 147.5, 146.3, 136.8, 133.9, 128.6, 119.2, 66.1, 47.6, 44.7, 38.5. HRMS-FAB (m/z): (M + H)+ calcd for C12H15N3O2, 232.1074; found, 232.1086. Anal. Calcd for C12H14N3O2‚1.0H2O: C, 57.82; H, 6.00; N, 16.56. Found: C, 57.80; H, 5.65; N, 16.24. Carbocyclic 9-Deazaguanosine (3). N-Benzoylisothiocyanate (0.1 mL, 0.74 mmol) was added to a solution of 13 (147 mg, 0.39 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 40 min at rt and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3 to 1% MeOH in CHCl3) to give a residue (380 mg). After being dried under high vacuum, the residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2 and treated consecutively with DBN (0.5 mL, 3.87 mmol) and MeI (0.5 mL, 1.54 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt, diluted with CH2Cl2 (50 mL), washed with water (20 mL, 2×), dried over MgSO4, and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column

J. Org. Chem., Vol. 66, No. 14, 2001 4857 chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 30:1) to give a residue. The residue was dissolved in MeOH (50 mL), saturated with NH3(g) at -78 °C in a steel bomb under anhyd conditions, and then heated for 16 h at 95 °C under tight sealing. After being cooled to rt, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 60:1) to give 19 (120 mg, 57%) as a solid. 19 was dissolved in 4 mL of CF3CO2H-H2O (3:1), and the resulting mixture was stirred for 3 h at 50 °C. The solvent was concentrated and coevaporated with toluene (5 mL, 4×) to a yellowish solid, which was recrystallized from MeOH to give 3 (60 mg, 68%): mp 290 °C; [R]25D -21.50 (c 0.3, H2O). UV λmax, nm (): 231 (17 002, pH 7), 266 (8376, pH 7), 264.5 (8048, pH 11), 234.5 (13 530, pH 2), 273.0 (11 600, pH 2). 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 11.30 (s, 1H, HN-1), 7.00 (s, 1H, H-8), 6.20 (s, 1H, HN-7), 3.71 (m, 2H, H-2′, 3′), 4.57 (s, 1H, HO-), 4.12 (s, 1H, HO-), 3.45 (m, 2H, H-6′′), 3.01 (m, 1H, H-1′), 2.20 (m, 1H, H-5′), 1.99 (m, 1H, H-4′), 1.25 (m, 1H, H-5′′). HRMSFAB (m/z): (M + H)+ calcd for C12H17N4O4, 281.1250; found, 281.1257. Anal. Calcd for C12H16N4O4‚CF3CO2H: C, 42.64; H, 4.39; N, 14.20. Found: C, 42.65; H, 4.74; N, 13.81. Carbocyclic 9-Deazadenosine (4). Compound 4 was prepared from D-γ-ribonolactone in 11 steps:13 mp 240 °C; [R]25D -45.46 (c 0.35, MeOH). UV (MeOH) λmax, nm (): 275 , 274.0 (11 760, pH 7), 271.5 (11 720, pH 11), 275 (18 530, pH 2). 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 10.59 (s, 1H, HN-5, D2O exchangeable), 7.93 (s, 1H, H-2), 7.14 (d, 1H, J ) 2.0 Hz, H-8), 6.61 (s, 2H, H2N-4, D2O exchangeable), 4.00 (s, 1H), 3.73 (m, 1H, H-2′), 3.65 (m, 1H, H-3′), 3.04 (m, 2H, H-6′), 2.02 (m, 1H, H-5′), 1.90 (m, 1H, H-4′), 1.31 (m, 1H, H-5′′). FABMS (m/z): (M + H)+ 265. Anal. Calcd for C12H16N4O3‚0.3H2O: C, 53.44; H, 6.20; N, 20.77. Found: C, 53.44; H, 6.20; N, 20.22. (1S,2S,3R,5R,6S)-2-Hydroxy-3-tert-butoxymethyl6-cyanobicyclic[3.1.0]hexane-6-carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester (21). A solution of 10 (1.85 g, 5.45 mmol) in EtOH (200 mL) containing c-HCl (3 mL) was stirred for 3 h, neutralized with saturated NaHCO3, and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 30:1) to give 20 (0.93 g, 74%). Method 1 for 21: I2 was added (873 mg, 3.44 mmol) to a solution of triphenylphosphine (902 mg, 3.44 mmol) and imidazole (117 mg, 1.72 mmol) in benzene-CH3CN (72 mL, 2:1). The resulting mixture was stirred for 5 min at rt to give a white suspension to which 20 (258 mg, 0.86 mmol) was added. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at 40 °C and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 10:1 to 5:1) to give 21 (149 mg, 20%) as a syrup. Method 2 for 21: CHI3 was added (1.70 g, 4.24 mmol) to a solution of triphenylphosphine (1.10 g, 4.24 mmol) and imidazole (288 mg, 4.24 mmol) in anhyd CH3CN (10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred until a solution was obtained. Compound 20 (320 mg, 1.06 mmol) in anhyd CH3CN (10 mL) was added to the solution in one portion. The resulting mixture was stirred for 10 h at 50 °C. After the precipitated solid was filtered, the solid cake was extracted with EtOAc (200 mL, 3×), and the combined filtrate was concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes:EtOAc ) 10:1 to 5:1) to give 21 (224 mg, 75%) as a syrup: [R]25D +11.82 (c 2.5, MeOH). 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 4.25 (m, 2H, CH3CH2O-), 4.19 (m, 1H, H-3′), 3.45 (m, 2H, H-6′), 2.24-2.41 (m, 4H, H-1′,2′,4′,5′), 1.45-1.12 (m, 13H, H-5′′, CH3CH2-, (CH3) 3C). 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 166.0, 115.1, 79.0, 73.4, 64.1, 62.7, 61.2, 55.8, 42.8, 36.2, 27.9, 27.4, 14.1. HRMS-FAB (m/z): (M + H)+ calcd for C15H24NO4, 282.1811; found, 282.1807. Anal. Calcd for C15H23NO4: C, 64.03; H, 8.24; N, 4.98. Found: C, 63.75; H, 8.28; N, 4.89. (1S,2S,3R,5R,6S)-2-O-(1-Tetrahydropyranosyl)-3-tertbutoxymethyl-6-cyanobicyclic[3.1.0]hexane-6-carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester (22). A mixture of 21 (670 mg, 2.38 mmol), dihydropyran (0.43 mL, 4.76 mol), and pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate (catalytic amount) in CH2Cl2 (70 mL) was stirred for 1 h at rt and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexanes: EtOAc ) 30:1) to give 22 (713 mg, 82%) as a syrup. 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 4.21 (m, 2H, CH3CH2O-), 4.12-3.78 (m, 2H, H-3′,

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J. Org. Chem., Vol. 66, No. 14, 2001

anomeric THP), 3.65-3.30 (m, 4H, H-6′, CH2O-THP), 2.752.26 (m, 4H, H-1′,2′,4′,5′), 1.75-1.25 (m, 7H, H-5′′, (CH2)3THP), 1.23 (m, 3H, CH3CH2O-), 1.12 (s, 9H, (CH3)3C). FABMS (m/z): (M + H)+ 336. (5R,1′S,3′R,5′R)-Spiro[[2′-(1-tetrahydropyranosyl)-3′tert-butoxymethylbicyclic[3.1.0]hexane]-5,6′-(2,6-diamino5H-pyrimidine-4-one)] (23). 1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN, 0.40 mL, 3.2 mmol) was added to a solution of 22 (240 mg, 0.66 mmol) and guanidine hydrochloride (1.00 g, 10.46 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL). The mixture was refluxed for 20 min and concentrated to a residue, which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 30:1) to give 23 (99 mg, 40%) as a syrup. UV (MeOH) λmax, nm: 235.0. 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.52 (bs, 2H, H2N-), 4.0-3.81 (m, 2H, H-3′ and anomeric THP), 3.60-3.31 (m, 4H, H-6′, CH2-THP), 2.752.24 (m, 4H, H 1′,2′,4′,5′), 2.12-1.15 (m, 16H, H-5′′, (CH2)3THP, (CH3) 3C). HRMS-FAB (m/z): (M + H)+ calcd for C19H31N4O4, 379.2409; found, 379.2345. (5R,1′S,3′R,5′R)-Spiro[[2′-hydroxy-3′-hydroxymethylbicyclic[3.1.0]hexane]-5,6′-(2,6-diamino-5H-pyrimidine4-one)] (5). A solution of 23 (120 mg, 0.32 mmol) in 5 mL of CF3CO2H-H2O (2:1, v/v) was stirred for 4 h at 50 °C and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was coevaporated with toluene (5 mL, 4×), treated with Et3N (1 mL), and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 10:1) to give 5 (16 mg, 20%) as a white solid: mp 167-170 °C; [R]25D -12.30 (c 0.4, H2O). UV (MeOH) λmax, nm: 235.0. 1H NMR (D2O): δ 3.92 (m, 1H, H-3′), 3.67-3.44 (m, 2H, H-6′), 2.54-2.39 (m, 3H, H-2′,4′,5′), 2.25 (m, 1H, H-1′), 1.37 (m, 1H, H-1′). 13C NMR (D2O): δ 176.7, 163.0, 119.3, 76.6, 63.2, 57.0, 43.4, 36.9, 29.7, 9.19. HRMSFAB (m/z): (M + H)+ calcd for C10H15N4O3, 239.1147; found, 239.1144. Anal. Calcd for C10H14N4O3: C, 50.41; H, 5.92; N, 23.52. Found: C, 50.22; H, 5.96; N, 23.25. (1′S,2′R,5′S)-5-[1-O-(1-Tetrahydrofuranosyl)-2-tert-butoxymethylcyclopent-3-en-5-yl]-2,6-diaminopyrimidine4-one (25). NaOEt (1.3 mL, 0.2 M solution in MeOH) was added to a mixture of 22 (40 mg, 0.11 mmol) and guanidine hydrochloride (20 mg, 0.21 mmol) in EtOH (5 mL) at rt. The

Chun et al. mixture was refluxed for 1 h, neutralized with c-HCl, and concentrated. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 30:1) to give 25 (15 mg, 35%) as a semiwhite solid. UV (MeOH) λmax, nm: 213.0, 241.5, 277.5. 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 11.28 (bs, 1H, HN-), 5.76 (bs, 2H, H2N-), 5.64-5.51 (m, 2H, H-4′,5′), 5.03 (bs, 2H, H2N), 4.76-4.43 (m, 2H, H-2′, anomeric THP), 4.24 (m, 1H, H-1′), 3.92-3.31 (m, 4H, H-6′, CH2O-THP), 2.92 (m, 1H, H-3′), 1.851.54 (m, 6H, (CH2)3-THP), 1.16 (s, 9H, (CH3) 3C). FABMS (m/ z): (M + H)+ 379. (1′S,2′R,5′S)-5-[1-Hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylcyclopent3-en-5-yl]-2,6-diaminopyrimidine-4-one (6). A solution of 25 (150 mg, 0.39 mmol) in 6 mL of CF3CO2H-H2O (3:1, v/v) was stirred for 4 h at 50 °C and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was coevaporated with toluene (10 mL, 5×), treated with Amberlite IRA-900 ion-exchange resin (strongly basic), filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CHCl3:MeOH ) 5:1) to give 6 (28 mg, 30%): mp 172-174 °C; [R]25D -22.32 (c 0.2, MeOH). UV (MeOH) λmax, nm: 213.0, 241.5, 277.5. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 9.82 (s, 1H, HO-4, D2O exchangeable), 5.99 (s, 2H, HN2-, D2O exchangeable), 5.59 (m, 1H, H-5′), 5.51 (m, 3H, HN2-, H-4′), 4.76 (d, 1H, J ) 6.41 Hz, HO-2′, D2O exchangeable), 4.70 (t, 1H, J ) 4.82 Hz, HO-6′, D2O exchangeable), 4.16 (m, 2H, H-6′), 3.84 (m, 1H, H-2′), 3.61 (m, 1H, H-1′), 3.43 (m, 1H, H-3′). FABMS (m/z): (M + H)+ 239. Anal. Calcd for C10H14N4O3‚0.1H2O: C, 50.04; H, 5.96; N, 23.34. Found: C, 50.08; H, 5.87; N, 23.05.

Acknowledgment. This research was supported by U.S. Public Health Service Research Grant AI 32351 from the National Institutes of Health. We thank Dr. Michael G. Bartlett of The University of Georgia for mass measurements. We thank Dr. Raymond F. Shinazi of Emory University, Veterans Administration (Atlanta), for anti-HIV evaluation. JO010224F