ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Accounts of Chemical Research (ISSN 0001-4842) is published monthly by the American Chemical Society at 1155 16th Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20036. Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Accounts of Chemical Research, Membership & Subscription Services, P.O. Box 3337, Columbus, OH, 43210. © Copyright, 1985, by the American Chemical Society. Copyright Permission: An individual may make a single reprographic copy of an article in this publication for personal use. Reprographic copying beyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law is allowed, provided that the appropriate per-copy fee is paid through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970. For reprint permission, please write to the Copyright Administrator, Books and Journals Division, at the ACS Washington address. Editorial Information Accounts of Chemical Research publishes concise, critical reviews of research areas currently under active investigation. Most articles are written by scientists active in the area reviewed. Reviews may be concerned in large part with work in the author's own laboratory, providing that relevant contributions by other investigators are mentioned sufficiently to place the author's research in perspective. Also published are occasional articles in which the author offers a critical assessment of a subject that has become somewhat muddled or even controversial, and proposes unifying concepts to clarify it. Articles should be directed concurrently to a general audience of research-minded chemists and to scientists directly concerned with the subject of the article. In general, the first four or five pages of the manuscript
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ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; Copyright 1985 by the American Chemical Society
VOLUME18
NUMBER12
D Ε CΕ Μ Β Ε R , 1985
EDITOR JOSEPH F. BUNNETT ASSOCIATE EDITORS Joel E. Keizer John E. McMurry EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Robert Abeles Richard Bernstein R. Stephen Berry Michel Boudart Maurice M. Bursey Charles R. Cantor Marshall Fixman Jenny P. Glusker Kendall N. Houk Keith U. Ingold Maurice M. Kreevoy Theodore Kuwana Josef Michl George W. Parshall Kenneth N. Raymond Jacob F. Schaefer Richard C. Schoonmaker Anthony M. Trozzolo BOOKS AND JOURNALS DIVISION D. H. Michael Bowen, Director
Journals Department: Charles R. Bertsch, Head; Marianne C. Brogan, Associate Head; Mary E. Scanlan, Assistant Manager; Anne C. O'Melia, Assistant Editor Production Department: Elmer M. Pusey, Jr., Head Research and Development Department: Lorrin R. Garson, Head
T h e American Chemical Society and its editors assume no responsibility for the statements and opinions advanced by contributors. Views expressed in the editorials are those of the writers and do not necessarily represent the official position of t h e A m e r i c a n Chemical So ciety. Registered n a m e s and trade marks, etc., used in this publication, even without specific indication thereof, are not to be considered unprotected by law.
Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research* The American Chemical Society serves the chemistry profession and society at large in many ways, among them by publishing journals which present the results of scientific and engineering research. Every editor of a Society journal has the responsibility to establish and maintain guidelines for selecting and accepting papers submitted to that journal. In the main, these guidelines derive from the Society's definition of the scope of the journal and from the editor's perception of standards of quality for scientific work and its presentation. An essential feature of a profession is the acceptance by its members of a code that outlines desirable behavior and specifies obligations of members to each other and to the public. Such a code derives from a desire to maximize perceived benefits to society and to the profession as a whole and to limit actions that might serve the narrow self-interests of individuals. The advancement of science requires the sharing of knowledge between individuals, even though doing so may sometimes entail foregoing some immediate personal advantage. With these thoughts in mind, the editors of journals published by the American Chemical Society now present a set of ethical guidelines for persons engaged in the publication of chemical research, specifically, for editors, authors, and manuscript reviewers. These guidelines are offered not in the sense that there is any immediate crisis in ethical behavior, but rather from a conviction that the observance of high ethical standards is so vital to the whole scientific enterprise that a definition of those standards should be brought to the attention of all concerned. We believe that most of the guidelines now offered are already un derstood and subscribed to by the majority of experienced research chemists. They may, however, be of substantial help to those who are relatively new to research. Even well-established scientists may ap preciate an opportunity to review matters so significant to the practice of science. Formulation of these guidelines has made us think deeply about these matters. We intend to abide by these guidelines, strictly, in our own work as editors, authors, and manuscript reviewers.
'Development of this set of ethical guidelines was an outgrowth of proposals made at a conference (in January 1982) of editors of journals published by the American Chemical Society. An ad hoc committee was appointed to consult with the several editors and with the chemists of the world, and to formulate guidelines for further consideration. The original committee comprised Russell F. Christman, Frederick D. Greene, Hugh M. Hulburt, and Joseph F. Bunnett (chairman); later Benjamin J. Luberoff joined the committee. A draft of proposed guidelines was published in C&EN for Sept. 26, 1983, with request for criticism. About 30 letters of criticism were received. Substantial changes were made in response thereto, incorporating suggestions offered or modifying guidelines to which ob jections were raised. The guidelines as now published were adopted by the ACS editors at a meeting in January 1985 and then endorsed by the American Chemical Society Com mittee on Publications.
