I/EC INDUSTRIAL AND
ENGINEERING
C O N T E N T S ©
1
COPYRIGHT
1957
R E S E A R C H
·
CHEMISTRY
· BY
DECEMBER 1 9 5 7
THE
AMERICAN
D E V E L O P M E N T
·
CHEMICAL D E S I G N
· SOCIETY
·
VOLUME 49, NUMBER 12 ·
ISSUED
E N G I N E E R I N G
DECEMBER ·
9,
M A R K E T I N G
— COVER The Dualayer process gives gasoline refiners a good edge in the octane race b y getting rid of tetraethyllead-inhibiting mercaptans. Cover shows stripping tower at Magnolia Petroleum Co.'s Beaumont, Tex., refinery FORECAST Gentle squeezing may allow higher pressures . . . . Paper that stretches, on the market soon . . . . New plastic may change housewives' habits . . . . Vinyltins—another w a y to new plastics? . . . . Quiz kids may get spotted more easily . . . . Smog another step closer to being controlled . . . . Price dive may signal copper comeback 23 A l/EC REPORTS Titanium from cheap ore now a possibility . . . . Nonmilitary tonnage market for titanium in the offing? . . . . Boron has peacetime applications too . . . . New drug may give your favorite horse a break . . . . "Do it yourself" report on how to make a red star for Christmas . . . . First large scale application of electrodialysis . . . . Pattern for progress METAL-ORGANIC
27 A
COMPOUNDS
An l/EC Special Feature Hook certain metal atoms to certain organic molecules and the result is a class of compounds with amazing properties WORKBOOK
44 A
FEATURES
COSTS—Turbulent Film Evaporators W . L. H a r d y , Foster D. Snell, Inc.
Evaporation your problem? Look at how you can get low-cost operation with minimum scale formation and increased yield
53 A
EQUIPMENT A N D DESIGN—The Doyle Scrubber H a r o l d Doyle and A. F. Brooks, Consolidated Mining & Smelting Co. o f C a n a d a
Here's a wet scrubber with high recovery efficiency and low operating costs
57 A
INSTRUMENTATION—Present Status of the Graphic Panel Robert W a l l , Monsanto Chemical Co.
A good w a y to smooth over rough spots in plant start-ups is to use a graphic control panel 4 A
INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
1957
65 A
CORROSION—Galvanized Structural Steel in Gulf Coast Construction J. W . Sicard, Celanese Corp. of America, Pasadena, Tex.
If you're planning new plant construction, you should know about Celanese's experiences in comparing galvanized and painted struc tural steels
69 A
STATISTICAL DESIGN—Interpretation of Experimental Results W . J. Youden, National Bureau of Standards
How can you be sure that data from your experiments are reliable? Answer: Set up a predetermined arithmetical procedure for analysis at the time you set up the experiment
73 A
INDUSTRIAL WASTES—Color Removal from Azo Dye Wastes N. L. Nemerow and W . L. Wilson, North Carolina State College
Use of stannous chloride is a good way to clean up dye wastes.
. . .
77 A
. . .
81 A
SAFETY—Fire Experience in the Chemical Industry S. M. MacCutcheon, Dow Chemical Co.
For a blueprint for fire prevention and control in your plant, see.
PROFESSIONAL SIDE—Earning While Learning Roy Jones and Jack Dannemiller, Diamond Alkali Co.
Here are the experiences of two summer employees of a chemical company
89 A
DEPARTMENTS Briefs
9 A
Ideas Exchange Column
85 A
New Books
87 A
Readers' Information Service
95 A
New Equipment and Materials
99 A
Hindsight and Foresight
123 A
Editorial
124 A CONTENTS CONTINUED NEXT PAGE
Workbook features (Α-numbered pages) are perforated for your convenience R E S E A R C H
·
D E V E L O P M E N T
·
D E S I G N
·
E N G I N E E R I N G
·
M A R K E T I N G
NEXT M O N T H l/EC's A n n u a l Construction D i g e s t — W h o ' s building what and where and how much does it cost? Trends in E q u i p m e n t a n d D e s i g n — a Chemical Exposition at N e w York
special report from the
National
l/EC R e p o r t s — t h e chemical process industry passes in review for 1957 VOL. 49, NO. 12
·
DECEMBER
1957
5 A
CONTENTS—continued
CHEMISTRY
AND
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
The Editor Looks A t
1937
STAFF-INDUSTRY C O L L A B O R A T I V E REPORT Dualayer Gasoline Process to Remove Mercaptans B. F. G r e e k , C. A. Duval, and V. A. Kalichevsky . H I G H PRESSURE Introduction J.F.Miller
1938
THEORY
AND
PRACTICE
H y d r o g e n a t i n g Coal at 8 0 0 ° C. R. W . Hiteshue, R. B. Anderson, and M . D. Schlesinger
2008
Batch Hydrogenolysis Reactions of C o m p o u n d s Related to Petroleum Oils E. B. Shultz, Jr., and H. R. Linden
2011
Pure
Safety a t High Pressure R. W . Kiefer 1945
Heat Transfer in a H i g h Pressure Reactor L. N. Vernon and C. M . Sliepcevich H y d r a u l i c a l l y Driven Pumps D. H. N e w h a l l
1 945
1949
Liquid Nitrogen P u m p a n d V a p o r i z e r G . A. Bleyle, Jr., H. W . Crosby, a n d R. E. Kendall
1955
A High Pressure A i r - D r i v e n P u m p D. D. Frederick and R. L. Porter Compressing of Gases in the Pure State to H i g h Pressures R. C. W o l f and J. C. Bowen A p p a r a t u s for Pressures of 2 7 , 0 0 0 Bars a n d Temperatures of 1 4 0 0 ° C. Francis Birch, E. C. Robertson, and S. P. Clark, Jr.
Isomer Distribution in the O x o Reaction V. L. Hughes and Isidor Kirshenbaum . . . . Synthesis of Propionic A n h y d r i d e a n d Pro pionic A c i d R. E. Brooks, W . F. Gresham, J. V . E. H a r d y , and J. M . Lupton
2~y7
2026
2035
1962
T h e r m a l Conductivity of Nitrogen Temperatures a n d Pressures P. Johannin and B. V o d a r
1 965
for
Determining
at
High 2040
T h e r m a l Conductivity of P r o p a n e D. E. Leng and E. W . Comings
2042
Elastic Distortion Error in the D e a d - W e i g h t Piston G a g e D. P. Johnson, J. L Cross, J. D. Hill, and H. A. Bowman
2046
(END OF SYMPOSIUM)
A Plant-Scale Unit for Distillation Tray Research Earl M a n n i n g , Jr., Stanley M a r p l e , and G . P. Hinds, Jr
2051
Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. Nitrides a n d Carbonitrides of Iron as Catalysts J. F. Shultz, Manuel Abelson, Leonard Shaw, and R. B. Anderson
2055
1993
Stability of Condensed Phosphates in V e r y Dilute Solutions Editha K a r l - K r o u p a , C. F. Callis, and Eli Seifter .
2061
1996
F l a m e Stabilizing Effects of Inclined A i r Jets D. P. Duclos, Allan Schaffer, and A. B. Cambel
2063
1979
1987
1999
2004
3yr.
Members, foreign and domestic S 4.50 $ 7 50 $10.00 Nonmcmbcrs, domestic and Canada 5.00 8.00 11.00 Nonmcmbcrs, foreign except Canada 15.00 27.50 40.00 Postage to countries not in the Pan-American Union $2.70 yearly; Canadian postage $090 yearly. Single copies: current issues, $1.50 (March and September, issued in two parts, priced at $2.50). Claims for missing numbers will not be allowed if received more than 60 days from Jate of mailing plus time normally required for postal delivery of journal and claim. No claims
INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
2022
2034
GUIDE FOR AUTHORS, published in December 1956 issue, page 2254, gives copy requirements to be observed in preparing manuscripts for consideration. Manuscript (2 copies) should be sub mitted to the Editorial Director, 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington 6, D. C. The American Chemical Society assumes no responsibility for the statements and opinions advanced by contributors to its publications. Views expressed in the editorials are those of the editors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the American Chemical Society. 1957 Subscription Rates
TJ7.
2019 Pressure
Constant Pressure M e t h o d P-V-T Relations of Gases Ludwig Luft
A N e w High Pressure T e c h n i q u e — T h e C o n trolled-Clearance Principle D. H. N e w h a l l
an
1959
1969
V e r y Fast F l o w Control Techniques R. W . Ellison
Safety in Small-Scale High Experiments H. R. Stephens and Κ. Ε. W a l k e r
of
J. F. Ross a n d G . M . Brown
1 967
A d i a b a t i c Compressor for P-V-T Measure ments on Gases to 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 Pounds per Square Inch Donna Price and G . T. Lalos
Safety at High Pressures. Features Eight-Cubicle Laboratory J. C. Bowen and R. L. Jenkins
M o l e c u l a r Interactions at H i g h Densities Laurens Jansen
Strength of Cylinders W . R. D. Manning Stress Concentration in H e a v y - W a l l e d C y l i n drical Pressure Vessels J. H. Faupel and D. B. Harris
2017
Viscosities of Gases a t High Pressures
H y p e r v e l o c i t y Missile Launcher B. M . Shepard
6 A
IN
.
Spectrometric Investigations of n-Heptane Preflame Reactions in a M o t o r e d Engine K. J. Pipenberg and A. J. Pahnke
2067
Corrections
2010
A u t h o r a n d Subject Indexes
2075
G u i d e for A u t h o r s
2093
allowed from subscribers in Central Europe, Asia, or the Pacific Islands other than Hawaii, or because of failure to notify the Circulation Department of a change of address, or because copy if "missing from files." Published monthly by the American Chemical Society, from 20th and Northampton Sts., Easton, Pa. Executive Offices, Editorial Headquarters, and Circulation Department, 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington 6, D. C. Advertising Office: 430 Park Ave., New York 22, Ν. Υ. Branch Editorial Offices: 36 South Wabash Ave., Chicago 3, III.; 718 Melrose Bldg., Houston 2, Tex.; 2 Park Ave-, New York 16, N. Y.; 703 Mechanics' Institute Bldg., 57 Post St., San Francisco 4, Calif.; Bush House, Aldwych, London. Entered as second-class matter at the Post office at Easton, Pa., U.S.A., under the Act of March 3, 1879. CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Notify Circulation Department, American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington 6, D. C. Such notification should include both old and new addresses and postal zone number, if any. The American Chemical Society also publishes: Analjr· ical Chimistrj, Cbimiial ani Enginciting Nous, Chemical Abstracts Service, Journal of tbi Amtrican Cbtmical Socitcy, Tbi Journal of Pbyiical Cbomiitrj, Journal of Agricultural and FooJ CblmijtrJ, and Tbt Journal of Organic Cbtmistry. Rates on request.
