TEMPERATURE: ITS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL IN SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. VOLUME I1 Edited by H u g h C. Wolie, for the American Institute of Physics. Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, 1955. x 467 pp. Many figs.and tables. 1 6 X 23.5 cm. $12. THE second volume in this series consists of some 24 papers presented a t the Third Symposium on Temperature held in Washington, D. C., in October, 1954, under the joint sponsorship of the American Institute of Physics, the National Bureau of Standards, and the Officeof Ordnance Research. The purpose of the Symposium was t o review developments in the concepts, measurements, and standards of temperature evolved since tbe Second Symposium on Temperature held in 1939. The papers presented a t the Second Symposium comprise the first volume in the series. The papers contained in the present volume are grouped in sections with the following titles: (1) General Concepts, (2) Standards and Scales, (3) Transient Phenomena, (4) Experimental Measurements, and (5) Miscellaneous Topics. In the first section, a series of four papers discuss in a general manner the concept of temperature for temperatures of the order of from 10-Qegrees to 10' degrees. The bulk of the papers in the second section are concerned with developments in either the international temperature scale or the temperature scale in the liquid helium region. Despite the importance of establishing the scale and standards in other temperature ranges, it is noteworthy that only one paper was presented reviewing the work in the 5-90°K. range and one on high-temperature gas thermometry. The significance of temperature in nonequilibrium processes is discussed from the theoretical standpoint in two papers to be found in the third section. The fourth section ineludes such topics as the use oi superconductors and semiconductors as lowtemperature thermometers, the measurement of temperatures below one degree K., the use of sound velocity as a method of measuring temperature, and the measurement of flame temperetures. Those who are familiar with Volume I may find the title of Volume I1 somewhat misleading. The contents of Volume I1 reflect the decision made by the General Committee of the Symposium to emphasize the basic physics involved in temperature concepts and measurements. Consequently, the great variety of papers relating to the more practical aspects of temperature measurement and control in scientific and engineering applics, tions., so nrominent in Volume I. is entielv lackine in Vohnrne 11. However, far one whose interest is in developments in thc fundamentals of temperature and temperature measurement in the past 15 yeam, the present volume comprises an excellent survey and will prove to be a valuable reference. E. L. PACE 0
+
.
~
-
~
~~~~
~~
W E S T ~RESERVE ~X UNTYDRBITI
CL~;"E~~*ND. OHIO
METALLURGY OF THE RARER METALS. NUMBER 4: TITANIUM A. D. McOuiIlan and M. K. McQuillan. Academic Press, 0
+
New York, 1956. xi= 466 pp. 200 figs. 44 tables. 15 X 22cm. $10. TEEexeellenee of this important series of books, is maintained in Number 4 [Cf. previous reviews THIS JOURNAL,31, 670 (1954); 32, 651 (1955)l. The recent literature on the metallurgy of titanium through 1954 is competently reviewed and the new technology of titanium is related to the revealed behavior. Chemists will be especially interested in the preparation and purification of titanium tetrachloride and its reduction t o the m e t d For preparation of metd of highest purity the "hot wile" method of Van Arkel and de Boer (1925), that is based upon the high-temperature decomposition of titanium tetraiodide, is discussed in considerable detail. Minor amounts of "gaseous" impurities, such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, or carbon, d e grade the mechanicd properties of reused titanium so extensively as to make i t unworkable. If industrid exploitation of the ther(Continued a page A34d) A340
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION, AUGUST, 1956
