The Biogenesis of Morphine1 - Journal of the American Chemical

The Biogenesis of Morphine1. Edward Leete. J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 1959, 81 (15), pp 3948–3951. DOI: 10.1021/ja01524a033. Publication Date: August 1959...
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Usual chemical procedure^'^ employ acylation of the analyses. Professor John J. Sanipson of the hydrazides, diacylation of hydrazine, thermal de- University of California ,Xedical School in San composition of hydrazides and oxidation of hydra- Francisco and Chairman of the Research Comzides with iodine. Among the uses of diacylhydra. mittee of the California Heart Association and Dr. zines have been investigations of dipole momentsL8 Robert Maybury of the University of Redlands and apparent energies of N-N bonds.IY Still and Chairman of the Undergraduate Kesearch another interesting usage of an acylated hydrazine Sub-coxnmittee of the California Heart hssociahas been the oxidation of N u ,Na-diphenyl-N@- tion gave invaluable time and assistance with repicrylhydrazine, which forms N',Na-diphenyl- gard to securing this financial aid. Dr. Kobert D. N@-picrylhydrazyl free radicals rather than the Beech, Chairman of the Research Committee of anticipated Na,Nu,Nb,Nb-tetraphenyl-N@,Ky-dithe Fresno County Heart AAssociation, worked picryltetrazane. This purple sold free radical is patiently in fostering the financial aid provided. employed as a standard of measurement for mag- Mrs. Joyce Richardson, Executive Director of the netic moments.200.21 Xcylation of N',Nu-diphen- Fresno County Heart Association, and Miss Phillis ylhydrazine with picryl c!iloride yields the start- Hecker, Program Consultant of the Californi,t ing material for the synthesis of this free radical. Heart Association, provided much help in enabling Acknowledgments.--Ippreciation is expressed the grants to be secured. Appropriate systems of for grants-in-aid from the Society of the Signia Xi nomenclature were outlined by Professor Charles arid KESX,which took care of costs of some of the D . Hurd of Northwestern University. Professor analyses and important chemicals. T h e Rudolph Carl Niemann of the California Institute of Techhigh-precision polarimeter was purchased through nology read through the major portion of the rea grant-in-aid from the Research Corporation. search data and made important comments before Generous grants from the Fresno County Heart the final organization into this paper. Professor Association and the California Heart Association Ennis B. Womack, Chairman of the Chemistry provided for an undergraduate research fellowship Department of Fresrio State College, gave valuable for V r . lfarviti Kientz, the purchase of equipment assistance in providing certain items of equipment and chewicals, the assistance of Messrs. Ronald and space for carrying out the project. Student and I