1914
JOURNAL O F CHEMICAL EDUCATION
AUGUST,1930
(2) The designed slopes permit easy access of brush or stream of water into and against all parts of the interior. (3) The flattened side permits proper upright position during weighing and standing. (4) Distribution of the mass of glass assists in preventing the tube from easily toppling over. ( 5 ) Narrow end or stricture at delivery end permits easy transfer of solids or liquids into narrow neck receptacle. (6) Variation of size for weighing larger or smaller samples does not involve proportional bulkiness.
New Products from Diphenyl. Diphenyl, being commercially produced by the Federal Phosphorus Company, has now been made available in quantity and a t moderate prices. I t forms the starting point for a number of new products which are heing developed by the company. Chief among them is s series known as the "Aroflors," substances which have been derived from diphenyl by chlorination. The "Arodors" range from colorless liquids of low viscosity to hard brittle resins. Their properties suggest that they may prove suitable for many purposes such as solvents, high-boiling lacquer diluents, gums in nitrocellulose lacquers, varnish gums, waterproofing agents, plasticizers, softeners for photographic films, and dielectric oils. Although the "Arodors" are perhaps the most important group of substances which the Federal Phosphorus Company has thus far developed from diphenyl, they are not the only ones. Wetting agents for trextile fabrics, foaming and emulsifying agents, and a high-boiling hydrocarbon mixture are also being made. These developments constitute another example of the results of research, first in perfecting an industrial profess for material which has not previously been available in sufficient quantity or a t a low enough price t o permit of its use for any purpose a t all, and then in developing from this basic material other new products which have a wide range of possibilities.-Ind. Bull. of Arthur D. Little, Inc.
The Work for Agriculture of Two Great Englishmen. One of the most prosperous periods of British agriculture was between the years 1840 and 1870. During these years the production of the soil was increased between 40 and 50 per cent. At the beginning of the period the average wheat yield was hardly twenty bushels per acre, and a t the end i t was approaching thirty bushels. There were many reasons for this increase, but one of the greatest was the research work done with artificial fertilizers by Lawes and Gilbert. The work which these two Englishmen did for agriculture, and what has been the outcome of such work, is most admirably set out by Sir John Russell in his lecture, now published in pamphlet farm, t o the Cawthrou Institute, New Zealand. Sir John is the present Director of Rothamsted Experimental Station, the oldest agricultural research station in the world, being founded by Lawes in 1843.Science Progr.
