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T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
plant. The following of such a course will often result in avoiding expensive pumping of the wastes, or the treatment of excessive quantities due t o the inclusion of relatively clean waters which may not require treatment under the local conditions. The final step, and undoubtedly the most important, is the intelligent operation of the plant. Whether the processes involved are simple or complex the supervision and control of operation should be based upon a knowledge of the conditions in the river, the character of the wastes and the scientific principles involved in their treatment, The object t o be attained and extent of treatment necessary a t the time of its accomplishment should be kept constantly in mind. Many thousands of dollars in the cost of operation may be saved in this manner. METCALF AND EDDY BOSTONAND CHICAGO
Vol. 9 , No. 7
The Kansas City Zone is primarily occupied with what might be called the extractive industries, and among these, of course, stands agriculture as first in importance. NUMBERA N D VALUEOF LIVE STOCK Report of Kansas State Board of Agriculture for 1916 Report of Oklahoma State Board of Agriculture for 1916 Missouri Red Book 1915 KANSAS,1916 OKLAHOMA, 1916 MISSOURI, 1915 Number Value Number Value liumber Value Horses 1,056,124 $120,398,136 742,750 $63,133,750 1,084,000 $77,560,000 Mules & Asses 296,007 37,000,875 282,347 27,670,006 329,000 32,571,000 Milk Cows 1,077,067 68,932,288 488,004 26,840,220 837,000 45,533,000 Other Cattle 2,200,848 94,636,464 1,143,245 43,443,310 1,555,000 60,490,000 Sheep & Goats 181,481 1,134,256 39,687 448,435 1,416,000 8,213,000 Swine 1,576,568 18,918,816 1,039,474 7,484,214 4,565,000 31,986,000 Total Value of Live Stock
8341,020,835
$169,019,935
8276,353,000
A summary of these figures gives a total value of live stock for THE ECONOMIC RESOURCES OF THE KANSAS CITY these three states alone of $786,393,770 and their crops are ZONE’ valued a t $768,006,583. Thus the total value of crops and live B y ARTHURJ. BOYNTON’ stock based on the farm values (not the values at primary Hardly more than half a century ago-and within the memory markets) reaches the huge sum of $1,j54,400,3j3. The gross value represented in crops and live stock on the farms of Kansas of many-the line indicated by the present eastern boundary of Kansas, Nebraska and Oklahoma marked the frontier of the amounted to $712,209,311. This is the state’s second best record in agricultural products, Indian country. It is indeed difficult for the minds of the present generation t o grasp the extraordinary transformation which has which was exceeded in I914 b y about $5,000,000. The value of its live stock is the largest ever reported, exceeding the best been made in this territory in such a comparatively short period prior year (191j ) by $30,000,000. of time. Kansas City enjoys what might be called, for lack of a better h , T h e wheat crop for this state in 1916was the second largest term, extraordinary “nodality”-a natural center from which in the history of the state and was worth $134,615,300. Its radiate or t o which converge practically all of the important quality was extra fine and the average price received by the lines of trade and communication of the extensive southwest growers is the highest reported since 1872. The value of animals sold for slaughter in 1916 amounted t o territory. $68,762,369 The income from poultry and eggs alone was The population of the city since 1900 has more than doubled. To-day the population of the combined cities of Kansas City, $12,466,694. Attention should be called to the great and inMissouri and Kansas City, Kansas is estimated a t nearly 400,000. creasing value in Kafir, milo, feterita, and sorghums and t o the Assessed valuations of property have increased from $7g,ooo,ooo recently introduced grasses and fodders in the dry sections to over $2 10,000,000.~ Post-office receipts have jumped from of the state, now amounting in value to nearly $~o,ooo,ooo. $748,000in 1900,to over $3,589,318,and the mail matter handled The alfalfa crop of 3,581,201tons was worth $30,907,618, and had it been marketed during the winter and spring would in 1916was nearly four times that of 1900. probably have brought nearly twice that amount. These forage Kansas City received from the adjacent territory during the crops, none of which were originally native t o the state, and last year over I 15,649,800bushels of grain of which wheat alone most of wliich have but recently been introduced, represent constituted 77,785,650bushels. The State of Kansas alone in some of the striking achievements of the agriculture of this 1916 raised a wheat crop of gg million bushels valued a t pracsection. tically $I~~,OOO,OOO. This state ranks first in winter wheat The increase of dairy products is another hopeful sign pointing production, and is only occasionally exceeded by North Dakota t o more intensive agriculture. These products were valued a t with the spring variety. over $14,460,000. A most notable gain is recorded in the figures The shipments of live stock t o the Kansas City stockyards for condensed milk during the past year, the amount and value from the surrounding country in the year just past total of the product being nearly seven times larger than i t was in 131,812car-loads,a of 7,323,528 animals, of which 2,177,468 1915. were cattle and nearly 3,000,000 were hogs. Over 5,000,ooo This section of the United States is still committed t o the packing animals were slaughtered in the local packing plants extensive system of cultivation. Commercial fertilizers, if induring the year 1 9 1 6 . ~ deed any fertilizers, are but little used. But little attention in a Bank capital in 1900 was short of $5,000,000 while to-day it practical way is given to soil analysis and conservation. The exceeds $26,000,000. No better index of the expanding business farmer is, however, concerned with all those methods of cultivaof a commercial center is t o be had than that of bank clearings. tion aiming to conserve the moisture; with all the new crops These since 1900 have increased more than sixfold and for 1916 suitable for the region; with improved machinery to reduce costs totaled the enormous sum of $4,953,778,690. Kansas City of farm operation and with the best and most profitable breeds to-day ranks 5ixth in bank clearings and is exceeded only by of live stock. How long these virgin soils will respond with their New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston, and frequently natural fertility under present systems of cultivation remains surpasses St. Louis. t o be seen. Already greater and greater demands are being As a railway center Kansas City is second only t o Chicago placed upon the soil. For increasing yields, resort must be had in the number of lines entering the city and the size of territory t o more and more intensive methods of cultivation. which these serve. The general opinion prevails that the wealth of the surrounding territory is embodied largely in the products of the 1 Address delivered at the 54th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Kansas City, April 1 1 , 1917. wheat, corn, live stock and other agricultural belts. Few, 2 Professor of Economics, University of Kansas, Lawrence. unfamiliar with the region, appreciate the rapid industrial a Annual Statistical Report, Board of Trade, 1916, Kansas City, expansion which the district has made in the past ten_or fifteen Missouri. 1
July, 1917
T H E J O C R I V A L O F I X D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERILVG C H E M I S T R Y
YIELD A N D VALUEOF LEADINGCROPS KANSAS,1916 OKLAHOMA, 1916 Yield fBu.) Value Yield (Bu.) Value Wheat. .......................... 99,384,760 $164,615,307 27,541,398 $40,627,861 Corn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,127,191 51,886,272 55,769,404 42,391,950 8,346,212 O a t s . . ........................... 29,177.688 14,199,056 16,880,288 Barley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,049.777 4,206,175 ..... 956,000 737,217 769,895 ..... Rye ............................. Cotton ........................... ..... 628,685 Bales 5 i,'Oi'i',955 Kafir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,095,052 4;98$,078 9,974,074 6,893,916 Milo. , , , , , , , . , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . . , , , 1,188,482 1,163,996 4,316,597 3,214,630 Sorghum, , , , . , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . . , 3,088,005 511,601 !1,281,760 3,540,583 Alfalfa., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856,622 3,581,201 T y ~ s :
