May, 1914
T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y
CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES IN JAPAN SINCE 1011 Japan’s foreign trade has increased considerably in the last year. Imports in 1912amounted to $318,000,000,in 1913t o $372,ooo,ooo; exports in 1912amounted to $269,000,000,and in 1913 to $321,000,000. Chemical trade has in general shared in this increase, though the establishment of several factories in Japan, financed chiefly by foreign capital, has greatly cut down the importation of some substances such as formalin and acetic and salicylic acids. On January I, 1911,there were, in Japan, 470 factories producing chemicals or related products; of these 159 manufactured explosives, 83 oils and waxes, 77 pharmaceutical products, z I rubber, 1.7 toilet preparations, 30 soaps, 5 dyes, 49 fertilizers, and 33 were unclassified in the official statistics. Germany and England have furnished the larger part of the imports, but in the last three years American competition has made itself keenly felt. The Chemiker-Zeitung, in which appear the above data, publishes also, 38 (1914),395, the following table of chemical imports for 1911and 1912: 1911
Acids: Boric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Citric. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acetic ................. Carbolic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salicylic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tartaric. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
........................ m carbonate.. . . . . . . . . . . . .4mmonium chloride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anilin s a l t s . ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antifebrin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antipyrine, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bismuth nitrate,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calcium a c e t a t e . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Explosives: D y n a m i t e . , . . . . . . . . . . . . Detonators. . . . . . . . . . . . Other explosives. . . . . . . . Formalin., . . , . , , , , , . , , . , , . , . . , . , Gelatin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glycerine., , . . , . , , , , . , . , , , , , . , , , , ,
I
49,150 15,550 5,400 69,500 101 ,400 24,150 5,650 34,250
.... 25,100 20,450 84,550 177,150
.... 41,750 39,750 328,750 71,900 20,150 112,550 32,950 408, I00
1912 61,000 20,000 3,450 135,000 53,850 42,700 400 45,900 45,950 71,550 19,450 86,100 83,300 146,000 16,350 82,250 380,050 42,650 50,450 59,550 37,350 393,300
1911
Guaiacol carbonate, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glue, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Magnesium carbonate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milk sugar.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Morphine salts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phosphorus, yellow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phosphorus, red. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Potassium bichromate. . . . . . . . . . . . . Potassium bromide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preparations, medical, alcoholic . . , . . Quinine salts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhubarb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Santonin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Senega r o o t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium borate.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium bicarbonate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soda, caustic, raw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soda a s h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals, aromatic, . . . . . . . . . . Other chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drugs, e t c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.... 156.450 8,750 28,450 49.550 97,800 185,350 620,100 49,450 8,800
.... 42,300 8,700 31,750 42,450 38,500 134,100 630,450 564,550
.... 1,689,000 131,250
43 1 1912 66,400 191,100 9,150 34,050 73,850 132,500 187,600 650,100 125.700 25,650 46,450 47,850 10,300 76,450 29,250 70,600 135,450 584,200 694,250 14,950 I ,633,900 66,800
THE PAPER INDUSTRY IN INDIA The chief difficulty the paper industry in India has t o overcome is lack of raw material, since no wood pulp is to be had in the country. This lack is supplied partly’by importation, partly by the use of native grasses, and largely by the use of cotton rags, the supply of which may be judged from the fact that in India over 400,000 tons of cotton goods are used annually. Other raw materials are jute and hemp, and experiments are now being made with bamboo and bagasse, so far without practical results. 109,gives the following figures The Chemiker-Zeitung, 38 (1914), for tlie year 1911: India imported 13,500tons of raw paper materials worth $530,000,of which 5,500 tons came from Sweden, 5,000 from England and 1,600 from Germany. The paper consumption amounts to 70,000 tons annually with a value of O is of domestic manuover $6,000,000;of this $ Z , ~ O O , O Oworth facture and $g,goo,oooworth or more is imported. I n 1911 there were seven paper factories in operation with a combined capital of about $2,000,000.
SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES
I
8. T h e OWcial M e t h o d for D e t e r m i n i n g Crude-Fiber as Applied t o Cottonseed Meal. CHAS.K. FRANCIS. 9. T h e Arsenates of Lead. H. 1‘. TARTAR A N D R . H. ROBINSON. 10. T h e Changes Produced b y t h e Wrapping of Bread. H. E. B Is H oP . GENERAL MEETING 11. T h e D e t e r m i n a t i o n of Lecithin-Phosphorus i n Macaroni Addresses of Welcome. HON. F . S.SPIEGEL,Mayor of Cincinnati, a n d Farinaceous Articles. H . C. FULLER. A N D PRESIDENT CHARLES W. DABNEY.University of Cincinnati. 12. O n t h e C o m p o s i t i o n of Lobster. H. S . BAILEY. Response. THEODORE W. RICHARDS,President of the American 13. T o m a t o Seed Oil. H. S.BAILEY. Chemical Society. 14. T h e Digestibility of Corn C o n s u m e d b y S w i n e . S. C. T h e Chemical Problems of an Active Volcano. (Illustrated.) GUERNSEY. ARTHCJR L. D A Y . 15. Chemical Changes Occurring d u r i n g t h e Period of Silage T h e Chemical F i t n e s s of t h e World for Life. L. J. HENDERSON. F o r m a t i o n . RAY E. hr-EIDIG. F l a m e Reactions. W. D . BANCROPT. 16. Preliminary N o t e s o n t h e Curing of C u c u m b e r Pickles. C h e m i c a l R e a c t i o n s at Low Pressures. IRVINGLANGMUIR. H. N. RILEY. 17. A Graphic M e t h o d of Calculating Dietaries a n d Rations. AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY DIVISION D. L. RANDALL. FLOYDW. ROBINSON. Chairman GLEN F. MASON,Secretary 18. T h e Hydrolysis, u n d e r Pressure, of Sugar S o l u t i o n s . W. S. HUBBARD AND W. L. MITCHELL. 1. Address. FLOYDW. ROBINSON, Chairman. 19. N o t e s o n t h e D e t e r m i n a t i o n of Total Sulfur. PHILIP L. 2. Standards of Food a n d Drug C h e m i s t s . EDWARD GUDEMAN. BLUMENTHAL. 3. T h e D e t e r m i n a t i o n of Mixed Carbohydrates i n I n f a n t Foods. 20. B a r i u m i n Various P l a n t s . NICHOLAS KNIGHT. T . M . RECTORA N D E. B. WETTENGEL. 21. T h e N o n - U n i f o r m i t y of Drying Oven Temperatures. LORIN 4. T h e D e t e r m i n a t i o n of T a n n i n i n T e a . H . C. FULLER. H. BAILEY. 5. A Rapid M e t h o d for t h e D e t e r m i n a t i o n of S o d i u m Chloride 22. T h e Analysis of Alkali Soils. C. pi. CATLIN. in B u t t e r a n d i t s S u b s t i t u t e s . T. M . RECTOR. 23. D a t e s : Comparative Cost of, i n Akron, Ohio. CHAS. P. 6. A Rapid M e t h o d for t h e D e t e r m i n a t i o n of Unsaponi5able Fox. Matter in F a t s a n d Oils. T. M. RECTOR. 24. T h e C o m p o s i t i o n of Gooseberries w i t h Special Reference 7 . T h e D e t e r m i n a t i o n of Caffein i n Coffee a n d T e a . H. C. t o T h e i r P e c t i n C o n t e n t . E. H. S. BAILEY. FULLER.
AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY FORTY-NINTH MEETING, CINCINNATI, APRIL 6-10,1914 PROGRAM OF PAPERS
