VOL. 6 , No. 4
TWELPTH EXPOSITION OP CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
'779
THE TWELFTH EXPOSITION O F CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES The Twelfth Exposition of Chemical Industries, opening the week of May 6th a t the Grand Central Palace, New York City, will continue the previous custom of conducting two series of lectures for students of industrial chemistry and chemical engineering. The lectures arranged are listed below: Student Lectures Group I ISIN INTEGRATION
Lincoln T. Work, Columbia University, "Grinding." Pierce hl. Travis, Travis Colloid Research Co., "Colloid Mills." MECHANICAL SEPARATION Everett P. Partridge, Indzidriel & Engineering Chemistry, "Dust Collection." Arthur Wright, Filtration Engineers, "Filtration." H. L. O h , State University of Iowa, "Filter Aids: Their Nature and Usc." WITH PHASE CHANGE SEPARATION
Philip DcWolf, Goslin-Birmingham Mfg. Co., "Evaporation." PROCESSCONTROL Arthur Schroder, Fisher Scientific Co., "La1,oratory Apparatus for Controlling Plant Operations." Richard Rimback, Editor, Indnrm?nts, "Automatic Process Control Instnlments and Device." James R. Withrow, Ohio State University, "Temperature Mcasurcment aud Control." UNIT PROCESSES A. Anal,lr, The Dorr Company, "Conversion of Batch Processes to Continuous." A. B. McKechnie, I'arks-Cramer Co., "Heat Transference with Oil." MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCT~ON S. L. Tyler, Thcrmal Syndicate, "Vse of Vitreosil in the hlanufacturc oi Suliuric, Nitric, and Hydrochloric Acids." Jehu 11. Townsend, Brll Tclrpl~onoI,aboratorics, "Iion-Ferrous hlatrrials." G o n m n ~A o ~ n s s s e s
M. E. Brown, W. M . Wrlch Scirntific Co., "llse oi the E l r m n ~ Charts t in 1,ahoratory and Works." W. H. Huson, Carboloy Co., Inc., "Laboratory Side of the Manufacture of Carboloy and Elkonitc." Williams Haynes, Publisher, Ciiemicnl Moikels, "Business Chemistry." Group I1 REVIEWSOF INDUSTRIES Allen Rogers, Pratt Institute, ".4u Outline of Recent Advance.; in the Manufacture of Leather."
J. C. Morrell, Universal Oil Produds Co., "Chcmical Treatment of Petroleum and Its Practions a a Ilnit Process." A. Gordon King, American Gas Association, "Advances and Tendcncics in the Manufactured Gas Industry."
Hcnry I.. Galson, Philadelphia Drying Machincry Co., "Dryer D e \ d o l x w u t in the Chcmical Industry."
P ~ o c ~ CONTROL ss B. P. Romaine, Weston EleCtrical Instrument C o . , "Hlectrical Instruments in the Chcmical Industries." Isman Ginshcrg, "Automatic Control of Temperature in the Chcmical Industries." Jerome Strauss, Yanadium Corp. of America, "Ferrous Materials."
A CONVENIENT SAND BATH* The conversion of sodium bicarbonate to sodium carbonate has always given the student considerable difficulty, especially if he used a direct flame to the porcelain crucible containing the bicarbonate salt instead of performing the operation on a hot air bath. The temperature, nine times out of ten, would exceed :300° with the consequent formation of sodium oxide, which, naturally, means erroneous results if it is used for standard acids. As a consequence of this, it was decided to try a sand bath, which gave very satisfactory results. The bath used was a 30-cc. iron crucible (E P: A, No. 212i2). A 30-cc. porcelain crucible (E Pr A, No. 21212), containing the sodium bicarbonate, was inserted and surrounded on all sides with sand. After the apparatus had been set up, and the thermometer had been inserted into the bicarbonate and held in place in such manner that the bulb is totally immersed but does not come in contact with the bottom or sides of the crucible, a Tirrill burner was placed under the iron crucible. The heating process continued until the temperature of the salt was 200°, and then the burner was withdrawn. By stirring the salt and keeping the bulb of the thermometer covered a t all times, it was observed that the temperature of the salt rose rapidly, then slowly, and finally stopped between 270' and 300' C. By using a flame about one inch and a half high, it was found a simple matter t o keep the temperature between 2i0° and :300°, a condition which was very difficult to obtain otherwise.
G. J. C.
'From Tiir ZIomtonr, 3, 31i (March, 1929)
