TRIAZONE RESINS BOOST WASH-AND-WEAR COTTONS Key to the booming popularity of easy-care cottons, especially white fabrics, is the family of perhydrotriazone resins, called triazones for short. Earlier types of resins worked fairly well on colored cottons, but they retained chlorine from the bleaches commonly used on whites. When these fabrics were ironed, HC1 was released, causing first yellowing and then fibre breakdown. The triazones, which are cyclic ureas, possess a tertiary nitrogen atom (—NH) in the ring. Aside from the fact that these resins retain far less chlorine, the basicity of the tertiary nitrogen buffers any acid released by the heat of ironing. The resistance they provide to chlorine damage has gained the triazones wide usage as wash-and-wear finishes on both white and colored goods.
THIOPHENE—BRIGHT FUTURE FOR YOUTHFUL COMPOUND Thiophene's unusual combination of cyclic structure, sulfur atom and high reactivity makes it an exceptionally fertile source of new product ideas. Equally important, thiophene is a relative youngster in the industrial chemical family. Its first availability on a continuous, ample basis dates back just 8 years ! Thiophene was originally spotted in coal-tar benzene around 1883, but separating it was a job of Herculean proportions, and it remained nothing more than a by-product. Later attempts to synthesize it from ethyl sulfide, and by dry distillation of sodium succinate and phosphorous sulfide (P4S7), still didn't get it out of the laboratory curiosity class. Not until 1954 did thiophene emerge from obscurity to become a raw material of commercial interest. The key was the discovery that it could be made conveniently by heating a mixture of butane and sulfur for a split second at about 1100°F. 14
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Since that time, Pennsalt has continuously made thiophene available in commercial quantities. Because it is produced from such abundant raw materials as butane and sulfur, Pennsalt thiophene is inherently economical. Its price has been stable. This adds up to an inviting situation —increased usage and production volume of thiophene will result in a most attractive price to its users. If you're interested in agricultural or textile chemicals, plastics, drugs and pharmaceuticals, petroleum treating compounds, lube additives, corrosion inhibitors, chelating agents, ion exchange resins, or, for that matter, any product derived from a cyclic structure, you should have our new thiophene bulletin. This 16-page volume not only highlights thiophene's chemistry and uses, but provides well over 200 references for follow-up on specific reactions and products. Ask for Bulletin S-187.
A Pennsalt amine, specifically monoethyl, lends its abilities as an intermediate in manufacturing these resins. If you're triazone-minded . . . or still broader, amine-minded . . . Pennsalt offers you the widest line of lower alkyl amines available today. It includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and a m y l . . . primaries, secondaries and tertiaries... and a large selection of alkyl alkanol amines as well. A note from you will bring a complete listing, with condensed technical and shipping data, and we'll be glad to lend technical assistance in selecting the amines that best fit your needs.
PENNSALT DEVELOPMENT CHEMICALS
BUTYLAMINES SECONDARY BUTYLAMINE CH3CH2(CH3)CHNH2 Kynar ball valve available from Tube Turns Plastics, Inc., Louisville, Ky.
KYNAR°-NEW PENNSALT PLASTICSCORES IN CHEM PROCESS EQUIPMENT Field evaluations are bearing out the fact that Kynar® . . . the new vinylidene fluoride plastic developed by Pennsalt. . . is a top candidate for tough assignments in corrosive chem process applications. Valves (such as the all-Kynar Tube Turns ball valve shown above), gaskets and wire insulation of Kynar, as well as pipe and fittings lined with Kynar, have successfully withstood HF, HNO3 and other acids . . . hot caustic soda and other alkalis . . . chromic acid, liquid oxygen and other strong oxidizing agents . . . wet and dry halogens . . . solvents and hydrocarbons. A striking example of Kynar's pos sibilities comes from one of our own plants, which are excellent proving grounds for new materials. A most demanding test for Kynar is in the processing stream for ferric chloride, at our largest plant at Wyandotte, Michigan. A slurry of 50% FeCl 3 at
85 °C is moved through the system by a pump impeller, injection molded of strong, tough Kynar. Still in serv ice after 16 months of punishment from abrasive particles and corro sive chemicals, the Kynar impeller has already delivered twice the life of the rubber coated iron impellers previously used . . . and shows no signs of wear or chemical attack. It's precisely Kynar's unusual com bination of properties that makes it so interesting. It's not only corro sion-resistant, but also strong and tough . . . and readily formed by all usual methods on standard equip ment. It's the kind of material you can get ideas with. We'll be glad to send you our new Kynar brochure, talk over your needs and suggest nearby fabrica t o r s who can s u p p l y K y n a r in varied shapes. W r i t e P L A S T I C S DEPARTMENT, Pennsalt Chemicals Corporation.
ESTABLISHED 1850
IBP (min.)
62.8°C
FBP(max.)
...69.9°C
Flash Point (open cup)
CHEMICALS
below 20°F
DIISOBUTYLAMINE [(CH3)2CHCH2]2NH Specific Gr. @ 2 0 ° / 2 0 ° C
0.74
Engler Distillation: IBP (min.)
131.0°C
FBP(max.)
143.0°C
Flash Point (open cup)
85°F
These alkylamines have excellent po tential as intermediates in the manu facture of corrosion control products, biologically active chemicals and pH adjusting chemicals . . . and as reaction media and catalysts in base-catalyzed reactions.
and samples
available on request
Industrial Chemicals Division PENNSALT
0.72
Engler Distillation:
Technical literature
®
Pen η sa it Chemicals
Specific Gr. @ 2 0 ° / 2 0 ° C
CORPORATION
T h r e e P e n n C e n t e r · P h i l a d e l p h i a 2 , Pa.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT PENNSALT CHEMICALS CORPORATION THREE PENN CENTER · PHILA. 2, PA. PART
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