FACTS & FIGURES In Europe, six countries showed positive export and import growth, but in most cases, imports rose faster than exports. Within the group, Germany, as usual, had the largest exports, $129.2 billion, up 4.4% from the prior year. Imports rose 9.6%, to $91.2 billion. Belgium achieved the largest growth in both exports and imports. Exports rose 12.0% to $104.3 billion, and imports in28.0% to $11.1 billion. Imports in the larg- creased 15.4% to $87.9 billion. Spain folORLDWIDE TRADE IN chemicals posted good, est importing sector, pharmaceuticals, rose lowed closely, recording an 11.7% increase in exports to $22.0 billion and a 7.0% rise in and sometimes very good, 11.2% to $39.0 billion. increases last year as the The disparity between import and ex- imports to $32.5 billion. The Netherlands value of both exports and port growth rates in 2005 led to a huge did not provide trade data this year. imports in major producing countries rose. increase in the U.S. chemical trade deficit. In Japan, chemical exports for 2005 In the U.S., total chemical exports rose After dropping to just $82.0 million in rose 9.0%fromthe previous year to $68.2 9.1% from the previous year to $123.1 bil- 2004 from the previous year, the deficit billion. Imports of chemicals into Japan inlion, while imports increased 13.6% to swelled to $5.2 billion last year. As in the creased 10.4% to $45.2 billion. The result past, deficits in both the organic chemicals was a 6.3% rise in the county's chemical $128.3 billion. Inorganic chemical exports showed the and pharmaceuticals sectors were greater trade surplus to $22.9 billion. The largest growth in both chemical largest increase among the chemical sectors, than the sum for all sectors. Pharmaceutirising 22.0% to $7.9 billion. Plastics and fer- cals posted the largest deficit, $13.1 billion, exports and imports was in the synthetic tilizers also scored double-digit growth in up from $11.1 billion in 2004. The organic resins sector. Japanese exports of resins chemicals deficit of $11.3 billion was well rose 13.3% to $17.4 billion, while imports 2005. Exports of plastics in primary form rose 15.9% to $21.5 billion, while exports above the $8.8 billion seen in 2004. increased 13.9% to $8.6 billion. The organic of plastics in nonprimary form increased In Canada, overall chemical exports chemicals sector, which sends more product 10.2% to $8.0 billion. Fertilizer exports increased 10.4% to $22.1 billion, while im- abroad than any other sector, saw exports rose 12.5% to $3.2 billion. ports rose less than half that rate, 5.1%, to improve by 8.3% to $17.9 billion, but imports The organic chemicals sector, which has $30.8 billion. The result was a trade deficit also went up, by 73% to $11.5 billion. South Korea reports that total chemical the largest export value among the nine of only $8.7 billion, lower than the $9.3 bilchemical sectors, saw an export increase lion deficit in the previous year. exports rose 20.0% to $27.7 billion and imof just 1.7% to $26.8 billion. Basic chemical exports from Canada ports increased 18.6% to $24.5 billion. China's chemical exports increased The growth in chemical imports last jumped 15.6% to $7.7 billion, after roundyear was widespread throughout the indus- ing, while imports increased 6.4% to $7.7 29.6% last year to $31.9 billion, and imports try, with all but one of the sectors showing billion; the actual deficit fell to $72.6 mil- increased 18.7% to $50.6 billion. This trade increases greater than 10%. The organic lion from $642.2 million in 2004. Agricul- produced a deficit of $18.7 billion, up from chemicals sector was the exception, with tural chemical exports increased 18.7% to $18.0 billion in 2004. $1.4 billion as imports rose only 2.4%. This only 8.3% growth to $38.1 billion. Exports of organic chemicals, China's Fertilizers saw the largest import growth, sector thus realized a trade surplus of $125 largest chemical trade sector, increased by rising 46.2% to $3.7 billion, followed by million, compared with a deficit of $63.5 33.2% to $12.1 billion, and imports rose plastics in primary form, which increased million the year before. 17.5% to $28.0 billion.
TRADE: GROWTH WAS COMMON EVERYWHERE
The value of chemical exports and imports increased, but U.S. trade deficit ballooned
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U.S. TOTAL TRADE Chemical industry kept the number two spot among exporting sectors U.S. IMPORTS
u.s. EXPORTS $ BILLIONS
2002
2003
2004
2005
2002
2003
2004
200S
Machinery & transport equipment Miscellaneous manufactures Chemicals Manufactured goods classified by material Food & live animals
$349.7 82.1 83.6 65.1 40.3
$351.8 84.9 94.2 67.7 43.3
$393.3 95.7 112.9 78.7 45.5
$433.7 103.8 123.1 89.2 48.3
$505.6 205.2 86.1 126.9 39.2
$523.6 218.9 101.1 132.9 42.9
$596.8 241.2 112.9 170.2 47.0
$649.9 259.8 128.3 190.8 51.4
28.1 11.7 4.7 1.9 26.0
33.5 14.0 4.8 2.0 27.5
37.0 18.9 4.8 2.0 29.1
41.2 26.4 4.5 1.8 32.5
19.8 117.1 10.8 1.3 51.5
20.0 155.6 12.0 1.6 50.8
26.3 205.9 12.7 2.3 54.3
28.6 286.4 13.9 2.4 59.5
$693.2
$723.7
$817.9
$904.5
$1,163.5
$1,259.4
$1,469.6
$1,671.0
Crude materials, inedible (except fuels) Mineral fuels & lubricants Beverages & tobacco Animal & vegetable oils, fats & waxes Other TOTAL SOURCE: Department of Commerce
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TRADE U.S. CHEMICAL TRADE, BY REGION Both imports from and exports to China and Latin America rose sharply 2002 $ MILLIONS
EXPORTS
Europe Canada Latin America Japan China-Vietnam
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
CHANGE, 2004-05 EXPORTS
IMPORTS
$26,312 16,344 16,464 6,501 3,043
$52,683 12,108 4,297 7,008 2,426
$30,796 17,891 18,030 6,804 3,731
$61,304 13,492 5,220 8,013 3,029
$36,896 20,053 22,484 7,702 4,831
$67,267 16,674 6,901 8,325 3,770
$39,853 22,413 25,459 8,166 5,549
$73,136 19,727 8,616 8,500 5,216
10,957 1,637 1,157
4,951
6,259 2,249
15,442 2,189 1,789
6,276
1,788
12,587 1,809 1,392
2,481
15,904 2,435 1,848
859 319
368 61
736 377
496 462
910 564
558 103
983 508
747 100
$83,593
$86,057
$94,153
$101,050
$112,860
$112,942
$123,119
$128,288
Rest of Asia Australia Middle East Africa Other TOTAL
EXPORTS
2005
2004
2003
IMPORTS
367
526
587
8.0% 11.8 13.2
IMPORTS
8.7% 18.3 24.9
6.0
2.1
14.9
38.4
8,023
3.0
27.8
620
11.2
5.6
3,602
3.3 8.0
45.2
-9.9 9.1%
33.9 -2.9 13.6%
NOTE: Totals may not sum because of rounding. SOURCE: Department of Commerce
EUROPE CHEMICAL TRADE Belgium, Italy, and Spain had double-digit export growth 2002 EXPORTS IMPORTS
$ MILLIONS
Belgium France Germany Italy Netherlands Spain U.K.
$83,908 64,710 101,455 33,431 47,758 18,059 57,006
2004 IMPORTS
2003 EXPORTS
$68,690 52,077 72,250 43,815 31,170 27,353 47,222
$84,769 65,127 107,601 32,467 48,385 18,794 56,684
IMPORTS
$68,557 52,537 73,392 44,633 31,169 28,986 46,637
EXPORTS
$93,170 68,614 123,740 33,854 54,655 19,718 58,453
$76,163 55,091 83,227 47,424 35,627 30,415 50,211
CHANGE, 2004-05
2005 EXPORTS
IMPORTS
EXPORTS
15.4%
6.0 4.4
9.2 9.6 6.9 na 7.0 3.9
$87,861 60,177
na
na
na
22,031 59,884
32,548 52,150
11.7
91,200 50,708
IMPORTS
12.0%
$104,319 72,761 129,200 37,502
10.8
2.4
NOTE: Monetary statistics for all years were converted from local currencies to U.S. dollars on the basis of the 2005 average exchange rates of $1.00 U.S. = 0.803 euros and 0.549 pounds sterling, na = not available. SOURCES: European Chemical Industry Council, national agencies
NORTH AMERICAN CHEMICALS U.S. trade gap opened up again ...
... while Canada's shrank
$ Billions
$ Billions
Exports Imports
Trade balance
^Import Exports
Γ rade balance 1995
96
97
98
99
00
01
SOURCE: Department of Commerce
02
03
04
05
1995
96
NOTEi $1.00 U.S. = $1,212 Canadian SOURCES: Industry Canada, Statistics Canada
GOT A THING FOR DATA? If you're itching to do your own calculations with all these numbers, let yourself go... to www.cen-online.org, that is, where you can access downloadable versions of these tables.
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U.S. CHEMICAL TRADE, BYPRODUCT Led by fertilizers and plastics, chemical imports rose more than exports did in 2005
Organic chemicals Plastics in primary form Medicinals & pharmaceuticals Inorganic chemicals Plastics in nonprimary form Perfume, toilet & cleaning materials Dyeing, tanning & coloring materials Fertilizers Other TOTAL
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
EXPORTS
CHANGE, 2004-05
2005
2004
2003
2002 EXPORTS IMPORTS
$ MILLIONS
IMPORTS
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
$16,839 13,896 16,150 5,612 5,993
$30,213 6,425 24,719 6,018 4,336
$20,451 15,127 19,209 5,756 6,504
$32,876 7,366 31,516 7,419 4,794
$26,377 18,512 23,982 6,440 7,252
$35,212 8,654 35,105 8,273 5,570
$26,836 21,458 25,952 7,854 7,992
$38,140 11,078 39,039 10,169 6.3Î4
6,135 3,976 2,262 12,730
4,195 2,358 1,619 6,174
6,857 4,282 2,552 13,415
5,611 2,481 2,130 6,857
7,745 4,690 2,846 15,016
6,951 2,669 2,530 7,978
8,409 5,018 3,203 16,398
7,926 2,970 3,699 8,952
$83,593
$86,057
$94,153 $101,050 $112,860 $112,942 $123,119 $128,288
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
1.7% 15.9 8.2 22.0 10.2
8.3% 28.0 11.2 22.9 13.4
8.6 7.0 12.5 9.2
14.0 11.3 46.2 12.2
9.1%
13.6%
NOTE: Totals may not sum because of rounding. SOURCE: Department of Commerce
CANADA CHEMICAL TRADEP BY PRODUCT Exports boomed and imports climbed in 2005 2002 EXPORTS
IMPORTS
Basic chemicals Resins, synthetic rubber & fibers Pesticides, fertilizers & other agricultural chemicals Pharmaceuticals & medicine Other chemical products
$5,450.3 5,075.5
$6,429.2 $5,091.2 5,018.6 5,420.6
TOTAL TOTAL WITH U.S. U.S. SHARE
1,003.7 2,106.5 3,045.0
1,212.5 6,662.0 7,454.4
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
$6,255.1 $6,620.7 $7,263.7 5,522.9 5,653.3 5,212.5
$7,656.6 6,196.5
$7,729.3 6,057.0
1,224.9 7,872.1 7,458.5
1,378.5 3,578.2 3,319.0
1,253.8 8,242.7 7,546.8
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
EXPORTS
948.4 2,807.3 2,971.5
2005
2004 IMPORTS
2003
$ MILLIONS
1,261.2 7,457.7 7,276.9
1,161.4 3,310.8 3,299.2
$16,681.0 $27,177.9 $16,837.0 $27,462.6 $20,045.4 $29,342.1 $22,127.9 $30,829.6 $14,168.4 $19,196.0 $14,002.5 $18,829.6 $16,245.2 $19,625.3 $17,654.1 $20,148.6 84.9% 66.9% 65.4% 79.8% 70.6% 83.2% 68.6% 81.0%
CHANGE, 2004-05 IMPORTS
EXPORTS
15.6% 9.6
6.4% 9.7
18.7 8.1 0.6
2.4 4.7 1.2
10.4% 8.7%
5.1% 2.7%
NOTE: Monetary statistics for all years were converted to U.S. dollars on the basis of the 2005 average exchange rate of $1.00 U.S. =; $1,212 Canadian. SOURCES: Statistics Canada, Industry Canada
ASIA CHEMICAL TRADE, BY PRODUCT Chemical trade surpluses grew in both Japan and South Korea 2002 $ MILLIONS
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
2003 EXPORTS IMPORTS
2004 IMPORTS
EXPORTS
2005 IMPORTS
EXPORTS
CHANGE, 2004-05 EXPORTS
IMPORTS
JAPAN Organic chemicals Inorganic chemicals Synthetic resins Photographic materials Fertilizers Dyes & pigments Cosmetics Rubber Other TOTAL
$11,493 1,936 10,495 3,766 84 2,046 712 5,981 7,948 $44,461
$8,085 2,952 5,425 372 523 801 1,519 1,839 8,720 $30,236
$13,458 2,295 12,197 4,104 86 2,430 785 6,879 9,101 $51,335
$9,323 3,468 6,311 403 530 950 1,809 2,259 9,923 $34,976
$16,508 2,708 15,385 4,605 103 2,996 928 7,875 11,412 $62,520
$10,710 4,339 7,518 325 642 1,037 2,121 2,834 11,434 $40,960
$17,883 2,954 17,428 4,681 110 3,135 977 8,584 12,405 $68,157
$11,489 4,754 8,566 319 711 1,084 2,129 3,219 12,964 $45,235
8.3% 9.1 13.3 1.7 6.8 4.6 5.3 9.0 8.7 9.0%
7.3% 9.6 13.9 -1.8 10.7 4.5 0.4 13.6 13.4 10.4%
SOUTH KOREA Chemicals & chemical products Petrochemicals3
$13,762 9,625
$14,156 4,745
$16,936 11,917
$13,482 5,821
$23,126 17,015
$20,655 8,015
$27,745 20,811
$24,502 9,507
20.0% 22.3
18.6% 18.6
NOTE: Totals may not sum because of rounding, a Defined as synthetic resins, synthetic fiber raw materials, and synthetic rubber. SOURCES: Japan Chemical Importers & Exporters Association; National Statistical Office, Republic of Korea; Korea Petrochemical Industry Association
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TRADE CHINA CHEMICAL TRADE, BY PRODUCT Deficit grew only slightly as exports rose faster than imports 2002 $ MILLIONS
EXPORTS
2004
2005 IMPORTS
IMPORTS
EXPORTS
CHANGE, 2004-05 EXPORTS IMPORTS
EXPORTS
IMPORTS
EXPORTS
$3,595 7,131
1,526 4,557
$2,729 16,006 1,392 1,763 2,583 7,316
$4,840 9,092 1,100 1,309 1,927 6,312
$3,961 23,846 1,572 2,288 2,975 7,960
$6,944 12,11-2 1,364 1,011 2,483 7,939
$4,815 28,020 1,959 3,051 3,081 9,652
43.5% 33.2 24.0 -22.8 28.9 25.8
21.6% 17.5 24.6 33.3
1,390 3,490
$1,949 11,156 1,130 2,354 2,088 5,626
$14,618
$24,303
$18,527
$31,789
$24,580
$42,602
$31,853
$50,578
29.6%
18.7%
Inorganic chemicals Organic chemicals Pharmaceutical products Fertilizers Dyes & pigments Other3
$3,030 5,568
790 350
TOTAL
2003
IMPORTS
918 800
3.6 21.2
a Calculated by C&EN. SOURCE: Customs General Administration of the People's Republic of China
U.S CHEMICAL TRADE BALANCE, BY PRODUCT Large deficits in trade of organic chemicals and pharmaceuticals pushed total trade balance deep into the red $ MILLIONS
1995
Organic chemicals Plastics in primary form Medieinals & pharmaceuticals Inorganic chemicals Plastics in nonprimary form Perfume, toiletries & cleaning materials Dyeing, tanning & coloring materials Fertilizers Other
$3,070 6,425 1,010
$192 6,539
254
-$86 7,220 -507
-74 1,516
-205 1,699
1,634
1,995
TOTAL
1996
2001
2000
2002
2003
2004
2005
1998
1999
2,114
-$3,119 6,476 -1,224 -276 1,834
-$6,106 6,330 -2,295 -472 1,529
2,343
1,995
1,863
2,005
2,278
1,940
1,246
794
483
1,529
1997
292
-$9,632 -$12,680 -$13,373 -$12,425 7,761 7,471 7,189 7,439 -8,570 -12,307 -3,203 -1,572 -1,663 -406 -463 -582 1,710 1,656 1,715 1,983
-$8,835 -$11,304 9,858 10,380 -11,123 -13,087 -1,833 -2,315 1,678 1,682
541
606
869
1,801
2,021
1,696 6,560
1,055 1,618 6,261
1,619
1,676 5,305
1,058 1,714 6,132
1,399
1,834 4,463
796
357
643
422
316
6,944
6,857
6,556
6,558
7,038
2,048 -496 7,446
$20,419
$18,061
$20,501
$14,590
$9,783
$8,910
$3,449
-$2,464
-$6,897
-$82
-$5,169
NOTE: Totals may not sum because of rounding. SOURCE: Department of Commerce
CANADA CHEMICAL TRADE BALANCE, BY PRODUCT Chemical trade deficit decreased for the second consecutive year $ MILLIONS
1995
Basic chemicals Resins, synthetic rubber & fibers Pesticides, fertilizers & other agricultural chemicals Pharmaceuticals & medicine Other chemical products
-$27.2
-$346.7
77.6
-190.7
-69.3
-479.6
-577.8
-106.5 -1,508.1 -2,524.1
-75.9 -1,640.1 -2,551.4
-94.9 -1,626.9 -2,960.8
-340.9 -2,174.2 -3,498.1
-110.6 -2,810.6 -3,869.6
TOTAL
1996
1997
1998
1999
-$695.8 -$1,245.6 -$1,545.2
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
-$832.0 -$1,040.9
-$979.0
-$1,163.8
-$642.2
-$72.6
-307.1
-47.9
-345.0
-194.0
130.4
138.7
-148.6 -3,391.7 -4,038.0
-287.2 -3,910.0 -3,991.7
-208.0 -4,555.5 -4,409.4
-312.8 -4,649.6 -4,305.4
-63.5 -4,561.3 -4,158.5
124.6 -4,664.5 -4,227.8
-$4,089.1 - $4,804.8 • $5,448.6 -$7,738.3 -$8,913.7 - $8,717.3--$9,277.8 - $10,496.9 - $10,625.7 -$9,295.9 -$8,700.8
NOTE: Monetary statistics for all years were converted to U.S. dollars on the basis of the 2005 average exchange rate of $1.00 U.S. = $1.212 Canadian. Totals may not sum because of rounding. SOURCES: Statistics Canada, Industry Canada
EUROPE CHEMICAL TRADE BALANCE Italy and Spain remained stuck in trade deficits $ MILLIONS
Belgium France Germany Italy Netherlands Spain U.K. -
1995
$9,338 7,762 24,320 -10,430 10,831 -5,972 5,815
1996
$8,789 8,943 26,323 -8,854 10,641 -6,076 6,929
1997
$10,666 9,418 31,527 -10,033 11,346 -7,001 8,360
1998
$9,127 9,347 27,181 -12,470 10,882 -7,797 9,314
1999
$11,708 10,729 26,337 -10,625 11,380 -7,781 9,232
2000
$13,419 10,900 29,744 -11,148 14,903 -7,979 9,420
2001
$12,151 12,301 29,956 -10,182 15,101 -8,394 10,389
2002
$15,205 12,622 29,182 -10,375 16,575 -9,286 9,776
2004
2003
$16,199 12,580 34,181 -12,156 17,202 -10,183 10,039
$16,993 13,512 40,480 -13,560 19,013 -10,689 8,235
2005
$16,445 12,574 37,969 -13,196
na -10,508 A208
NOTE: Monetary statistics for all years were converted from local currencies to U.S. dollars on the basis of the 2005 average exchange rates of $1.00 U.S. = 0.803 euros and 0.549 pounds sterling, na = not available. SOURCES: European Chemical Industry Council, national agencies
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