INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
1006
SOAP A N D TOILET PREPARATIONS Value of
trade
Exports millionr of dollorr
-
12s
'00
-
75
50
AverogP 1921.30
Averoge 193135 ~ -
1937 ~
-
1939 ~
-
1941 ~
~
-
1943 ~
25 50 75
-.
Imports millions o f dollors SOURCE: C h e m i c c l o n d H e o l l h P r o d u o s Office o f l n l e t n a t i o n o l T r o d e
Brarrh
g
1945 s
p
1947 s
e
s
~
-
Vol. 40, No. 6
INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
June 1948
N A V A L STORES, N A T U R A L G U M S A N D RESINS Value of trade Exports millions of dollorr
125 100 75 50
50
Imports millians of dallorr
SOURCE. Chemical and Health P r o d u c k B r o n c h
Office o f Infernational Trade
1007
1008
INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
In 194i the United States imported chemicals antl related piwlucts valued at $61 million from Argentina, compared with 193s values of $3 million from Argentina and a total of $55 million from Germany, Chile, China, and Canada. The 1947 imports consisted chiefly of linseed oil, valued a t $32 million. ant1 quebracho estract, valued at $13 million. Brazil also appeared among the four principal suppliers in 1946 and 1947 nniiig t o sizable shipments of vegetable oils and waxes. Among our chief imports from Brazil are carnauba vas, acrounting for 557, of total imports of $24.7 million in 194i, and oiticica oil and ouricury wax, two nen- materials developed Juring the past 15 years, sccounting for 14% of the total. Tiniho and pyrethrum are also new to South America and greater consumption of these materials has helped to increase imports from that area. Iiiiports from Canada \!-ere valued a t $3'7.6 niillioii in 1946 and :it S38.i million in 1947, considerably less than during the n a r years: in 1947 Chnads dropped t,o third place as a. supplying roiintry. These imports consisted principally of iertilizer:, d u e t i a t $23.3 million and indust,rial chemicals with n value of 5 i . S million. Imports of alcohol from Cuba brought the total :,ec*eiptsfrom that country to $21.4 million in 1917, while .\lesic.o a n d Guateniala were the chief sources of crude chicle. Iii 1947 ('1iiii:i was tlie secsonrl largest source of imported matrri:il>. :ind receipt>sof tung oil from that country rrei'e alniost ~louliletlieir 1940 value. India's heavy exports of' shellac tvoiight that country up to fourth place as a source of chemical wn ii~nterialsin 1946, and although the value of shipments iloulileci in 1917, larger supplies of chemical products from c Itlicr u e m plnc.e(-lthis cnnuntry farther tlo1v-n the list. 1~:urcipe:tn shipments nere ahout 60% of t,he p r e ~ i - tlollnr :~
EXPORTS
Selected Chemicals, I 9 4 7
Quantity in pounds unless otherwise noted. Value in dollars. SOURCE: Bureau of the Census
Acetic acid Acetic anhydride Acetone Acetylsalicylic acid. in bulk Alkyd resins Ammonia, anhydrous Ammonium nitrate Butanol Butyl acetate Calcium carbide Crrbon disulfide Carbon tetrachloride Cellulose plastic m3lding compounds Chlorine Chromic acid Ethyl acetate Ethylene glvcoi Glycerol Hydrochioric acid Nitric acid Phenol Polymers of styrene, etc. Potassium hydroxide Sodium acetate Sodium benzoate, tech. & med. Sodium bicarbonate Sodium carbonate, calcined Sodium silicate Sulfaguanidine, bulk & dose forms Sulfanilimide, bulk & dose forms Sulfathiazol deriv., bulk & dose forms Sulfuric acid Tartaric acid Toluene
Quantity 11,395,646 1,855,046 37,063,366 3,185,033 15,357,108 12,123,884 13,369,372 22,177,665 18,437,558 42,784,222 6,664,8 18 6,340,026 18,102,375 12,776,810 1,578,772 2,325,359 18,117,432 4,378,068 5,727,633 2,459,898 20,983,747 36,128,906 18,625,658 928,961 2,271,398 60,634,374 3,636,588 63,723,599 176,930 623,366 1,638,069 '4,582,766 1,219.485 754 .7 482
Value 2,023,3 2 5 275,363 3,645,120 1,613,542 4,856,805 1,192,03 1 632,93 2 6,786,713 5,887,185 1,864,016 481,486 436,550 8,307,113 401,998 491,704 481,591 1,957,265 2,084,651 359,528 361,213 3,535,914 16,177,356 1,524,890 103,689 1,110,239 1,736,780 230,718 1,833,152 747,685 623,347 4,904,3 1.1 773,749 569,845 943,980 2.b76.463
Vol. 40, No. 6
volunie in 191i, Ii-ith the United Kingdom, France, Sn.itzei.land, the Netherlands, and Belgium predominating in th:it area. These consisted chiefly of coal-tar products from the United Kingdom and Swit,zerland, vegetable oils and n-axes from France and t'he Setherlands, soap and toilet preparxtions from France, and industrial chemicals from Belgium. hrgols, tartrates, and wine lees, ivhich were imported from South America during the war years, again are being shipped in sizable quantities to this country from Italy. A significant developnient in the import trade in the Inst two decades occurred in the ran- material fields in Africa. Pyrethrum was first planted in Kenya Colony in 1928 antl cummercial production was on a small scale by 1932. Pyrethrum is noiv grown in both Kenya and Tanganyika antl ranks as our principal import item from British East Africa. The Belgian Congo also esports sizable quantities of pyrethrum anti similar products to the United States, antl the r n i o n of South Africa is a comparatively important source of tiatural dyeing and tanning materials. S o major reduction in the 1-nitetl States foreign rlie1iiir:tl tr:de is foreseeable at this time. Chemicals are included :ti. part of tlie European Recovery Program. d rnoveriient i i i iiiuiiy foreign countries to restrict imports to essentid cnmiiiorlitie.: either hecause oi lack of foreign escliange or to protect tlomestic enterprises has less adverse effect on cliemicnls than on other lines liecause of the broad industrial use of chenii d s . Conipetition from other world suppliers n-ill be keen i i i m i i e respects. However, consumption. it is believed, will lie greater and will offset less favorahle factors. Likewise, tlieir is a continuous stream of new products resulting from rxpaiided resea1,ch programs.
IMPORTS
Selected Chemicals, 1947
Quantity in pounds unless otherwise noted. Value SOURCE: Bureau of the Census in dollars.
Acetanilide, etc., not medicinal Ammonium chloride Arsenic trioxide, specified content Barium nitrate Butyl alcohol Caffeine Calcium acetate, crude Calcium carbide Chloroacetic acid Ethanolamine mono-, di-, tri-, etc. Ethyl acetate Ethyl alcohol, gal. Hydrochloric acid Magnesium carbonate, pptd. Menthol, natural Naphthalene, solid Naphthenic acids, gal. Phosphoric acid Phosphorus Potassium chlorate Potassium cyanide Potassium perchlorate Quinine alkaloid, avoirdupois ounce Quinine sulfate, avoirdupois ounce Saccharin Sodium bicarbonate Sodium chlorate Sodium hydroxide Sodium sjlicoiluoride Sulfuric a i ' y c l C a t h e t i c pnv;!,ilic resin, etc. l'heobromir!e S&niX+i i nyl a,.cm!': :.olymerized, etc. i : n c sulhtr
Quantity 9 18,896 1,205,935 27,967,007 131,934 205,499 42,356 1,540,959 543,513 92,378 15,434 20,810 3 1,931,550 62,000 272,800 478,148 2,574,046 1,038,815 65,075 614,510 424,680 44,324 120,640 25,500 620,202 2,142 80,641 259,426 2,106,438 2,363,057 62,048,046 109,894 30,759 3,770 290,3 11 590,846
Value 215,605 49,449 1,15 1,446 9,511 35,561 25 1,072 40,032 12,126 18,172 15,535 2,114 20,351,930 1,364 34,799 3,295,973 162,260 374,992 4,556 129,419 25,929 17,948 8,800 27,635 441,186 3,606 3,402 12,490 170,079 97,040 409,909 23,671 158,846 11.235 124;961 16,867
I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G Cl H E M I S T R
June 1948
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INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
Vol. 40, No. 6
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