Ultratrace Metal Analysis in Biological Sciences and Environment

Acrodermatitis enteropathica. 211. Adults, copper and ceruloplasmin in 239. Age, serum copper in relation to . . 230. Age and sex, copper and cerulo p...
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A Absorption settings, atomic 137ί Absorption spectrophotometry . . . . 58 ACHEX Study 42 Acrodermatitis enteropathica 211 Adults, copper and ceruloplasmin in 239 Age, serum copper in relation to . . 230 Age and sex, copper and cerulo­ plasmin levels as a function of 242 Aging 231 Air sampling 45 Airborne metallic elements 54 Alcohol 204 Alkali earth elements 59 Alkaline earth elements 59 Aluminum 42, 59, 179/, 192/ Ames test 74 AMV polymerase activity 118/ Analytical calibration curves 103/-106/, 108/ Chemistry Branch 54 results for trace elements in urine 107i Anderson impactor 44 Anemia disorders 28 Animal feeds 18i Anodic stripping voltammetry 58 Arsenic 2, 29, 42 Aspergillus niger 112 Association of American Feed Control Officials 17 Atomic absorption 58 spectrometry 40,44 spectrophotometry 34 Automotive exhaust, particulate matter in 158f, 159i

Β Bacillus subtilis strain 168, trace metal uptake by 172 Background correction 100 Bacterial culture media 20f, 21t Beryllium 28 Biochemical processes, zinc in . . . . 112 Biochemistry 217 Biological implications 6 Birmingham 64* Bone, calcined 16f Bromine 42 Burns and skin disorders 206

Cadmium

2, 3, 29, 73, 104/, 106/ 134, 135/, 137/, 180/, 191/ concentrations 68i standardization curves 144/ Calcium 42, 173, 181/, 192/ California Tri-City Project 42 Cancer 28 lung 74 Carboxylic acid inhibitors 130i Carboxypeptidase A, zinc in 123 Carcinogen(s) 73 screening, in vitro 74 Carcinogenesis testing, tissue culture system in metal 76 Cascade impactor characteristics . . 46 Cascade Impactor Network, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 42 Casella impactor 44 Cell transformation assay 74 Certified Standard Reference Materials 2 Ceruloplasmin 233 in adults 239 concentrations, serum .241*, 247/-249/ levels as a function of age and sex 242 in the newborn and in children . 239 Chemists, role of 29 Chicago 68f Children, copper and cemloplasrnin in the newborn and in 239 Children, zinc deficiency in 201 Chromium . .1, 2, 29, 73, 106/, 182/, 193/ concentrations 65t Clean Air Act, The 28 Cloning of transformed colonies . . . 79 Coals, metals in oils and 155* Cobalt 73 Collagen diseases 207 Colonies, morphology of normal and transformed 81 Concentration and particle size considerations 148 Concentration ranges 154i Consumer Product Safety Commission 28 Copper . . .1, 2, 42, 134, 139/, 183/, 190/ accumulation, disorders of 235 in adults 239 concentrations, serum 240£, 245/, 246/

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Copper (continued) deficiency, diseases of in the environment enzyme components in the enzyme system in human urine levels as a function of age and sex metabolism, hormonal control of in the newborn and in children . in relation to age, serum

ANALYSIS

233 231 233 232 100/ 242 237 239 230

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D Dansyl groups 125/ Deficiency (ies) diseases of copper 233 in humans 1 zinc 197 in children 201 enzyme changes in 218 in infants 202 in man, experimental production of 212 nutritional 198 Detroit 68* Deuterium arc intensity 142/ Diabetes 207 Disease(s) collagen 207 of copper deficiency 233 liver 204 neoplastic 206 renal 205 sickle ceU 209 Wilsons 236 Diseased subjects, impaired wound healing in chronically 206 Disorders of copper accumulation 235 gastrointestinal 205 genetic 209,212 skin 206 Dissolution of collected particulate matter 49* DNA polymerases, zinc and RNA-dependent 115

I N SCIENCE

A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

Euglena gracilis 114 Eukaryotic cellular metabolism, zinc and 113 Excretion in human urine, trace element 92* Exhaust, particulate matter in automotive 158*, 159* Exposure, safe levels of 28

F Federal Air Pollution Research and Technical Assistance Act . . . . Filter(s) preparation Fish solubles Flame absorption spectroscopy . . . Flour, wheat Fluorescence assays, stopped-flow . Fluorine Food composition Food tables Fuel oils 160*,

57 47 61 16* 34 16* 127/ 2 7 3 161*

G Gallium Gastrointestinal disorders Gastrointestinal tract Genetic disorders

106/ 205 41 209,212

H Health implications Hi-volume sampler Hormonal control of copper metabolism Humans, deficiencies in Humans, zinc in

27 57 237 1 197

x

£ Emission sources mobile natural stationary Emissions, airborne Energy transfer, resonance Environment, copper in Environmental Protection Agency . Cascade Impactor Network, U.S. Enzyme changes in zinc deficiency chemical features of zinc components, copper system, copper in

157 150 152 149* 124 231 28 42 218 121 233 232

I Iatrogenic causes 207 Impactor Anderson 44 Casella 44 characteristics 45 Cascade 46 Lundgren 44 Unico 44 Induction-Coupled Argon Plasma (ICAP) 10 Infants, zinc nutrition and deficiency in 202 Infestations, parasitic 207 International Atomic Energy Agency 2,15 Iodine 2 Iron 1, 2, 42, 103/, 105/, 134, 140/, 141/, 184/, 191/

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Ν Kanawha Valley Kidney disorders Kidney stone

65* 28 22

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Lead

2, 27, 29, 42, 59, 69*, 134, 136/, 138/, 185/, 193/ Leaves, orchard 14*-17*, 38* Liver, bovine 14*-17*, 38* Liver disease 204 Los Angeles 68* Lundgren impactor 44 Lung cancers 74 Lung disease, chronic 28

M Magnesium 186/, 190/ Manganese 3, 42, 56, 187/, 191/ concentrations 64*, 65* Matter, particulate 40 in automotive exhaust 158*, 159* dissolution of collected 49* Mercury 2, 28, 55 Metabolism hormonal control of copper . . . . 237 mineral 237 of zinc 216 zinc and eukaryotic cellular . . . . 113 zinc in nucleic acid and protein 119 Metal(s) biologically toxic 147* carcinogenesis testing, tissue culture system in 76 compounds, preparation and characterization of 79 emissions, analysis of the variation of 52 environmentally important . . . . 148* in the atmosphere, sources of 146 essential and nonessential 231 in oils and coals 155* salts, transformation of Syrian hamster cells by diverse . . 84*, 85* to sources, relating airborne . . . 165 transformation assay 77 transformation of Syrian hamster cells by 83 uptake by Bacillus subtilis strain 168, trace 172 Metallic elements, airborne 54 Metalloenzymes 33 zinc 116*, 121 Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl 56 Mineral(s) 237 metabolism 237 Molybdenum 2 analysis of 33 Motor oils 162*, 163* Multielement analysis 10

Nasopharyngal system 41 National Air Surveillance Networks 54 Bureau of Standards 3 Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 28 Nebulization, ultrasonic 92 Neoplasms, malignant 74 Neoplastic diseases 206 Neurologic disorders 28 Neutron activation 58 analysis 40,44 New York City 68* Newborn and in children, copper and cemloplasmin in the . . . . 239 Ni3S2-induced transformation . . . . 86 Ni3S2-transformed colony 80/, 82 Nickel 3, 29, 42, 73 concentrations 67* -induced transformation in tissue culture 73 Non-urban sites 67* Nucleic acid and protein metabolism, zinc in 119 Nutrition in infants, zinc 202 Nutrition, trace element analysis in 1

Ο Oils and coals, metals in Optical emission spectrometer . . . . Optimal range

155* 58 4

Ρ Parakeratosis Particles, airborne Particles, analysis of sizefractionated Particulate(s) collected from ambient air, elements in matter, nature of overall ambient ranges Pennsylvania Phenyl acetate inhibition Philadelphia Plasma-atomic emission spectrome­ try, inductively coupled Platinum Potato Power plant Pregnancy Protein metabolism, zinc in nucleic acid and Pulmonary system

197 41 48 62* 60 60* 43 129/ 68* 91 70 16* 156* 208 119 41

R Rayleigh scattering Recombination efFects, stray light and

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Recommended Dietary Allowances Renal disease Reproductive disorders Resonance energy transfer Respiratory tract Rhabdomyosarcomas RNA -dependent DNA polymerases, zinc and polymerase I activity synthesis, zinc in eukaryotic . . .

ANALYSIS

2 205 28 124 41 74 115 119/ 120

S Sarcomas 74 Sea water derived samples 134 Selenium 1, 2, 42 in urine 101/ Serum ceruloplasmin concentra­ tions 241*, 247/-249Z copper concentrations . 240*, 245/, 246/ copper in relation to age 230 Sex, copper and ceruloplasmin levels as a function of age and 242 Sickle cell disease 209 Silicon 3,42 Silver 188/, 192/ Size considerations, concentration and particle . . . 148 Skin disorders, burns and 206 Sodium 42 Spark-source mass spectrometry . . 58 Spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission 91 Spike recovery tests 36 Stray light and recombination effects 102 Sulfur 42 Syrian hamster cells 82* by diverse metal salts, transformation of 84*, 85* fetal 78/, 79/ colony 81/ by metals, transformation of . . . 83

I N SCIENCE

A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

Transformation Ni3S2-induced 86 of Syrian hamster cells by diverse metal 84*, 85* of Syrian hamster cells by metals 83 Transformed colonies, cloning of . . 79 Tryptophan 125/ U Ultrasonic nebulization 92 Unico impactor 44 Urban 65* sites 67* Urine analysis 95* analytical results for trace elements in 107* copper in human 100/ selenium in 101/ trace element concentrations for human 93* trace element excretion in human 92* trace elements in 91

V Vanadium Variation of metal emissions, analysis of

3,42,60 52

W

Wavelength profiles 99,101/ Whooping crane feathers 20*, 21* Wilson's Disease 236 Wound healing in chronically diseased subjects, impaired . . 206

X X-ray fluorescence Xanthine oxidase

58 33

Y Τ Thiocyanate colorimetric method . 34 Tin 3 Tissue culture nickel-induced transformation in 73 system in metal carcinogenesis testing 76 techniques, general 77 Titanium 42,59 Toxic metals, biologically 147* Trace elements in urine 91 Trade name product issue 31 Tranchiobronchial system 41

Yttrium

108/ Ζ

Zinc .1, 2, 42, 108/, 189/, in biochemical processes in carboxypeptidase A deficiency in children enzyme changes in in infants in man, experimental production of enzyme, chemical features of . .

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190/ 112 123 197 201 218 202 212 121

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113 120 197 216 121

Zinc (continued) in nucleic acid and protein metabolism nutrition in infants nutritional deficiency of and RNA-dependent DNA polymerases

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Zinc (continued) and eukaryotic cellular metabolism in eukaryotic RNA synthesis . . . in humans metabolism of metalloenzymes 116f,

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119 202 198 115