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Environmental Measurements Methods
Uptake and Translocation of Styrene Maleic Anhydride Nanoparticles in Murraya Exotica Plants as Revealed by Noninvasive, Real-Time Optical Bioimaging Tai-Ran Zhang, Chuan-Xi Wang, Feng-Qin Dong, Zhi-Yue Gao, ChaoJie Zhang, Xian-Juan Zhang, Li-Min Fu, Yuan Wang, and Jian-Ping Zhang Environ. Sci. Technol., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05689 • Publication Date (Web): 03 Jan 2019 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on January 4, 2019
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Environmental Science & Technology
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Uptake and Translocation of Styrene Maleic
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Anhydride Nanoparticles in Murraya Exotica
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Plants as Revealed by Noninvasive, Real-Time
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Optical Bioimaging
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Tai-Ran Zhang,† Chuan-Xi Wang,|| Feng-Qin Dong,§ Zhi-Yue Gao,|| Chao-Jie Zhang,†
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Xian-Juan Zhang,† Li-Min Fu,†,* Yuan Wang,|| and Jian-Ping Zhang†,*
8 †
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Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
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||
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of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and Academy for
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Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry
§
The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of
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Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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E-mail addresses of authors
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T.-R. Zhang:
[email protected]; C.-X. Wang:
[email protected] 17
F.-Q. Dong:
[email protected]; Z.-Y. Gao:
[email protected] 18
C.-J. Zhang:
[email protected]; X.-J. Zhang:
[email protected] 19
L.-M. Fu:
[email protected]; Y. Wang:
[email protected] 20 21
*To whom correspondence should be addressed
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E-mail:
[email protected] (J.-P. Zhang)
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Tel: +86-10-62516604 1
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Environmental Science & Technology
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ABSTRACT：This paper reports the in vivo uptake and translocation of PNPs in the one-year
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grown terrestrial plant, Murraya exotica (M. exotica), as investigated by two-photon excitation and
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time-resolved (TPE-TR) optical imaging with a large field of view (FOV, 32×32 mm2) in a
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noninvasive and real-time manner. The PNPs ( = 12±4.5 nm) synthesized from
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poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) were Eu-luminescence labeled (λ L ∼ 617 nm). On
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exposing the roots of living M. exotica plants to the colloidal suspension of SMA PNPs at different
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concentration, the spatiotemporal evolution of SMA PNPs along plant stems (60 mm in length)
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were monitored by TPE-TR imaging, which rendered rich information on the uptake and
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translocation of PNPs without any interference from the autofluorescence of the plant tissues. The
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TPE-TR imaging combined with the high-resolution anatomy revealed an inter-cell-wall route in
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the lignified epidermis of M. exotica plants for SMA PNP uptake and translocation, as well as the
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similar accumulation kinetics at different positions along the plant stems. We modeled the
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accumulation kinetics with Gaussian distribution to account for the trapping probability of a SMA
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PNP by the lignified cell walls, allowing the statistical parameters, the average trapping time (t m )
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and its variance (σ), to be derived for the quantification of the PNP accumulation in individual
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plants. The TPE-TR imaging and the analysis protocols established herein will be helpful in
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exploring the mechanism of plant-PNP interaction under physiological condition.
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Environmental Science & Technology
1. INTRODUCTION With the advancements of nanoscience and nanotechnology, functional nanomaterials have found
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a wide range of potential and practical applications.1-4 Meanwhile, nanomaterials upon production
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and usage may enter the ecosystems,5 and thus entail potential environmental and ecological
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consequences. Particularly, the uptake and translocation of nanomaterials by living organisms and
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the biological consequences have been crucial issues of scientific research.6-11 It is well known that
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plastic microparticles (PMPs,
