Valences of vanadium. Dem. 636 - Journal of Chemical Education

Valences of vanadium. Dem. 636. Robert Barnard. J. Chem. Educ. , 1969, 46 (6), p A452. DOI: 10.1021/ed046pA452.5. Publication Date: June 1969. Cite th...
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5 ml 6 d4' HC1 in C-2. Add a few granules of Zn. When react,ion ceases, add more granules. Continue uutil the solution becomes clear and projects well.

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Sn++ Sn Zn++; and Zn Observations: Zn 2H+ Zn++ HI. AS the bubbles of Hz form, they pull the tin to the top as a spongy mass. After about four additions of Zn the solution clears and projects well.

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Dem. 632-Amphoteric

Sn(OH),

Experiment developed by S. 8. Dunham and L. P. Johnson (Princeton-63). To shozu: droxide.

The amphoteric properties of stannous hy-

Materials: C-3.

SnC12-2H20dil. HC1, NaOH-aq, stirrer,

Procedure: Dissolve 1 g SnCI2.2H20in 50 ml water. Project C-3 with each cell half-full of this solution. (a) Now add NaOH dropwise with stirring, to cell 2 until a precipitate persists, and to cell 3 until the precipitate which first forms, redissolves. (b) Reverse the process by adding HC1 drop-wise, with stirring, until both cells 2 and 3 are clear. (c) Leaving these same solutions in the cells, repeat cycle (a, b). Observations: What occurs is explained by the following expressions: NaOH

SnCb

NaOH

Sn(0H). ?jc NalSn01

HCL

HCl

Dem. 633-Amphoteric

Ph(OHJ2

Experiment developed by Alphonse Palermo. To show:

The amphoteric properties of lead hydroxide.

Materials: Pb(NO&aq, stirrer, C-3.

NaOH-aq, dil. HN03-aq,

Procedure: Project C-3 with each cell half-full of water. Into each put 5 drops Pb(NO&aq. (a) Now add NaOH dropwise with stirring to cell 2 until the precipitate persists. To cell 3 add NaOH-aq. until the precipitate which first forms re-dissolves. (b) Reverse the process by adding dil. HN03 to cells 2 and S until they are clear. (c) Repeat cycle by adding NaOH-aq, then dil. HNOl to cells 2 and 3. Observations: What occurs is explained by the following expressions: OHOHPb'+

Dem. 634-Lead

= H+

Pb(OH)>~5 P b O i H*

Chromate versus Barium Chromate

To show The formatiou of chromates of lead and barium, and the difference in their solubilities in acid. Materials: Pb(NO&aq, HOAc-aq, stirrer, C-2.

BaCL-aq, I