ISDC-STRI.4L -IAI-DEiVGINEERING CHEMISTRY
March, 1926
Liquid in cake Per cent 60 to 65 43 to 47 50 to 55 37 to 40
Plate and frame press centrifugal extractor Continuous vacuum filter, normal procedure Continuous vacuum filter, improved procedure
Filtration of a more impervious product yielded a cake of the following composition:
The discharge of four types of filters operating on another chemical are given below, the percentage of liquor being given in terms of a liquid impurity contained i n the cake: Leaf type filter Centrifugal extractor Continuous vacuum filter Continuous pressure filter
of increasing the filtration rate of viscous oils by the use of high temperature makes it particularly efficient for handling these. The separation of paraffin from oil and of hard fats from vegetable and animal oils are promising fields for which this filter is being developed.
Liquid in cake Per cent 70 to 78 65 t o 70 60 to 65
Plate and frame press Continuous vacuum filter, improved procedure Continuous pressure filter
Liquid impurity in cake Per cent 20 to 25 10 t o 15 10 to 12 8 to 10
The expression “improved procedure” used above designates special attachments to the continuous vacuum filters and a special operating procedure developed in the plant. Although the continuous pressure filter is usually capable of producing a filter cake of superior quality, it is
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Figure 4-Permeability of Filter Cake
FILTER VALVE
Figure 3-Recirculation
System
not always economical to operate so, as an appreciable increase in capacity can usually be obtained by running a t low quality. Commercial Uses Several commercial units of the enclosed continuous type have been installed for operation on petroleum distillates, the recirculation process being used except for high-viscosity oils. This filter is particularly efficient for clarification of oils with various solid clarifying agents. The possibility
The installation shown in Figures 1 and 2 has operated successfully for some time in a dyestuff plant. This particular unit was designed to operate a t a pressure of 10 atmospheres and has a capacity for this work equal to that originally obtained with two large pressure leaf filters and two centrifugals. The quality of the filter cake is far superior to the original and operating labor has been greatly reduced. A similar installation has separated iron oxide sludge from intermediates obtained by the reduction of nitro bodies with iron. It is interesting to note that steam is used as the pressure medium for this operation and that a filter cake is obtained practically free from the intermediate without a water wash. This type of filter has been proposed for use in separating cottonseed oil from the press cake. A small unit operated successfully in the sugar industry has been followed by a large unit which is now undergoing test prior to being put into production. The filtration of crystals from concentrated mother liquors which must be maintained a t definite, high temperatures to prevent crystallization of undesired impurities has been successfully carried out on a small scale in this type of filter.
Varnish Industries Combine Tv-o of the oldest concerns in the paint and varnish industry in this country were combined in the acquisition by the Standard T-arnish Works of all the capital stock of Toch Brothers, Inc. Toch Brothers, Inc., has been continuously under the management of one family since its foundation in 1848. With Henry AM.Toch as president, Maximilian Toch as vice president, and Harry E . Baer as secretary-treasurer, there is assurance that the policies will be continued. This amalgamation will permit rapid expansion of Toch Brothers, Inc., through the additional facilities afforded by the large plants of the Standard Varnish M’orks a t Elm Park, N. Y.; Chicago, Ill. ; London, England; Paris, France; Berlin, Germany; Milan, Italy; Barcelona, Spain; and a newly completed lacquer factory a t Linden, N. J. The manufacture of the Toch Brothers, Inc., products will be in charge of Maximilian Toch and Arthur D. Robson, vice president
in charge of operations of the Standard Varnish Works. Henry M. Toch has, moreover, consented to become chairman of the board of the Standard Varnish Works James S. Wolf, treasurer of the Standard Varnish Works, will have charge of the financial matters of the company. J. H . Wood, president of the Standard Varnish Company of Illinois, remains in charge of the western division. Maximilian Toch, in the capacity of vice president of the Standard Varnish Works, will devote his entire attention to the development and manufacture of both lines of products. This is the third important announcement made by the Standard Varnish Works since the installation of its present management barely a year ago. It follows the news of the completion of a large and modern lacquer factory and the acquisition of the Standard Varnish Company of Illinois. This organization was originally part of the Standard Varnish Works but was separated from i t in 1918.
