topics, such as, Firing a Furnace, the Choice of Fuels, Humidifying and Drying Air, Ventilation, Air as Motive Power, should certainly satisfy those who maintain that &st-year chemistry bas become too theoretical. The b w k has numerous aids for both the student and instructor. These include: (a) collateral reading in books and journals; ( b ) a total of 1600 questions on the textual material and practical applications; ( c ) cross-references; (d) review sections: ( e ) ideal recitations; (f)"How to Study"; ( g )judicious selection; ( k ) pronunciation of proper names; (i) occasional summaries; (j)chronological table of the discovery ot the elements; etc. A few features mieht - be imoroved. Very few authors have properly tied Radioactivity to Atomic Shucturc. The discussion of Indicators is too detailed fur an introductory hook. The definition of a mold sulurion ( 0 401) does not harmonize with that of other authorities. ~d.bntiu& chloride is used in certain of the late models of gasheated refrigerators. More pictures of scientists would increase the cultural value of the book. Same of the diagrams might be improved-8. g., Figure 49b shows a stopper as a thin disk quite well pushed down into the neck of the flask, etc. The number assigned to this diagram causes the reviewer t o suspect that the figure was inadvertently omitted in the first set-up. Perhaps there is some argument favoring the memorizing of about 40 valences as suggested on p. 188. The author virtually denies the existence of molecules of acids, bases, and salts on p. 188, but apparently grants their existence on p. 257. Organic bases are mentioned on p. 180 while the term organic is not defined until p. 200. Those interested will want t o laow whether or not this volume is merely an abbreviated edition of "General Chemistry" by the same author. With the erceotion of a verv number of ~* small ~~~.. figures, tables, paragraphs, and chapter headings, it most certainly is not. The smaller book might be regarded as somewhat pandemic in character, yet, barring the abbreviated treatment of the periodic classification of the elements, it will sufficiently serve the elementary needs of the student expecting to major in chemistry. The book is refreshingly different in these days of multiplicity. Some of the practical questions might be found embarrassing t o the instructor-that is, if the student insisted on a satisfying answer. JESSE E. DAY T m Onm Sr~rsUmsasrru Co~mreos,oar0 ~~
CALCULATIONS OF QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS. Carl J. Engelder, Ph.D., Professor of Analytical Chemistry. University of Pittsburgh. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City. 1933. viii 174 pp. 15 X 23 em. $2.00.
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The purpose of the author has been to supply a gmup of prob: lems for use with the course in qualitative chemistry. More than 800 problems are arranged according to topic into fifteen groups. The subjects treated are ( 1 ) mathematical operations, ( 2 ) the writing of chemical equations, (3) the preparation and use of reagents, (4) molar and gram-ion concentrations, (5) ionization equilibria, ( 6 ) soluhility-product equilibria. (7) complex-ion equilibria, (8) hydrolysis equilibria. ( 9 ) oxidationreduction equilibria. Each topic is carefully developed in considerable detail and illustrated by means of the solutions of numerous problems. Of the numbered problems, answers are given far those with odd numbers. A convenient appendix includes a table of atomic weights, a list of solubility products and densities for solutions of strong acids and ammonia. The outstanding feature of the h w k appears t o be the painstaking care exercised by the author t o bring the material presented within the reach of the elementary student. The book is a valuable addition to chemical literature and should prove very
useful t o those desiring problems t o accompany a coune in qualitative chemistry. LYMAN J. Woon ST.Lours UNIVBBSITY SCAOOLOF MBD~CZWB ST. LOU18. MISSOURI
RECENT BOOKS T m TECUNICAI.ARTSAND SCIENCESOF ~m ANCIENTS.Albert Naberger. Translated by Henry L. Brose, MA., D.Phil. (Oxon), F.1nst.P. The Macmillan Co., New York City, 1930, xxxii 518 pages. 16 X 23 cm. 676 Illustrations. $10.00.
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This is a book with which any one will find i t easy t o spend an hour in looking a t the pictures and in reading the legends which accompany them. The illustrations average more than one to each page. It is a hook in which the reviewer, after reading for a while, wished to read still one section mare, and again still another, until the evening was gone. I t is a hook to be read and a book to be consulted, a hook for every library of engineering or science or history, and a hook for all who have found pleasure in a visit to a great Art Museum. I t is a challenge t o those who value the Ancients solely because of their language and literature. High-school students will profit by an opportunity to examine it. A copy ought t o be in the high-school library where it will serve t o supplementand perhaps t o neutralize and set in proper perspective--the instruction which the students receive in the political history of the Ancients. The author points out that the technical activity of man has had its periods of wax and wane, that ancient times and the present are alike in being times of great activity, and that technical science during the Middle Ages "suffered stagnation in consequence of being restricted within the narrow limits and regulations imposed by the system of guilds which rigorously prescribed the hours of work, the number of qualified workmen, the types of raw material to he used, as well as the shape and size of all the means involved." Our present scientific knowledge of course vastly exceeds that of the Ancients, hut the Ancients appear to have used such as they had unceasingly and to better advantage than we do. Time and pains were no object to them, and slave labor was abundant. About one-third of the hook is devoted to matters which are really chemical, metals and metallurgy, the preparation and treatment of leather, fermentation, oils, fats, soaps, and perfumes, preserving and embalming, ceramics, glass, dyes and dyeing, paints and pigments, etc. But it would be an exceptional chemist who would not be interested in the rest of the hook, in the technical applications of physical principles, mechanics and machines, methods of producing fire, lighting and heating, town-planning, fortifications, dwellings, monmnents and public buildings, building materials, water supply, drains and sewers, irrigation, roads and bridges, ships and ship-building, harbors, etc. TENNEYL. DAVIS MASS. INST.OF TBC~WDLOOY C ~ ~ a m n lMnss. ;~.
T m MOSTIWORTANT MILESTONES M TBE DEVELOPMENT OF CEEMISTRYDURING THH LAST ONE HUNDREDAND FIPTY YEARS. (In Russian.) B. N. Mashulkin. Academy of Science of U. S. S. R., Leningrad, 1932. 116 pp. 15 X 23 cm. Rubles, 1.25. In this very compact h w k Professor Menshutkin gives us an excellent survey of the development of modern chemical science. In order to bring out its continuous growth and logical development, he devotes considerable space t o an account of the genesis of its underlying concepts. The book is subdivided as follows: Preface; I, Chemistry before 1770; 11, The Chemical Revolution of the Close of the Eighteenth Century; 111, Combination between Chemical Elements; IV, The Atomic Hypothesis in Chemistry; V, The Rise of Structural Chemistry; VI, The Victory of the Molecular Theory; VII, The Chemical Elements and Spectrum Analysis; VIII, The Periodic Law and the Periodic System of the Elements; IX, The Periodic System, New Chemical Elements, and Valence; X, Physical Chemistry and the Phase Rule;
XI, Radioactivity and the Radioactive Elements; XII, The Structure of the Atom and of Matter; XIII, Atomic Numbers and Isotopes; XIV. What is an Element? and Conclusion. The present review has been prepared with the help of Nicholas D. Constan. We hope that Professor Menshutkin will soon give us the "History of Russian Chemistry" which he is so well qualified to write. TENNEYL. DAVIS MASS.INST. OF TBCANOLODY CA~~DWGB M, a s .
A NEW NOMENCLATURE oa CEEMISTRY. Lyman S@elding. (Reproduced from the Original, 1796.) After supplying its own historical needs the American Phannaceutical Association has on hand a number of copies of reproductions of "A New Nomenclature of Chemistry proposed by Messrs. De Morveau, Lavoisier, Berthollet, and Fourcroy; with Additions and Improvements by Lyman Spalding. M.B., Lecturer on Chemistry in Dartmouth University." Dr. Lyman Spalding is the Father of the United States Pharmacopaeia, now in its Eleventh Decennial Revision. The size of the booklet is 23 X 28 cm.-12 pages in heavy paper cover. I n order t o defray the cost of reproduction a charge of $1.00 per copy postpaid is made. Those desiring a copy should address American Pharmaceutical Association, 10 W. Chase St., Baltimore, hld.
INTROD~CTORY COLLEGE CHEMISTRY. Horace G. Deming, Professor of Chemistry, University of Nebraska. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. New York City. 1933. xii 590 pp. 158 Figs., 56 Tables (unnumbered). 14 X 21.5 cm. 83.00. The author believing that "chemistry is often made unattractive by generalizing too early" has first considered "some of the phenomena afforded by the chemical landscape as a whole," which, in turn, "implies historical perspective and command of general principles.'' The preface leads the reader to expect too much in this respect, for we find "Early Views with Regard to Matter" on p. 3, "Two Kinds of Properties" on p. 17, "Law of Conservation of Weight," on p. 32, etc. The first extensive generalization-Dalton's Atomic Theory-appears on p. 66. Grantedly, one isn't in the field of chemistry until atoms and molecules have found a place in the imaginationand the development of the imagination should not be halted just because one is in the "teens" of his freshman y-. Withal, the author has, perhaps, remained as closely t o his ideal as is humanly possible. The hook is divided into four sections: Preliminary (195 pp.). The Non-metals (244 pp.), The Metals (98 pp.), and Organic Chemistry (34 pp ), these heing followed by a Conclusion and Appendix in which is included either a re-statement or page reference to sixty-five important tenns. While the arrangement of material in Part I is somewhat different from that found in most introductory chemistry texts, the totality is not widely variant. The kinetic molecular theory is absent as such, hut is found imbedded in the presentation of "The States of Matter" in which is also included the "Brownian Movement." Thirteen pages are devoted to "Hydrogen Ion." The historical perspective of the chapter on Ions is maintained from Faraday's experiments through the Arrhenius picture closing with the structure of the atom. With but eight to ten departures the chapters are of about a desirable size for purposes of instruction and study. The study of the metals is somewhat unique in that most of this material is brought together in one chapter of 31 pages, with little or nothing concerning their more utilitarian compounds. The chapters concerned with Mortars and Cements, the Ceramic Industries, and Iron contain some very valuable cultural information. Some of the
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