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Yeast #-glucan Suppresses the Chronic Inflammation and Improves the Microenvironment in Adipose Tissues of ob/ob Mice Yan Cao, Ying Sun, Siwei Zou, Bingchao Duan, Mengying Sun, and Xiaojuan Xu J. Agric. Food Chem., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04921 • Publication Date (Web): 29 Dec 2017 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on December 30, 2017

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Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry is published by the American Chemical Society. 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036 Published by American Chemical Society. Copyright © American Chemical Society. However, no copyright claim is made to original U.S. Government works, or works produced by employees of any Commonwealth realm Crown government in the course of their duties.

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Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

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Yeast β-Glucan Suppresses the Chronic Inflammation and Improves the

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Microenvironment in Adipose Tissues of ob/ob Mice

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Yan Cao, Ying Sun, Siwei Zou, Bingchao Duan, Mengying Sun, and Xiaojuan Xu*

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College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072,

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China.

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*Corresponding

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[email protected]

author:

Xiaojuan

Xu.

Tel/Fax:

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ABSTRACT

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Inflammation in visceral adipose tissues (VATs) contributes to the pathology of

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diabetes. This study focused on the inflammatory regulation in VATs by a yeast

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β-1,3-glucan

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pro-inflammatory modulators of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, CCL2, and SAA3, and increased

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anti-inflammatory factors of Azgp1 (2.53±0.02 fold change) at protein and/or mRNA

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levels (p 0.8; b, 0.8 ≥ probability > 0.6; c, 0.6 ≥ probability > 0.4; d, 0.4 ≥ probability > 0.1.

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(B) RT-PCR confirmed the mRNA expression of the pro- and anti- inflammation

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cytokines in VATs, data represent mean ± SD of three mice per group. *p < 0.05 versus

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ob/ob mice.

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Figure 5. BYG decreased fibrosis in VATs from ob/ob mice. (A) The RNA-Seq result

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of the expression profiles of the fibrosis-related genes in VAT of ob/ob mice (two mice

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per group). a, probability > 0.8; b, 0.8 ≥ probability > 0.6; c, 0.6 ≥ probability > 0.4; d,

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0.4 ≥ probability > 0.1. (B) The representative images of masson’s trichrome stained

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VATs. (C) The statistical analysis of the masson’s trichrome staining. Data represent

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mean ± SD of three mice per group. *p < 0.05 versus ob/ob group.

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Figure 6. BYG decreased angiogenesis in VATs from ob/ob mice. (A) The RNA-Seq

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result of the expression profiles of the angiogenesis-related genes in VAT of ob/ob

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mice (two mice per group). a, probability > 0.8; b, 0.8 ≥ probability > 0.6; c, 0.6 ≥

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probability > 0.4; d, 0.4 ≥ probability > 0.1. (B) Effect of BYG on VEGF protein

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expression in VATs of ob/ob mice (four mice per group) detected by Western blotting 26

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analysis. (C) The quantitative analysis of VEGF protein expression. Data represent

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mean ± SD of three mice per group. *p < 0.05 versus ob/ob group. (D) The

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representative images of VATs stained by CD34. (E) The statistical analysis result of

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the CD34 staining. Data represent mean ± SD of three mice per group. *p < 0.05

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versus ob/ob group.

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Figure 7. BYG altered the gut microbiota and inhibited the intestine inflammation in

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ob/ob mice. Bacterial community distribution identified on the Phylum (A) and Genus

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(B) level. (C) The beta diversity heat map (bray-curtis). After treatment with BYG for

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25-30 d, feces were collected and subjected to 16s rDNA analysis. (D) Effects of BYG

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on mRNA levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the intestines of ob/ob

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mice. The mRNAs were extracted after BYG treatment for 30 d. Data represent mean

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± SD of three mice per group. *p < 0.05 versus ob/ob group.

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