INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
July 1952
Figure 10.
Softening Point of Residuums Temperatures
ws.
Flash
Metal Contamination of the Residuums. Metal contamination of crude residuums has recently attracted widespread attention because of the rapid increase in the use of metal-sensitive catalysts for conversion processes and because of the general effort to recover additional cracking stocks from the higher boiling residuums. Metal contamination of residual fuel oils has been recognized for many years. On the basis of limited data it has been observed that the crudes with high asphalt content are the worst offenders from the standpoint of metal contamination. I n the crudes examined it has been found that the metallic compounds for the most part are not volatile and concentrate in the residuum fractions. Cases of metal contamination of gas oils have been traced to poor separation, the metals being present as a result of entrainment.
TABLE VII. VANADIUM CONTENT OF REDUCED CRUDES Crude Source Panhandle Weat Kansas West Texas Venezuelan
TABLE VIII.
Yield, Vol. yo of Crude
Vanadium Content, P.P.M. of V ~ O S
32.4 24.5 19.9 17.4
18 90 12
