JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
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nium salts and diazwprinting papers. In this third edition the authors again have maintained the principle of including s. larger number of exercises dealing with aliphatic compounds and a Edited by C. R. N. Stmuts, 3. H. GiIfillan, and H.N.Wilson. smaller number dealing with aromatic compounds. For the first Odord University Press, New York, 1955. Val. 1: 494 PP. time, the reader is provided with individual laboratory experiMany figs, Val. 11: ix f 570 PP. Many X ments which evolve the idea of homology and isomerism. The 24.5 cm. Set, $16.80. annendix has been extended to include a three-oaee eeneral an summary of organic reactions, common atomic weights, the 1928 ~ ~ ~chemical ~ ~ ~ i ~ ad ~l ~LM,, t r i ~ , Analytical Chemists' Committee to select, standardize, and unify physical constants of common organic compounds, and concenthe analytical technics, methods, and procedures used in this trations of laboratory agents, as well as the reagents and supplies. The book is conveniently printed on good quality paper and great British company. These two volumes describe what has century, spirally bound to lie flat when used A widely diversified collecbeen selected through the intervening quarter of tion of 79 exercises provides ample selection from which the ~ l t h no ~ ~~~~i~~~ ~ ~ b industry has published any sources, traditional 36 or 24 can be made for courses with from one to oollection of methods, we do have available, in substantially the same kind of information. As space precludes three laboratory seasions Per week. Blank wares are provided for laboratory data, for observations, and for answers to related adequate review of the details of the various topics questions. Provision is made for instructor approval of most only abbreviated successive chapter titles are listed. apparatus arrangements and preparations1 procedures. In genVolume I includes accuracy of analysis, manipulation, eral a "pro ratan packaging of the required amounts of materials pling, weighing, volumetric apparatus, temperature and pressure, each jndividual has been density and specific gravity, cryst~llizingand melting points, This well known, loose-leaf, spiral laboratory manual made its distillation, reagents and indicators, pH, volumetric ultimate organic analysis, organic microanalysis, and gas analysis. first appearance in 1927. Its consistent and repeated reprintings volume 11 includes potentiometric titration, conducbmet,jc and revisions are evidence of its wide popularity and acceptance. This third edition equals or exceeds in mechanical qquality, a p analysis, polarography, electrodeposition, introduction absorp pearance, and content all previous editions. The type form, iltion speotrophotometry, colorimetric analysis, ultraviolet s , equations are clear and attractive. sorption spectraphotometry, infrared absorption spectrophotom- 1~0trationa,f ~ ~ u l aand etry, emission speotrography, X-ray diffrsctian,chromatography, This laboratory manual can he highly recommended, far large classes because of the clarity of its directions. These and statistical methods. ~h~ twovolumes are contiuuous~ypaged, with the index in allow the instructor to devote the major portion of his time to oral quiz and laboratory supervision. the second volume. In general, this is not a collection of analytical procedures for RALPH E. DUNBAR given materials, dthouglraome operating directions are included, NORTR DAKOFA STATECOLLEBE such as those far standardizing titrants. Primarily, the coverage F u o a . NOR= DAKOTA is limited to presentation of the principles involved in each technic, to a description of some important examples of equip ment available, and to kinds of common applications. A LABORATORY MANUAL OF QUALITATIVE The various technics of separation are not discussed from the 0 ORGANIC ANALYSIS viewpoint of distinct operations often necessary before measure ment of desired constituents can be made. Distillation (Chapter H. T. Openshow. Third edition. Cambridge University Press, 9), electrodeposition (Chapter 19), and chromatography (Chap- Cambridge, England. 1955, mi 92 pp. 3 5 tables. 14 X 22 ter 27) are treated in some detail; but extraction, general volatil- cm. $2. iaation, precipitation, and absorption are mentioned only rather ACCORDING to the author of this excellently written and very incidentdly as separative technics. Inasmuch as the contents of this set a7e broadly competitive concise laboratory manual the most important change from the with several American works, probably its principal interest to previous edition is in the treatment of polyfunctional compounds. Americans will be as a reference for a British viewpoint on the In the previous editions when one characteristic group had been topics covered. The reviewer expects to use it for this purpose, detected in a compound, further tests, with the exception of the as the over-all perspective is interesting and the writing is well one for uns&uration, were omitted. In the new edition, after rhe detection of a functional group the student is directed t o done. carry out further indicated tests, where appropriate, in the search M. G MELLON for other functional groups that might be of aid in identification. PUBDUBU ~ l v m a s r ~ 7 Other important changes have also been incorporated. DirecLIFAYETTC.INDIANA tions are now given for the detection of the individual halogens. The analvtieal orocedures for the haloeens are the usual ones with the &eeptcon of the one for the d e k i o n of chlorine in the LABORATORY OUTLINES AND NOTEBOOK FOR 0 presence of iodine and bromine. In the opinion of the reviewer ORGANIC CHEMISTRY this procedure (p. 4) is of dubious value. The author indicates that the change to the use of saturated potansium bicarbonate Cecil E. Boord, Research Professor Emeritus, The Ohio State University, Wallace R. Brode, Associate Director, National instead of sodium bicarbonate solution in the testing for acids Bureau of Standards, and Roy G. Bossert, Professor of Chemistry, is a marked improvement in procedure. A new section has been Ohio Wesleyan University. Third edition. John Wiley & Sons, added on the investigation of metallic salts. Revised and new Inc., New York, 1955. xi 314pp. 38 figs. 3 tables. 22.5 X methods have been given for the preparation of a number of derivatives. The iodoform reaction has been added as an addi28 om. Paper bound. $3.90. t,iond ...- t,e& . - The -~ verv ~ ~-" brief ~ list of reference works unfortunatelv INTKP. prepmation of the third edition of this manual the has been still furtber reduced. he section on the preparation authors have retained the approach and basic form of the previous of Special Reagents has been deleted. The procedures for the classification tests are well written and editions. The new revision places emphasis upon the correct details of experimental procedures, a revision of the questions for their order of presentation is quite systematic and logical. Iufermost exercises. and the addition or modification of five new ences to be drawn fmm tests are clearly indicated. Only one error in directions, a minor one, was noted by the reviewer. This tion of acetone by the unidnlion of icoprop~l~ l w h o lIhr , prrpnrl- error is on page 13 where section iii is not divided into parts a tion and propcrti~sof n-propylnminr, 1l.r pny,arnrion of p - t ~ r l - and b as is called for by the directions. The section on derivatives has been exoellently done a8 in the nmyl pharwl by the Friedel-Chfts n.:,rtiorr, n ~ st:~l,ilir~d d dixrrr 0
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY: THE WORKING TOOLS. VOLUMES I AND I1
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VOLUME 33, NO. 4, APRIL, 1956 previous editions and includes u p t o d a t e methods. Procedures for preparing derivativea are accompanied in many cases by original references. The characterization procedures given in this manud were written with the aim of enabling the student to identify the more common types of organic compounds. Accordingly the author has attempted t o include in the tables of derivstives only the common organic compounds and of these only those which are available commercially in a reasonably pure condition and at relatively low cost. Ample numbers of derivstives are given for about 700 compounds. It is regrettable that separate tables of esters, amides, nitrilea, and acid anhydrides have not been included. A search must be made for the constants of these compounds in the tables for related compounds. The index does not contain the names of the compounds listed in the tables. Throughout the book it is assumed that the student has fully mastered the common techniques of organie chemistry and, unlike American texts in the field, no review of topics such as recrystallization and the taking of physical constants is given. The text's emphasis is exclusively on identification per se. I t contains no theory, no equations, no written exercises or problems. To help prevent a course which is using this manual from being a "cook-book" type of course, the instructor would have to make up in large measure for the above omissions. In the opinion of the reviewer s possible profitable use of this manud would be to work it into a two-semester course in elementary organic chemistry. Here it could he used for the whole or part of the second-semester laboratory work. This suggestion might be especidy worthy of consideration in those institutions where a separate course in qualitative organic analysis is not offered. HAROLD WALBA
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METHODW DER ORGANISCHEN CHEMIE. BAND Ill. TElL 2: PHYSIKALISCHE METHODEN
Edited by Eugen MdlIer. Fourth edition. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1955. xrpiii 1078 pp. SO7 figs. Tables. 18.5 X 26 Em. $44.30.
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WHEN Shakespeare caused the Bishop of Canterbury, in Henry V, to say, "Never wits such a sudden scholar made," neither the author nor the good Bishop could have had in mind the effectthat "Die Methoden der organischen Chemie" could have on young chemists. The thought, however, announces the spirit rather than the delicacy of the matter. Part two of volume three in this excellent series maintains the same high level of performance of the previous volumes. This volume surveys the techniques of physics and physical chemistry which are playing an increasingly prominent role in modern organic chemistry. In reality this volume may be looked upon aa an assembly of 21 highly condensed monographs on these special subjects: conductivity measurements (18 pp.), methods of measuring pH (80 pp.), indicators and test papers (34 pp.), potentiometric and conductometric titrations (72 pp.), quantitsr tive electrophoresis (48 pp.), redox potentials (40 pp.), polarogmphy of organic materids (56 pp.), determination of dielectric properties (56 pp.), refraotometry (18 pp.), polarimetry (18 pp.), light scattering (34 pp.), fluorescence and phosphorescence (18 pp.), electron diffraction methods (24 pp.), the electron microscope (22 pp.), X-ray analysis (52 pp.), absorption spectroscopy in the visible and ultraviolet region (172 pp.), Ramsnspectroscopy (30 pp.), infrared spectroscopy (106 pp.), microwave spectroscopy (16 pp.), magnetochemical methods (66 pp.), and ultrasonic techniques (20 pp.). In dealing with topics as broad as these in such a. limited space, specific mechanical details of the laboratory techniques are not emphasized, nor should they be expected to be. However, what is expected is a thoroughgoing analysis of the ideas which these physical methods could contribute to the solution of problems in
orynt.ir ihm&try. 1 his the nuthow $10 with conrummate "kill ! ~ * i ~ d topic l f d l * into three and diwrrrion. The gcr:lwr.~lp l : ~ for of rhr theoratwnl fuundauon~, pans. I:irsr is thr consid~mt~on the development of equations, and the mathematical analysis of the data. This is followed by a section describing the methods of measurements along with anadequate descriptionof the types of equipment required. Finally, the information which can be obtained from such technioues is soeoificallv . amlied .. in detail to organie systems. Without exception, the references in each section cover the literature up to 1954. This volume bears the mark of fine scholarship and extensive learning and those who wish to gain some insight into the contributions of physical methods to the development of organic chemistry will find this work most enlightening. G. H. RICHTER
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SEMI-MICRO QUANTITATIVE ORGANIC ANALYSIS
R. Belcher, Reader in Analytical Chemistry, University of Birmingham, and A. L. Godbert, Principal Scientific Officer, Safety in Mines Research Establishment. Second edition. Longmans, Green and Co., New York, 1955. x 222 pp. 53figs. 14.5 X 22.5cm. $4.
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Tars is the second edition of a compact book dealing with methods of organic analysis in whichan ordinary good analytical balance mav be used. The book is desiened for use hvnniversitv students d w e l l as bv research workers: the methods have bee; used by the students'of one of the authbrs and in the laboratory practice of the other. In campariison with the earlier edition, additions include the direct determination of oxygen and the determination of fluorine as well as new methods for the more commonly determined elements. The seotion on standardization of weights has been entirely rewritten. An appendix giving a. list of suitable standard substances is useful to an instructor and mieht be even more useful if tested sources of the compounds were also mentioned. The authors warn the uninitiated of many sources of error. However, in Figure 11 on page 56 the carbon dioxide abmrptian tube is shown in reverse. The book is clearly written and is a. useful addition to the literature in this field. LUCY W. PICKETT M o n m HOLPOEE COLLECE son^" H ~ o ~ ehl*ae~cxuanrra r,
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ANTI-COMPOSITION TABLES FOR CARBON COMPOUNDS (CH, CHO, CHS, & CHOS)
H. H. Hatt, T. Pearcey, and A. Z. Szurner, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Augtralia. Cambridge University Press, London, 1955. 191 pp. 19 X 25 cm. $4. A ~ anRorganic chemist has determined the elemental and weight composition of an unknown material, he needs to consider all the possible molecular formulas which fit the analytical data. The use of the tables in this volume greatly simplifies this task. Table I covers the possible CH ratios (for example: a C/H weight ratio of 8860/1140 corresponds to a formula CaoHd. Table I1 covers all the expectations for CHO. Chemical reasonableness limits the possibilities to those represented by C.H,+l-z,O, where n has all values from 1 to 50, m from 0 to n, and p ranges from 1t o n 3. Because sulfur has exactly twice the atomic weight of oxygen, the figures of these tables can be translated into fonnulas for CHS and CHOS possibilities. A d e quate text explains the use of the 174 pages of solidly set numerical tables.
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W. F. K.
