Sept., 1912
T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M i S T R k ’ .
Smokeless Combustion: The- of Coal i n Boiler Furnaces: w i t h a Chapter o n Central Heating Plants. B y D. T. RANDALL AND H. W. WEEKS. pp. 188. U. S. Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 40. S t e a m Boilers, T h e Transmission of Heat into-. By HENRYKREISINGER AND W. T. RAY. pp. 180. U. S. Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 18. Steel: Its Metallurgy a n d Mechanical Treatment. By F. W. HARBOARD AND J. W . HALL. 3d edition. 8 ~ 0 . .pp. 758. Price, $9.00. J. B . Lippincott Co., Philadelphia. Sugar; The -Industry. B y R. TEYSSIEC. 8vo..pp. 183. Price, $0.75. Gauthier-Villars. Paris. (French.) T a n n i n g : The Puering, B a t i n g a n d Drenching of Skins. By JOSEPH T. WOOD. ~ v o . ,pp. 293 Price, $3.25. E. & N. Spon, Ltd., London. BIGELOW. Theoretical a n d Physical Chemistry. B y S. LAWRENCE 8vo.. pp, 544. Price, $3.00. The Century Co., New York.
RECENT JOURNAL ARTICLES. A n a l y t i c Separation and Determination of Pyridine a n d A m m o n i a . By ALEXANDER BAYER. Fuer Gasbeleuchtung, 1912, June 1 . Arsenic; The Quantitative Determination of-. By E. RUPPAND F. LEHMANN.Archiv der Pharmazie, Vol 250, 1912, No,5 , PP. 382-389. Asphalt; Differentiation of Natural a n d Petroleum-. By J. MARCUSSON. Chemiker Zeitung. Vol., 36, 1912, No. 84, pp. 801.803. B i s m u t h : Extraction of- from Carbonaceous Ores. BY F. W. FRERICHS. Transactions American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Vol. 4, 1912, pp. 90-111. Cellulose; Comparative A c e t y l i s a t i o n of-, Hydrocelluiose a n d A l k a l i n e Cellulose. By H. OST AND T. KATAYAMA.Zeitschrift juer angewandte Chemie, Vol. 25, 1912, No. 29, PP. 1467-1470. Coal: The Determination o! Ash in-. By FRANZ WEISSER. Chemiker Zeitung, Vol. 36. 1912, No. 8 0 , PP. 757-759. Coal: Practical Value of t h e Determination of British Thermal U n i t s i n T e s t i n g Anthracite-. BY S. F. PECKHAM.Transactions American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Vol. 4. 1912, pp. 284-296. Explosives Used i n Engineering and M i n i n g Operations. BY CLARENCE HALL. Transations American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Vol. 4 , 1912, pp. 304-330. Furnaces; An Improved Method of D r y i n g Air for Biast--. By BRUCEWALTER. Proceedings of the Engineers’ Society of Western Pennsylvania, Vol. 28, 1912, No. 4, pp. 277-310. Gelatine; The Action of Water Vapor on-. B y WILDERD. BAN-
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CROFT. Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 16, 1912, No, 5. pp. 395-406. H e a l t h ; PubllcChemistry a n d Bacteriology. By D. MCKAIL. avo., pp. 409. Price. $1.75. John Wright & Sons, Ltd.. London. Inorganic; The- Compounds. B y A. L. VOCE. L. 8vo. Price. $12.00. Orell Fuessli, Zuerich. Lamps: A Laboratory System for Testing Electric Incandescent B y W. M. SKIFF. Transaction.7 of the Illuminating Engineering Society, Vol. 7, 1912, No. 5, pp. 212-228. Nitrates; Manufacture of- from t h e Nitrogen of t h e Air. B y ERNEST K . SCOTT. Chemiker Zeitung, Vol. 36, 1912, No. 82, pp, 784. Patents: S y m p o s i u m o n t h e U 8.System. By W x . M. GROSVENOR, E. B. MOORE,WALTER D. EDMONDS, ROBERT N. KENYON. Transactions American Institute o f Chemical Engineers, Vol. 4 , 1912, pp. 417-505. Physical: Problems in- Chemistry w i t h Practical Applications. B y E. B. R. PRIDEAUX.8vo. Price, 612.00. Constable & Co., London. Rubber; Artificial- from t h e Scientific Standpoint. By C. HARRIES. Zeitschrift fuer ongewandte Chemie. Vol. 25, 1912, No. 29, pp. 1457-1462. Rubber; Artiflcial- from t h e TechnicaI Standpoint. By FRITZ HOFMANN.Zeilschrzft juer angewandte Chemie. Vol. 25. 1912, No. 29, pp. 1462-1467. Rubber; The Production and Polymerization of Butadiene, Isoprene, a n d their Homologs. BY W. H . PERKIN,JR. Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, Vol. 31, 1912, No. 13, pp. 616-624. Soils: The Determination of H u m u s , Especially i n Heavy Clay-. By WILLIAMBEAM Coir0 Scientific Journal, Vol. 6 , 1912, No. 68. pp. 93-103. Sulphuric: Volumetric Determination ofAcld. By GEORGK FINCH Chemiker Zeitunp, Vol. 36, 1912, No. 82. pp. 782-783. Textile; New Methods i n t h e Chemistry of t h e -Fibres. B y RICHARD LOEWENTHAL. Chemiker Zeitung, Vol. 36, 1912, No. 82, pp. 777779. Water; Boller- Puriflcation a n d t h e Permutite Process. By E. E . BASCH. Chemiker Z e i h n g . Vol. 36, 1912, No. 81, pp. 769-770. Water: The Treatment of-.with Chlorine. By JOSEPHRACE. Journal of thesociety of ChemicalIndustry, Vol. 31, 1912, No. 13 pp. 611-616. Yarn; Woodpulp-:-Its Manufacture a n d Uses. By W. P . DREAPER. Journal of the Society of Dyes and Colourists, 1912, No.5.
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RECENT INVENTIONS Reported by C. L. Parker, Solicitor of Chemical Patents, McGill Building, Washington. D. C.
ATTACHING RUBBER TO METALS. English Patent No. 2,306 (1912), to E. R. Royston. The claim is made that it has been found that alloys containing antimony are best adapted to the production of a “chemical” bond between rubber and metal on vulcanization. The most suitable alloy is said to consist of copper, 3’/< oz.; zinc, 18,’~ 02.; and antimony, 3 oz. The proportion of antimony should, it is found, be decreased when the rubber contains a relatively large amount of antimony sulphide. When the metallic base to which the rubber is to be fastened cannot be conveniently made of this alloy, another metal may be plated with a coating of the alloy. ALKALI SILICATES IN POWDER FORM. English P a t e n t No. 2 3 , 3 9 1 (1912), to Justice. The patentee observes that an industrial need has long existed for a readily soluble alkali silicate (waterglass) in powder form, this being more convenient than the usual solutions, the use of which is precluded for such purposes as colors, etc. The preparation of a water glass in powder form on a large scale has, however, been hitherto attended with serious difficulties. The water glass solution cannot be directly transformed into the dry state, because in the process of concentration a skin that is impenetrable by water forms on the surface a t once; a t best, only a more or less solid jelly is obtained. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing
fine-grained, readily soluble alkali silicates, by which the disadvantages specified are avoided and a product is obtained that is soluble even in cold water. The method consists essentially in bringing a hot, highly concentrated, thick solution of water glass (e. g., solution of soda or potash water glass) under heavy pressure (for example, out of a pressure vessel, and through fine openings or spraying nozzles) into contact with cold air under relieved pressure. Under the heavy pressure the water glass assumes the form of spray, and after being suitably cooled, falls down as a dry dust. The anhydride of sodium silicate is dissolved in water in a n ordinary water glass autoclave in which a heavy pressure (about 6 to 8 atmospheres) is produced. The anhydride, being a fusion product, is a vitreous mass, which dissolves with difficulty; and therefore the dissolving process is preferably performed in a rotary apparatus under heavy pressure and a t a high temperature, until the thick solution has a specific gravity of about The resulting solution is thick while hot, and assumes, I .41. on cooling, the condition of a tough, set jelly. The hot solution is next forced out of the autoclave, under a heavy and constant pressure of about 8 atmospheres, through a spraying nozzle with orifices about 1% mm. in diameter. The atomized solution is immediately transformed-under the influence of cold air-into a dry, solid condition. This operation is assisted by causing the dusty material to ascend through a shaft, for instance by means of a fan, and then allowing it to fall gradually to the ground as a perfectly dry powder.
