2002
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
OCTOBER, 1931
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Another Oxide of Carbon. Carbon dioxide, COX,the product of the complete combustion of carbon, is a n inert gas which has long been familiar t o mankind in the foam of beer, the sparkle of champagne, and as the driving force of the soda siphon. More recently in its solidified form of "Dry Ice" i t has extended its range of usefulness. Carbon monoxide, CO, which results from the incomplete combustion of carbon, serves us well as a major constituent of ordinary illuminating gas and serves us badly in the exhaust gases of motor vehicles, which it renders highly poisonous by its habit of combining with the red coloring matter of the blood, which thereupon loses its power of uniting with oxygenin the lungs. Familiar as both these oxides of carbon are to everybody, we now have to reckon with a third, the suboxide of carbon. Ca08,with which only s few chemists have as yet even a speaking acquaintance. The suboxide is a gas a t ordinary temperatures, but is easily condensed t o a liquid boiling a t 7 % and t o a solid which melts a t about 110' below zero Centigrade. I t has a n unbearableodor like mustardoil: its dilute vapor bringscopious tears. I n greater . . concentration i t attacks the whole respiratory system with suffocating effect. It burns in air t o COz,and with water i t forms malonic acid. With ammonia, aniline, and many other chemicals i t unites to form a variety of compounds. Heated, i t polymerizes to a dark red solid. Like many other laboratory curiosities i t may one day find its place in industry. These three oxides of carbon afford a striking illustration of the extraordinary difference in properties which compounds of the same two elements exhibit as the proportions of the two constituents vary. We have another example in the ease of water, H 2 0 , and hydrogen peroxide, H~O*.-lnd. Bull.. Arthur D. Litllc. Inc.
