tural formulas showing the chemical composition of the early synthetic dyes such as mauve and magenta, synthetic alizarin and allied dyes, indigo and typical indigoid vat dyes, anthraquinone vat dyes including the solubilized types, sulfur dyes, and specialized dyes for acetate rayon. The chapter on fine chemicals includes flavoring wences, perfumes and cosmetics, photographic chemicals, disinfectants and antiseptics, fungicides and insecticides, pharmaceutical products with particular emphasis on anesthetics, soporifics, antipyretics, hormones, and vitamins. This book is extremely interesting from the standpoint of chemical education. because the develonment of the chemical industry in England is closely interrelated with similar developments in the rest of the world. Thus a great many of the latest achievements in every branch of chemical manufacturing are here recorded in a very clear and concise manner. The volume is bound in Sundour Fadeless Baokcloth which was dyed with Monastrol Fast Green GS. a recently synthesized organic pigment which is very fast to light. WALTERM. SCOTT G u s w w s J. ESSBLBN, INC.
inadequate to prevent possible accidents to the inexperienced. As an example, in Experiment 5, no precautions are given for handling yellow phosphorus. I n many of the non-quantitative experiments the results to be obtained are described in detail. All that the student can gain from them is a verification of already stated facts, and facility in handling apparatus. His chance for developing the spirit of an explorer is thereby limited. As a whole this excellent book is highly academic and will certainly give to the student using it a splendid background in the material covered. HATTIE D. F. Haue
MATERIALS.W. B. MelQ~ALITATNE ANALYSISOF INORGANIC drum and E. W. Flosdorf. American Book Company, New York City, 1938. xiii 230 pp. 14 X 22 cm. $2.50.
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This b w k is divided into two main parts: Fundamental Principles, eighty-six pages, and Laboratory Work, one hundred fourteen Dazes with an anoendix of eirhteen Dares. . . .. I t aims to nresent material that may be used for thr laboratory work in the latter part of grnrral chemistry and for hoth rlaxiand lal,oratory work for a following course in qualitative analysis In covering thii ground in a fairly small b w k it has been necessary to condense the presentation of certein topics, to limit the explanation of procedures to a certain extent, and t o make considerable use of crass references to avoid repetition. In the laboratory the student is expected first to become familiar with the common reactions of the cations and anions, including a fair range of the organic reactions that have established themselves as useful confirmatory tests. Next is taken up the more readily soluble compounds of the cations and anions studied. Finally, a typical scheme for the systematic analysis of mixtures, both solutions and solids, is given in some detail. I n this part of the book the main departure from common practice lies in attempting to treat the anions by a group procedure: Group I, volatile with HC2HaOn;Group 11, precipitating with Ba(C,H,OI)l in neutral solution; Group 111, precipitating with AgC,HsO,; Group IV, not precipitated or removed by previous reagents. The book is of convenient dze, attractive in appearance, well bound, and we11 printed. There are relatively few typographical errors. There are more mistakes in direct statement of facts and in implications. On page 26 a problem is solved using3.6 X for Kxp0,--, though the value is correctly given in the table on page 27. On page 33 the evolution of HCI by adding concentrated HSO, to a saturated solution of HCI is explained in terms of common ion effect, though the important factor in this case is the removal of solvent by the dehydrating action of the HpS04. At the bottom of page 41, the concentration of AgC in 0.1 M KC1 solution saturated with AgCl does not represent the total solubility of the silver chloride, since many times that amount of silver will be present as AgCL--. On page 74, when writing ionic equations to represent overall reactions, it seems much more logical when the compound is slightly ionized to write the formula for the compound rather than that of one of the ions as reagent. Thus the reducing agent for FeCls is H B rather than S--, and mercuric chloride is HgCh instead of Hg++ and 2ClF. From the point of view of omissions, a brief treatment of Werner's Cadrdinatiou Theory in modern terms would probably be more useful in relation to analytical chemistry than Brp'nsted's theory of acids and bases. The book nrovides material to keen the student well occuoied in the laboratory during the prriud of it.; intended use In its condensed form, howcvrr, i t wduld nerd to hc e~paodcdin class lecturcs nnd discussions, and i r might prove unantirf~ctoryfor use by one not trained in the points of view taken in several of the sections. R. K. MCALPINE
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BOSTON.MAS~ACBVSBTTS
AN I ~ R O D U C TO T I CHEMISTRY. ON John C. Hogg, M.C., M.A., The Phillips Exeter Academy. Oxford University Press, Inc., 365 pp. 115 figs. 13.5 X 22 cm. New York City, 1938. ix $2.00.
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This book will challenge the attention of those teachers interested in revising the curriculum to more nearly meet the needs of the present high-school population, and those interested in avoiding so much duplication in high-school and college chemistry content. I n his preface, the author states he is reaching his goal by stressing the historical spproach which he claims gives e cub tural setting, is free from difficulties inherent in the study of industrial proceses, is logical, develops the spirit of an explorer, and is full of interest. The book is intended primarily for those who are free from the threat of examinations. Ionization and the theoretical study of gas volumes has been deliberately omitted. Five elements, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon, are studied in detail. The course is planned for tenth- and eleventh-grade students. There may he much questioning as t o the choice of material for the present-day youth who, stimulated by movie, radio, magazine articles, inventions, and so forth, is interested in the chemistry of his everyday life-the chemistry of such things as photography, the airplane, the automobile, his food, his clothing, and his own body. The physical make-up of the volume is attractive. The paper is good, the print clear, and the numerous pictures and diagrams well chosen and definite. The book is written in a style and with a vocabulary that demands a well-trained background. I t will probably prove difficult and, therefore, uninteresting to the mediocre student. I t opens with a brief discussion of the development of chemistry from 3000 B.C. through the time of Lavoisier. Then follows a discussion of physical and chemical changes; elements, compounds, and mixtures; oxygen; atoms and symbols; hydrogen; formulas and equations; water; chemical calculations; carbon and its oxides; fuels; the atmosphere; acids, bases, and salts; sulfur and some of its compounds; the laws of definite and multiple proportion; and a short chapter on crystals. Throughout the discussion biographical material is continued in s n interesting and logical fashion wherever it is pertinent. Constant reference to the root of the chemical words is made. Appendix I1 is an index of the principal chemical terms having a foreign origin. Interspersed in the discussion are one hundred five experiments. manv of them auantitative. Several of these exoeriments
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UNIV=PIII~Y OF MICB~DAN
teacher or a pupil. If by the latter the directions are often too
ANN
ARBOR, MICH~GAN
