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SEW BOOKS
XEW BOOKS .lhridqerl S c i e n t i j c I’itbiications ,froin the Kodak Keseurcli Labornlories. Volume S X I V . 391 pp . and additional author anti subject inde\es Rochester, S e w York: Eastnian Kotlak (’ompany 1042. (‘ondcnsed accounts of silty scientific publications ( S o b 783H to 852, not continuous) are included in the preient voluiiie. 8.C. LIND. Chevriccil Engineering. 13y (‘HARLES ELI REED. 20 pp. Boston, Massachusetts: Bellnian Publishing Conipany. I n c . Price: 75 cents. This booklet is S o . -IS of the series entitled “Vocational and Professional Monographs”. Of the several publications on vocational guidance in chemical engineering, this is the niost roniprehensivc and instructive. The subject matter is well arranged and lucidly written. ?’he hooklet should l)c in the hands of all vocational counselers in high schools and colleges. T h e prospective student of cheiiiical engineering can benefit greatly by its continued perusal during his sojourn a t college. So much inforniation and advice is included in this monograph t h a t it can be absorbcd only by periodic reading. CHARLES
A.
A\IASN.
T HARSEDA S D I k v r o N B. The Physical ChC771&?’!/ o,F Electrolytic Solutions. By H E R B E R S. OWES. .Inierican Cheniical Society Monograph Series. -vi 611 pp. S e w York:
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lieinhold Publishiiig(’orporatioii, 1913. Price: $10.00. Physical chemists \vlio are interested in the properties of solutions of electrolytes will \\-elcome this masterly monograph (or rather, series of monographs) by Harned and Owen. T h e reviewer is of t h e opinion t h a t his chief function in thc present instance is t o give possible readers some adequnte idea of the topics discussed and of the coniprehensiveness of the treatnient. T h e first five chapters (pp. 1-134) niay bc called theoretical. They include a brief but. satisfactory thermodynamic introduction, followed by a discussion of the interionic attraction theory in which the authors deal with distribution functions and their change with time, with equations of motion of the ions, with potentials of ions in the absence and also in the presence of external fields of force. Fundamental equations are thus derived to b e used in computing activity and osmotic coefficients and in dealing with the theory of viscosity, conductance, and diffusion of electrolytes. I n chapter 3 , the Debye liniiting law is derived a s well as the form i t assumes when ions are no longer considered t o be point charges. T h e treatment of Gronwall, Lahler, and Sandvcd is also given in outline. This chapter includes a discussion of Bjerruni’s theory of ionic association and of Fuoss and Kraus’s theory of the formation of triple ions and of clusters. There is also a derivation of the equation of Debye and 1IcAulay which gives the effect of clectrolytes on the activity of a non-elec t roly te. Chapter 4 deals with such irreversible processes as viscous flow, electrical conductance, and diffusion. Here the time of relaxation of the ionic atmosphere (Debye and Huckel), Falkenhagen’s theory of viscosity, and Susager’s theory of conductance and related topics are adequately treated. Chapter 5 contains nunierical conipilntions of physical constants arid of inathematical functions t h a t are frequently used. I t should be noted t h a t the authors adhere to t h e values of physical constants given in the International Critical Tnhles, Volunie I (1930). (‘h:ipters 6 t o 10 cont:iin a discussion of esperinieiital methods b u t no detailed description of apparatus or technique. Included in these chapters is a study of electrical conductance methods, of the effects of high frequencies and high fields, of viscosity and diffusion of rlectrolytic solutions :inti of freezing-point, boiling-point, ant1 vapor-pressure nieasure111(’I1
t5.
‘I‘hc rcniaining portion of the book (chapters 11 to 15) is artually a series of monographs
