ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Editorial policy Environmental Science & Technology stands out among American Chemical Society journals in that it combines both a magazine and a journal. The magazine section is also published along with abstracts (only) of research articles in ES&T News and Research Notes. Moreover, ,he complete ES&T is now published in electronic form on the World Wide Web and is accessible to subscribers through this medium. The electronic version of ES&T includes all of the material found in the printed version plus Supporting Information that expands the printed version with additional text, data, and graphics. Because of the hybrid nature of our publication, it serves a large and diverse audience. ES&r reports on aspects of the environment and its control by scientific, engineering, and political means. Published twice monthly, ES&T is a unique source of information for scientific and technical professionals in a wide range of environmental disciplines. In its research section contributed material may appear as current research papers, Research Communications, and Critical Reviews. ES&T also includes a magazine section (the "A"
pages) that provides authoritative news and analysis of the major developments, events, and challenges shaping the field. The journal has been published since 1966 by the American Chemical Society. Central to the evaluation of all contributions is a commitment to provide the readers of ES&rwith scientific information and critical judgments of the highest quality. All contributions are reviewed before publication. For the convenience of authors, the specific nature of each type of contribution is outlined below. Please note that authors are invited to submit manuscripts with the understanding that articles will be prepared exclusively for ES&T. Contributions submitted to ES&T will be original works of the authors) that have not been previously published or simultaneously submitted to another publication. Copyright of articles published in ES&T is transferred to the American Chemical Society by the author(s). When submitting a manuscript, include a signed copyright transfer form, a copy of which appears in the January 1998 issue. The copyright transfer form and complete instructions for authors are also available over the Internet from acsinfo.acs.org which can be accessed via gopher or anonymous ftp. Queries/submissions to the magazine
Author guidelines available via Internet Authors, reviewers, and potential contributors to Environmental Science & Technology can now receive editorial guidelines via the Internet in a matter of minutes. Six separate ES&T guideline documents are available via the Internet. To receive one or more, send an e-mail message to
[email protected] and type the keyword phrase listed for each document. You will receive an e-mail reply containing the document requested, You can request a single document or several with one e-mail message. To receive one document, type only the keyword phrase in the "Subject:" line and leave the body of the message blank. If you are requesting several documents, type each keyword phrase on a separate line in the body of the message; the "Subject:" line can be left blank or it can contain one of the keyword phrases. Make sure that each keyword phrase entered in the body of the message starts at the beginning of a new line.
• Editorial Policy. General guidellnes for all types of ES&T manuscript submissions. (Type: Author policy) • Peer Review. A description of how the ES&T peer review process operates and general editorial advice to authors. (Type: Author review) • Current Research Author's Guide. A detailed description on preparing a research manuscript for submission to ES&T, ,ncluding informatton on general editorial style, length, nomenclature, references, and supplementary material. (Type: Author research) • Manuscript Preparation: Text and Figures. Instructions for submitting an accepted research manuscript on disk for publication and preparing highquality figures and illustrations. (Type: Author prep) • Feature Articles. A brief description of the general objectives and format of ES&T features. (Type: Author feature) • Quick Help. Instructions on using this service. (Type: Author help)
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section should be directed to: Managing Editor, ES&T, ,115 56th St., N.W, Washington, DC 20036; (202) 872-4586; fax (202) 872-4403. Queries/submissions to the research section should be sent to: Editor, ES&T, Department to Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Campus Box 1105, 112 Miller Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 275991105; (919) 966-0581; fax (919) 966-0582; e-mail
[email protected]. Magazine section
The magazine section of ES&T presents objective reports and analysis of the major advances, trends, and challenges in environmental science, technology, and policy for a diverse professional audience. Our goal is to promote interdisciplinary understanding among the many disciplines involved in the environmental field. Feature articles. ES&T features provide an in-depth, balanced examination of significant developments and issues affecting the environmental community. These articles probe timely topics from multiple perspectives—scientific, regulatory, and technical—to provide readers with an authoritative and up-to-date understanding of the subject. The writing style engages the interest of the nonspecialist. To ensure that ES&T presents broad coverage of the many fields within its scope, manuscripts are initially reviewed by the Managing Editor to determine how well they meet die editorial needs and focus of the publication. Contributors are encouraged to initially send to the Managing Editor a query letter that describes the scope and significance of the topic and includes a summary or outline of the proposed article. Manuscripts may undergo extensive revision by the author and editorial staff prior to publication. Features range in length from two to six published pages. The typical manuscript is 2500 words (including references) and includes a total of no more than five figures, photographs, or tables. Reference lists should be very selective (no more than 10 works). Send three copies of the double-spaced manuscript to the Managing Editor. Environmental Policy Analysis. These contributed papers present original research in environmental management and policy analysis, especially at the interface where science and engineering influence and are influenced by public policy. Topics include risk assessment, retrospective analyses of current policies, pollution prevention and life cycle analysis, and international environmental trends. Contributions are peer reviewed.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY The format of these articles follows the general style of research papers (abstract, introduction, discussion, and references). Articles are limited to five published pages (3500 words, including references; four figures or tables). Send five copies of the double-spaced manuscript to the Manuscript Office at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. Research Watch. This department presents brief summaries of significant results and findings recently published in the peer-reviewed literature. A limited number of specialists representing a wide range of disciplines from toxicology to "green chemistry" are invited to contribute on a contractual basis. If you are interested in contributing to Research Watch, send a CV and a list of journals you read regularly to the Managing Editor. Letters. Readers are encouraged to comment on articles published in the magazine section, including Environmental Policy Analysis, and on significant issues facing the environmental field. Contributions are limited to 500 words (no figures or tables) and should be sent to the Managing Editor within two months of the date of publication of the original article. Contributions may be edited for length and clarity. The authors of the original article will be allowed to reply to letters provided they do so within two months. Research section Current research papers. The research pages of ES&rare devoted to the publication of critically reviewed papers concerned with the scientific understanding of natural and engineered environments. As an ACS publication, it focuses particularly on the chemistry of processes in the environment including those that are natural and those affected by human activities, but it also includes biological and physical phenomena, as well as mathematical and computational methods that are relevant to the understanding and management of the environment. The research section of ES&T is divided into five sections that include papers classified in the following categories: characterization of natural and affected environments environmental processes environmental technology environmental modeling and environmental meamethods ES&T seeks to publish papers that are particularly significant and original. Contributed research papers, in general, describe complete and fully interpreted results of original research. Originality should be evidenced by new experimental data, new interpretations of existing data, or new theoretical analysis of environmental phenomena. Significance will
be interpreted with respect to the breadth of impact of the reported findings. Manuscripts reporting data of a routine nature that do not offer heretofore unavailable important information or do not substantially augment or reinterpret already available data will be declined publication. For example, papers that report only values of molecular parameters—such as Henry's law constant, octanol-water partition coefficients, and the like, without fitting into a model— will not be accepted (Glaze, W. H. Environ. Sri. Technol. .993, 27, 999). The scope of the reported data in ambient monitoring studies should be such that broad conclusions applicable to morG than the particular local scale are possible Research articles describing the development of a new analytical method for environmental measurements should include the application of the method to environmental samples or to samples with matrices that stimulate environmental samples. ES&T faces some overlap with other journals in this area and articles that do not contain, in the editors' judgment, a significant component relevant to the analysis of environmental samples will be returned to the authors for submission elsewhere. Research articles describing advances in environmental technology should go beyond kinetics and treatability studies; that is, they should explore the mechanisms of the technology or develop process models to describe it. Articles that describe laboratory-scale studies should not make claims about the economics or relative advantages of the technology without pilot- or full-scale validation studies. Comparisons with competitive technologies should be avoided without definite and unbiased assessments. Manuscripts should be prepared with strict attention to brevity, but the text should be long enough to clearly reveal the significance and contribution of the work. The vast majority of articles are expected to be fewer than five published pages (fewer than 20 pages of doublespaced text, including references, graphs, and tables). Longer manuscripts are accepted occasionally but are subject to extremely critical review by editors and reviewers for breadth, significance, and clarity of composition. Long papers that do not meet these criteria may be summarily rejected. Processing time will be shortened if the editors do not have to return manuscripts to be condensed. Research Communications. Research Communications are short research reports describing results of unusual significance. The subject of the Communication should be of such importance and
the report of such quality that rapid publication is warranted. Communications are expected to be preliminary reports that will be followed by a more detailed publication. The Communication should be no longer than two printed pages (8 pages of double-spaced word-processed text, including figures, tables, and references). Every effort should be made to keep the length substantially below this maximum, such as by avoiding a lengthy introductory section. The Experimental Section should be as brief as possible, giving only essential details. An abstract should be sent with the Communication for publication in Chemical Abstracts, but it will not be published in ES&T. .Se Current Research Author's Guide for directions for preparation of abstract Communications will be reviewed expeditiously and published as rapidly as possible. To ensure prompt attention to their manuscript, authors should consider sending Communications by fax to the manuscript office or by express courier. A fax number for return communications should be included, if available. If minor revisions are required, manuscripts will be returned to authors as expeditiously as possible and a revised manuscript should be returned within two weeks. The need for major revision is just cause for rejection of the Communication. Critical Reviews. Critical Reviews are thoroughly documented, peer-reviewed assessments of selected areas of the environmental science research literature for the purpose of identifying critical research needs. Critical Reviews can be longer than the typical research article but should be limited to no more than 35 pages of double-spaced (12 point) wordprocessed text, including references, graphs, and figures. Criteria for acceptability include current importance of the field under review, thoroughness of the literature coverage, clarity of text, and adequacy of research need identification. Correspondence. Readers are encouraged to comment on articles appearing in the research section. Contributions are limited to 1000 words and can include a brief table or figure plus citations and should be sent to the Editor within six months of the date of publication of the original article. The authors of the original article will be allowed to reply provided they do so within two months.
Peer review Central to the evaluation of all contributions to ES&T is a commitment to provide our readers with information of the highest quality. The publication seeks the
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY most significant, original, and broadly applicable types of articles for its current research section and its section on policy analysis. In addition, the office of the Managing Editor in Washington seeks feature articles that are also of the highest quality. Original manuscript contributions are reviewed by qualified individuals who indicate in their evaluations the significance, originality, and validity of the work, as well as the appropriateness of the material for our publication. The Manuscript Office for ES&7was relocated in 1995 to the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and is managed by the Editor and Assistant Editor. The Editor and Associate Editors, who are located at the University of Tennessee, the Michigan Technological University, Indiana University, the University of Iowa, the University of Oklahoma, Oregon Graduate Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, and Ford Motor Company, are fully responsible for all material published in ES&T. This policy is s aeneral one applicable to all editors of ACS publications. The members of the Advisory Board are chosen by the Editor to provide input to ES&T operations The members represent various constituent grou.DS in the research and reader communities and they serve three-year termc Although the editors seek advice and help from individuals in the scientific community and from advisorv erouDS it is ultimately the editors' resDonsibility to provide editorial direction set editorial nnlicies and make individual publication .
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General guidelines and overall editorial policies set by the editors form the basis for evaluating reviewers' comments on research articles.
The peer review process Each manuscript submitted to the current research section is reviewed by the Editor or Assistant Editor and, on the basis of its content, is assigned to one of the Associate Editors or to the Editor in Chief, all of whom are hereafter called technical editors. The subject matter of the manuscript determines which editor will receive the file. The technical editor and local editorial assistant are responsible for the manuscript, including choosing reviewers; evaluating the content of the paper; taking into account the comments of reviewers; communicating ultimate acceptance or rejection to the corresponding authors; monitoring the progress of the review process; and carrying out a final check of accepted manuscripts for appropriate format and style. Reviewers are picked by the technical editors Two or three reviewers are usu-
ally selected for each paper. Selection is based on the subject matter of the paper, the experts available in a given area, the names submitted by the author of the manuscript (see below), and the editorial staff member's knowledge of the habits of proposed reviewers. Thus, known slow or uncritical reviewers are avoided when possible. Potential reviewers for each paper are identified through various means, one of which may be a computer search of subjects that reviewers have indicated are their areas of expertise. Reviewers are normally asked to respond within four weeks, and if they are late, reminders are sent. Late review notifications are gener~ ated and dispatched as fax messages on a weekly basis. Reviews are sent directly to the technical editor to whom the paper has been assigned. Reviews may be returned by fax, electronic mail, and regular mail. If the reviewers do not agree on the disposition of the paper, or if the technical and scientific strengths or shortcomings of the work have not been adequately addressed, the technical editor may select additional reviewers. The reviews (usually at least two) are used by the technical editor in making the final decision about the disposition of the manuscript. Letters communicating the decision proceed directly from the office of the technical editor to the corresponding author.
Tips for authors • Prepare your paper with the editorial requirements of ES&T and the audience of the publication in mind. Papers prepared for other journals are likely to need some revision to make them suitable for ES&T. • Clearly state in the introduction the purpose of the work and put the work into perspective with earlier work in the area. This may appear obvious, but authors often fail to clearly state the purpose and significance of their work. • Write concisely. Manuscripts are expected to be not more than 4100 words in length (20 manuscript pages), including text, tables and references, plus five figures. If more figures are desired, the text length should be decreased proportionately. Papers should be double spaced, 12-point type, on one side of 22 x 28 cm paper. Longer manuscripts dealing with large-scale studies are accepted occasionally but are subject to extremely critical review by editors and reviewers for significance, breadth, and clarity. Long papers that do not meet these criteria may be summarily rejected. Do not repeat information, figures, or tables that have appeared elsewhere Use illustrative data rather than complete data where
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appropriate. Supporting information (see p. 58A) may be included with the manuscript to be published in the printed version of ES&T. • You are strongly urged to suggest names and addresses of three or four experts in the field as possible reviewers for your paper. If possible, please also include phone, fax, and e-mail address. You may also suggest the names of persons whom you do not want to review the paper. The technical editors try to use at least one reviewer who has been suggested by authors. This cannot be assured, however, since specific reviewers may not be available or may already be overloaded. • Follow the Current Research Author's Guide. • If your manuscript is rejected: Read the reviews carefully. If the reviewers have missed the point, as authors often claim, consider how the presentation can be clarified and improved to make the point clear. If reviewers have not understood, it is unlikely that readers will understand. Is the manuscript, after all, more suitable for another journal? Is the work sufficiently complete, or do you need to do more work before seeking publication? If you feel strongly that the paper has not been judged fairly, then carefully revise the manuscript, taking into account the reviewers' criticisms and send the manuscript to the office of the Editor in Chief with a rebuttal letter asking that the manuscript be reconsidered Provide an itemized list of changes made in the manuscript in response to reviewer comments as well as objective rebuttals to all other criticisms The technical editors are not under any obligation to reconsider rejected manuscripts • If your manuscript requires revision, most of the advice in the above paragraph should be followed, except that the accompanying letter goes to the handling editor and refers to revision rather than rebuttal. A revised manuscript is returned to the handling editor who has been communicating with the author.
Current research author's guide This manuscript preparation guide is published to aid authors in writing, and editors and reviewers in expediting the review and publication of, research manuscripts in Environmental Science & Technology, ,ncluding full lesearch articles and communications. For a detailed discussion with examples of the major aspects of manuscript preparation, please refer to The ACS Style Guide (1997).
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Instructions for authors and a copyright transfer form are printed in the first issue of each volume. Please conform to these instructions when submitting manuscripts. These instructions are available via the World Wide Web at http:// pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/dispinst?esthag. Submission of manuscript The following procedure applies to the submission of manuscripts for consideration as research articles, Research Communications, Critical Reviews, Policy Analysis articles, and Correspondence. Five copies of the manuscript and a cover letter should be sent to the Editor, ES&T, Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Campus Box 1105, 112 Miller Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-1105. Include telephone number, fax, and e-mail addresses for the corresponding author, if possible. Parallel submission of the same paper to another journal eliminates the paper for consideration by ES&T. .I f directly related paper is in press or has been submitted to another journal, send a copy of the paper along with the paper being submitted to ES&T. .ndicate in the eovee letter the status of the related paper. Title Use specific and informative titles. They should be as brief as possible, consistent with the need for defining the subject of the paper. If trade names are used, give generic names in parentheses. Key words in titles assist in effective literature retrieval. Authorship List the first name, middle initial, and last name of each author. Omit professional and official titles. Give the complete mailing address where work was performed. When the present address of an author is different, include the new information in a footnote. In each paper with more than one author, the name of the author to whom inquiries should be addressed carries an asterisk. The explanation appears on the contents page. Include an e-mail address and telephone and fax numbers for the corresponding author, if possible. Abstract An abstract, which will appear at the beginning of each paper in ES&T, ,nd in ES&T News and Researcc Notes, must accompany each manuscript. Use between 150 and 200 words to give purpose, methods or procedures, significant new results, and conclusions. Write for literature searchers as well as journal readers, but do not include background material in the Abstract.
Documents accepted for publication in ACS journals will be posted in the World Wide Web edition of the journal as soon as they are ready for publication, that is, when galley proofs are corrected and all author concerns are resolved. This can occur anywhere from 2 to 11 weeks in advance of the cover date of the printed issue. Authors should take this into account when planning their intellectual and patent activities related to a document. The actual date on which the document is posted on the Web is recorded in a separate line at the bottom of the first page of the document in the printed issue. Notice: Authors have the option of designating a figure or table from their paper to be published along with their abstract in ES&T News and Research Notes. The selected figure should convey significant details of the research; maps, photographs, and other types of background information are not recommended. Designation of the selected figure or table should be indicated right after the abstract of the manuscript. If no figure or table is designated, it will be assumed that the author has chosen not to select one. Publication of the abstract is contingent upon acceptance of the full paper. A separate abstract should not be prepared specifically for this publication Key words Authors are asked to suggest up to six key words that may be used by Chemical Abstracts and other electronic search systems at ACS for identifying and cataloging the manuscript after publication. Text Consult a current issue for general ltyle. Note requirements for brevity! Assume your readers to be professionals not necessarily expert in your particular field; therefore, spell out all acronyms on first use. Historical summaries are seldom warranted. However, documentation and summary material should be sufficient to establish an adequate background. Divide the article into sections, each with an appropriate heading, but do not over sectionalize. The text should have only enough divisions to make organization effective and comprehensible without destroying the continuity of the text. Keep all information pertinent to a particular section within that section. Avoid repetition. Do not use footnotes; include the information in the text. Please remember to number all pages of the manuscript Authors are encouraged to shorten the text of manuscripts by including in
supporting information extensive figures, tables, descriptions of experimental details, and text that might be of interest particularly to specialists in the field. This material is available to subscribers of ES&T and ES&T News and Research Notes on the World Wide Web. Note: Color figures that are included in supporting information may be reproduced in color on the Web without cost to authors (see Supporting Information section). Introduction. Briefly discuss the relationship of your work to previously published work, but do not attempt to survey the literature completely. If a recent article has summarized work on the subject, cite the summarizing article without repeating its individual citations. In general, the Introduction should be no more than 2 double-spaced word-processed pages with no figures or tables and should include less than 20 references. Experimental section. Describe pertinent and critical factors involved in all experimental work so that the method can be reproduced, but avoid excessive description. Apparatus: List devices only if of specialized nature. Reagents: List and describe preparation of special reagents only. Procedure: Omit details of procedures that are common knowledge to those in the field. Brief mention of published procedures may be included, but details must be left to literature cited. Results and discussion. This section provides the authors with the opportunity to discuss their findings, postulate explanations for data, elucidate models, and compare their results with those of other works. Be complete but concise. Avoid nonpertinent comparisons or contrasts, speculations that are unwarranted by the new information presented in the paper, and verbose discussion. Results and Discussion may be separated. Conclusions. In the past, ES&T has allowed authors to include a section summarizing conclusions of the work. Given the intense competition for space in the journal, we have discontinued this practice. Do not include a Conclusions section in ES&T research articles. .nclude major conclusions in the abstract and in the body of the Results and Discussion section. Manuscript requirements Manuscripts should be prepared with strict attention to brevity, but the eext should be long enough to clearly reveal the significance and contribution of the work. The vast majority of articles sre expected to be fewer than five published pages (fewer than 20 pages of doublespaced text, including references, graphs, and tables). Longer manuscripts are ac-
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY cepted occasionally but are subject ttoxtremely critical review bb editors and reviewers for breadth, ,sgnificance, and clarity of composition. Long papers shat do not meet these criteria may be summarily rejected. Five complete legible copies of the manuscript are required. They should be typed double or triple spaced on one side of 22 x 28 cm paper, with text, tables, and illustrations of a size that can be mailed to reviewers under one cover. Duplicated copies will be accepted only if very clear. If pertinent references are unpublished, furnish copies of the work or sufficient information to enable reviewers to evaluate the manuscript. When tables are submitted, they should be furnished with appropriate titles and should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numbers in order of reference in the text. Double space with wide margins and prepare tables in a consistent form, each on a separate 22 x 28 cm sheet. Figures should be carefully designed and prepared. Use high-quality white paper; avoid the use of thin, transparent, or textured paper. All figures should be prepared by use of a high-quality graphics plotter or printer (typing does not reproduce well); lettering should be of a size that can be read after reduction. Label the axes outside the graph proper. Number all illustrations consecutively. Supply typed captions and legends on a separate page. Original drawings (or sharp prints) of graphs and diagrams and glossy prints of photographs should be provided when the manuscript is submitted. Tables and figures should not be incorporated within the manuscript; each should 3.DDG3.f OH 3. separate page, after the references. Color reproduction of figures is possible provided the author pays all incremental charges. An estimate of these charges will be given upon request. A letter acknowledging the author's willingness to defray the cost of color reproductions should accompany the revised manuscript. Note: Color figures that are included in supporting information may be reproduced in color on the Web without cost to authors (see Supporting Information section). Nomenclature The nomenclature should conform with current American usage. Insofar as possible, authors should use systematic names similar to those used by Chemical Abstracts Service or IUPAC. Chemical Abstracts nomenclature rules are contained in Appendix IV of the current Chemical Abstracts Index Guide. A list to frng systems, including names and numbering
systems, is found in the Ring Systems Handbook, American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH, 1993. Use consistent units of measure (preferably SI). If nomenclature is specialized, include a Nomenclature section at the end of the paper, giving definitions and dimensions for all terms. Write out names of Greek letters and special symbols in margin of manuscript at point of first use. If subscripts and superscripts are necessary, place them accurately. Avoid trivial names. Trade names should be defined at point of first use (registered trade names should begin with a capital letter). Identify typed letters and numbers that could be misinterpreted, for example, one and the letter 1, zero and the letter O. Formulas and equations Chemical formulas should correspond to the style of ACS publications. Chemical equations should be balanced and numbered consecutively along with mathematical equations. The mathematical portions of the paper should be as brief as possible, particularly where standard derivations and techniques are commonly available in standard works. Safety Authors are requested to call special attention—both in their manuscripts and in their correspondence with the editors—to safety considerations such as explosive tendencies, precautionary handling procedures, and toxicity. Acknowledgment Include essential credits in an Acknowledgment section at the end of the text. Meeting presentation data or other information regarding the work reported (e.g., financial support) is included here. References Literature references should be numbered and listed in order of reference in text. Attach copies if available. Give complete information, using abbreviations for titles of periodicals as in the Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index, 1907-89. For periodical references to be considered complete, they must contain authors surnames with initials, journal source, year of issue, volume number, and the first page number of the article. Consult The ACS Style Guide for reference style. The accuracy of the references is the responsibility of the authors. They should be listed by author, patentee, or equivalent. In the text, just the number should be used, or the name should be followed by the number. Authors are discouraged from including references to personal correspondence or to unarchived mate-
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rial obtained from the World Wide Web. Anonymous is not acceptable for authorship. If the author is unknown, list the reference by company, agency, or journal source. Do not list references as "in press" unless they have been formally accepted for publication. The technical editor should be informed if there is a paper on a related topic in press with the same source author as the paper submitted to ES&T. Supporting information Extensive tables, graphics, spectra, calculations, or other material auxiliary to the printed article will be included in the microfilm edition of the journal and on the ES&rWeb site. Identify supporting information as to content, manuscript title, and authors. Three copies of the supporting information, one in a form suitable for photo reproduction, should accompany the manuscript for consideration by the editor and reviewers. The material should be typed on white paper with black typewriter ribbon or printed on a high-quality (300 dpi) laser printer. If individual characters for any of the material computer or otherwise, are broken or disconnected, the material is definitely unacceptable. Authors are encouraged to shorten the text of manuscripts by including in supporting information extensive figures, tables, descriptions of experimental details, and text that might be of interest particularly to specialists in the field. This material is available to subscribers of ES&T and ES&T News and Research Notes on the World Wide Web. Note: Color figures that are included in supporting information may be reproduced in color on the Web without cost to authors. Figures and illustrative material should preferably be original high-contrast drawings or good prints of originals. Optimum size is 22 x 28 cm. Minimum acceptable character size is 1.5 mm. The caption for each figure should appear on the same piece of copy with the figure. Be sure to refer to supporting information in text where appropriate. Supporting information may be obtained in photocopy or microfiche form at nominal cost. Material of more than 20 pages is available in microfiche only. Photocopy or microfiche must be stated clearly in the order. Prepayment is required. See instructions at the end of individual papers. The supporting information is abstracted and indexed by Chemical Abstracts Service. Subscribers to microfilm editions receive, free, the supporting information in microfiche form from individual papers
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY in any particular issue. For information, contact Microforms Program at the ACS in Washington, DC, or call (202) 872-4554.
Manuscript preparation: Text and figures Electronic manuscript submission General information. The final accepted version of the manuscript should be submitted in electronic form. Manuscripts prepared with the software packages listed below will be used for production, providing the following guidelines are adhered to. Documents prepared with other word-processing packages will be handled on an experimental basis with the understanding that the use of these files in production cannot be guaranteed. Failure to adhere to the following instructions may prevent all or part of the material supplied on disk from being used in production. A hardcopy version of the manuscript is required for review. The disk should accompany the final accepted version of the manuscript. The version on the disk MUST exacdy match the final version accepted in hardcopy. When preparing a manuscript, use the document mode or its equivalent in the word-processing program; that is, do not save files in "Text Only" (ASCII) mode. Do not include any page-layout instructions such as placement information for graphics in the file. The text should be left-justified and automatic end-of-line hyphenation should be turned off. Use carriage returns only to end headings and paragraphs, not to break lines of text. Do not insert spaces before punctuation. References must conform to the format printed in the journal. Ensure that all characters are correctly represented
throughout the manuscript: for example, 1 (one) and 1 (ell), 0 (zero) and O (oh), x (ex) and x (times sign). Check the final copy carefully for consistent notation and correct spelling. The Editorial Office conversion program will faithfully translate any errors to the typeset copy. Check the disk with an up-to-date virus detection program. The presence of a virus may delay publication of the manuscript. Label the disk with the manuscript number and the corresponding author name. Provide the platform, version of software used, and filenames on the Diskette Description form. All text (including the title page, abstract, all sections of the body of the paper, figure captions, scheme or chart tides and footnotes, and references) and tabular material should be in one file, with the complete text first followed by the tabular material. It is best to use the fonts "Times" and "Symbol." Other fonts, particularly those that do not come bundled with the system software, may not translate properly. Ensure that all special characters (e.g., Greek characters, math symbols, etc.) are present in the body of the text as characters and not as graphic representations. Consult the documentation for the specific software package beiris used on how to detect the presence of graphics in the files and replace them with the appropriate text characters. Tables may be created using a word processor's text mode or table format feature. The table format feature is preferred. Ensure each data entry is in its own table cell. If the text mode is used, separate columns with a single tab and use a line feed (return) at the end of each row. Graphics (i.e., figures, schemes, etc.) should be in a separate file. Most packages for creating them will allow the user to choose a format in which to save a file. TIFF (tagged image file format) or Encapsulated PostScript is preferred. The filename for the graphic should be descriptive of the graphic (e.g., Figurel, Figure2,
or Schemel would contain the artwork for the graphic in Figure 1, Figure 2, or Scheme 1, respectively). Programs that enable the use of graphics and equations are currently under development, and all files received will help our development effort. As additional features become available, these instructions will be updated on the ACS fileserver. Up-to-date information on the submission of softcopy manuscripts can be obtained at http:// pubs.acs.org/instruct/mssondsk.txt. Gopher users should use the address acsinfo.acs.org. Information on submission of softcopy manuscripts is in the document "Manuscript Submission on Disk" in the directory "ACS Publications." Currently acceptable word-processing packages Macintosh: WordPerfect 3.5, Microsoft Word up to version 6.0, MacWrite II, MacWrite 5.0 (usually), Microsoft Works 4.0, WriteNow 2.0, and FrameMaker 5.1. IBM and Compatibles: WordPerfect up to version 8.0, Microsoft Word for Windows 8.0, Microsoft Word for DOS up to version 6.0, and FrameMaker 5.1. Special instructions for specific word processors. Microsoft Word. Greek letters and special symbols (to the extent that it is possible) should be created by applying Symbol font to ASCII characters typed into the file. If characters are selected from the symbol pallet and pasted in, they may be lost when the file is converted. The "ALLCAPS" option in the character format box should not be used. The SEO field should not be used. WordPerfect. Use the normal SUP and SUB codes, not AdvUP and AdvDn, to create superscript and subscript characters. For further information. American Chemical Society, Journals Publishing Operations, 2540 Olentangy River Road, PO. Box 3330, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: (614) 447-3665, fax: (614) 447-3745, e-mail:
[email protected].
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