RESEARCH Sohio, are also effective at a 12:1 compression ratio, possibly representing conditions in future engines. Sohio is now extending its work, he says, to high compression multicyunder engines. These engines, with various combustion chamber designs, have been modified by addition of an ionization gap in each cylinder. Researchers are now correlating the results from hall scale engines with those obtained in a single cylinder, t o extend their knowledge of combustion control. It's all part of the refiner's effort, he explains, t o keep u p with the automotive industry's race for more powerful engines.
New Psychochemical Promazine indicated for same acutely agitated p a tients as chlorpromazine, shows reduced side effects . A COMPOUND related to the widely used chlorpromazine has shown promising results in clinical trials on acutely agitated patients (C&EN, Feb. 2 7 , page 9 0 5 ) . It is unsubstituted in the ring, while chlorpromazine has a chlorine atom in the 3-position. Called promazine (Wyeth tradename Sparine), i t is indicated in the same general areas as its predecessor: for alcoholics—particularly those with delirium tremens, i n the manic phase of the manic depressive syndrome, and for control of withdrawal symptoms of dope addicts. In clinical trials at the District of Columbia General Hospital, it proved as effective a s chlorpromazine b u t showed marked lack of side effects, such as jaundice, hypotension, and agranulocytosis. About 500 patients were tested for u p t o five months, without significant i n cidence of side effects. Long term studies will be needed t o assess side effects. It is being tested in many hospitals. Promazine is t h e third phenathiazine derivative used in the mental field here. Fhenathiazines were first studied in France b y Rhone-Poudenc. W y e t h Laboratories introduced Phenergan several years ago as an a.ntihistaminic. T h e second was cHlorpromazine. Wyeth synthesized and screened 150 compounds before settling on three possibilities. Clinical trials narrowed t h e selection to promazine because of reduced side effects. Wyeth will continue t o study the phenathiazines, concentrating on compounds with varying degrees of activity as well as thdse with action o n different brain centers.
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NOMENCLATURE by AUSTIN M. PATTERSON*
Inorganic Commission Meeting The Commission on Inorganic Chemical Nomenclature of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry will meet at the University of Reading, England, April 11 to 2 0 , to consider further revision of the 1940 rules. A tentative revision of these rules appeared i n the Comptes Rendus of the 17th Conference, IUPAC, Stockholm, Sweden, July 2 9 to Aug. 4 , 1953 (pages 98V119 in English, 120-142 in French; an Italian translation has also been made). Chemists interested in nomenclature are asked to send recommended changes to the chairman or the secretary (listed b e l o w ) . Copies of the Comptes Rendus IUPAC 1953 will be found in most of the leading chemistry libraries. If chemists cannot locate these they may borrow reprints of the tentative 1953 rules from the chairman or the secretary of the commission. M e m b e r s of t h e Commission
A. Silverman (chairman), 2525 Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 13, Pa., U.S.A. J. Bénard, Laboratoire de Chimie VI, 11 Rue Pierre Curie, Paris V, France. N. Bjerrum, Kemisk Forening, Ostervoldgage 5, K0benhavn K, Denmark. Ε. Ή. Biichner, Piet Heinlaan 3, Velp ( G ) , Holland. W. Feitknecht, Department of Chemistry, The University, Bern, Switzerland. . K. A. Jensen (vice chairman), Landsdommervej 13, K0benhavn, N. V., Denmark. L. Malatesta, Institute di Chimica Générale, Université di Milano, Via Cesare Saldini, 50, Milano, Italy. A. ôlander, Department of Chemistry, The University, Stockholm, Sweden. H. Rémy, Chemisches Staatsinstitut, Jungiusstrasse 5-9, (24a) Hamburg, 36, West Germany. G. H. Cheesman (secretary), Department, of Chemistry, The University, Reading, England. * This is the last column t o be written by Dr. Patterson, who passed away F e b . 2 6 . (See Necrology, page 1 0 9 4 ) .
"Analyte" and "Determinate" The term "analyte/' proposed by Crayton M. Crawford t o mean "the substance being analyzed for," has been taken by some readers to mean "the substance being analyzed," that is, the sample. Howard R. Goldberg suggests "determinate" (noun) as meaning "the substance analyzed for (or determined )." However, Mr. Crawford thinks there is no special need for a synonym of "sample," and that "analyte" is shorter than* "determinate" for "the substance analyzed for/' also less likely to b e confused with "determinant" or a similar word. It seems that the left of the ACS does not always know what its right hand is doing. Our attention has been called to the fact that in Analytical Chemistry, in "The Analyst's Column" (27, No. 8, 7A, August 1955), Glenn E. Pollard wrote: "Perhaps a term such as analyte (similar to electrolyte in electrolysis ) could b e applied to the specific component being determined." Supporting letters appeared in t h e same column in October. Priority for the term, then, seems to rest with Mr. Pollard, w h o proposed i t in the same sense as did Mr. Crawford. W e will leave it at that.
Radicals and Anions A correspondent notes that C H $ C ( : 0 ) O - is called both an acetoxy radical and an acetate radical. This, w e believe, is a confusion in terminology; the acetate ion, C H 3 C ( : 0 ) O differs from the acetoxy radical (by an electron). T h e only organic cases w e know of, where it h a s been agreed to disregard the distinction, are the names cyanato, isocyanato, thiocyanato, and isothiocyanato, which (for lack of suitable radical names) are used for both radicals and anions. T h e context must supply the structure. T h e names mioro, chloro, bromo, iodo, amido, azido, nitro, and methyl have also been used in coordination names to denote anionic groups as well as neutral radicals.
MARCH
5, 1956 C&EN
1075
