R E S E A R C H RESULTS . . . immediately available All manuscripts listed here are being considered for possible publication in I&EC and I&EC quarterlies. They are available to I&EC subscribers at reproduction and handling cost, at any time prior to publication. Papers withdrawn from consideration will generally remain available for 90 days if authors approve. ,4 Research Results Service manuscript should be treated as a personal communication. Reference to its content in any publication should have the author’s prior approval. Please use the printed coupon, and include payment with your order.
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D e w and Bubble Isotherm Calculational Method For Binary System Phase and Volumetric Behavior
S. IC. Bhattaciiar);kz and A . K . Sen, Indian Institute of Technology,
Kansas
A systematic study of synthesis of acrylic acid and of ethyl acrylate, using various salts of iron, cobalt, and nickel as catalysts. Reduced iron, cobalt, and nickel and their carbonyls were practically inactive; their halides and naphthenates exhibited excellent catalytic activity. Under most favorable conditions, conversions of ethyl acrylate and acrylic acid were 61.3% and 8,6yoon the basis of input acetylene. .\Is. 63-749
37pages, including LiJigures, 78 tables
.
Research Results Service, l&EC
Catalytic Synthesis of Acrylic Acid and Ethyl Acrylate from Acetylene Carbon Monoxide and Water or Ethanol under Pressure
Kiiaragpiir, India
,
A’eweli C. RodeEald, J. A . Davis, and F. Kurata, Uniuersifj of
An experimental method which complements the dew and bubble method. Calculations eliminate disadvantages 0, the latter and of the static or circulation methods. Results agree with data by other methods. Order of precision is of the same magnitude.
M s . 63-792
25pages, including GJigures, 7 table
$3.00
54.00 A n Experimental Apparatus for Determination of Phase and Volumetric Behavior in the Region between 20’ and 200’ K.
Diophantine Analysis and the Separaiion of Simultaneous Oxidation-Reduction Equations
Donald R. Szeayte, 47 Sayre St., Elizabeth, A’. J . Concerns a technique which might be used in industrial processes such as catalytic cracking of petroleum, or in identifying undesirable side reactions in low yield organic syntheses. .lis. GJ-181
3 pages
$7.00
Thermal Properties of Clay, Silt, and Ice from Ambient to Cryogenic Temperatures
A method for measurement of thermal conductivity and specific heat of two types of earth and ice, Thermal diffusivity was calculated, using the parameters thermal conductivity, specific heat, and density. Results indicate that Tvater is the major variable affecting thermal property values. 20 kages, including IOjipures, 2 tables
Thermostated bath operates with either liquid or gas heat transfer media, using liquid nitrogen or helium refrigerant. Measurements of saturated volumetric behavior of nitrogen indicate apparatus can be used to determine liquid densities within a few tenths of a per cent, and saturated vapor phase compressibility factors with an accuracy of about 2%.
‘Ms.63-193
2 9 pages, including 11 figures, 4 tables
$3.00
Evaluation of a Hydrazine Fuel Anode
J . 0.Thieme and R. L. Every, Continental Oil Coinpuny
XIS.53-784
J . A . Davis, A’ezuell C . Rodewald, and F. Kurata, University of KQnsas
$2.00
T . Katan, M . Chin, and G. Company
M,’. Allen,
Lockheed Missiles and Space
Totally immersed porous hydrazine fuel anodes were evaluated for electrochemical performance and current efficiency for use in fuel cell operation. Performance shows promise for special aerospace and ground applications. Close to 9 5 % current efficiencies are possible with 0.2.M N2H4 and 6.9.U KOH electrolyte. Water removal and prevention of C 0 2 contamination are problems.
his. 63-196
25pages, including Bfigures, 5 tables
$3.00
Transitional Behavior for the Simultaneous Mass and Heat Transfer of Gases Flowing through Packed and Distended Beds of Spheres
Bshis Sen Cupta and George Thodos, A’orthroestern University
130
Characteristics OF Single and Multiple Hole Orific Plates for Gas-Liquid Reactions
Simultaneous mass and heat transfer, associated with evaporation of water from surfaces of celite spheres, studied at high Reynolds numbers. Unexpected transitional behavior presents novel feature not encountered previously in similar studies. Information should prove of value for study of catalytic reactions associated with fast surface action rates, and for through-circulation drying requiring high rates of air f l o ~ v .
Effects of design variables on contactjng efficiency studied, using the air-sodium sulfite system, and flow characteristics examined with high-speed motion pictures. Results are compared with data on agitated-tank reactors.
M s. 63- 789
Ms.
9 pages, including 2figures, 7 table
$1.00
I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y
Delbert M. Ottrners and Howard F. Rase, Unizersity of Texas
63-799
23pages, including 6~?gurss,7 table
5.3.00
R E S E A R C H RESULTS Conversion of Plutonium Nitrate to Plutonium Tetrafluoride via the Continuous Oxalate-Fluoride Method
H. JV, Cracker and H . H. Hopkins, Jr., Hanford Atomic Products Opration, General Electric Company Describes process and equipment developed in laboratory studies and later scaled u p and used for plant production of free-flo\ving plutonium tetrafluoride of low impurity level, suitable for reduction to plutonium metal. Advantages of continuous processing are uniform product and low unit cost, lower operating and maintenance cost, and elimination of multiple batch processing units.
MS.63-200
76 pages, including Qjigures
A N e w Phosphorylation Reaction of Oleflns. Derivatives of Alpha-Olefins
$2.00
Relatively new procedure for synthesizing organic phosphorus compounds from olefins 1,2,3,4,6 has been extended to some commercially available alpha-olefins. Method is based on reaction of an olefin with phosphorus trichloride and aluminum chloride in cold methylene chloride as the solvent. Resultant products are mixtures of saturated phosphinic acid chlorides and acids.
70pages, including 2 tables
J . F. Smith and J . R. Albin, E. I . du Font de Nemours and Company Describes efforts to develop safe and practical procedures for difluorodiazine cures. Longer service life clearly foreseen for difluorodiazine-cured Viton. This type of curing may have certain applications in spite of problems and restrictions.
Ms. 63-277
74pages, including Gjigures, 2 tables
82.00
The Base Catalyzed Oxidalion of Mercaptans in the Presence of Inorganic Transition Metal Complexes
Thomas J . Wallace, Alan Schriesheim, Howard Hurwite, and Marvin B. Glaser, Esso Research and Engineering Company
IV.
Eric Jungermann and H. E. Reich, Armour and Company
MS.63-208
The Vulcanization of Viton Fluoroelastomers with Difluorodiazine
$7.00
Simulated process studies indicate that a cobalt pyrophosphate system is feasible for sweetening of actual feed stocks such as naphthas and kerosines. Inorganic ligand a n d electronic configuration of transition metal cation appear to play a key role in catalyst activity.
M s . 63-278
23pages, including g j g u r e s , 7 table
63.00
A n Idealized Model for Transient Film Boiling
Ralph M . Singer, Argonne National Laboratory Systematic Determination of Nondistinct Characteristic Equivalents in Dimensional Analysis
Luh C . T a o , University of Nebraska Describes a method to obtain systematically those equivalents not obviously available in a given system. A modification of basic transport equations, it uses a concept of algebraic operation in dimensional domain.
M S . 63-209
70 pages, including 2figures
61.00
B . M . E . van der Hoff, Polymer Corporation, Ltd. Compares chemistry of dicuyl peroxide vulcanization of polyisoprenes and polybutadienes of different microstructures, and gives data showing influence of microstructure. Reviews peroxide curing of cis-l,4-polyisoprene.
24 pages, including Bjgures, 3 tables
63.00
Spontaneous Pelletization i n Fine Powders
H. P. Meissner, A . S. Michaels, R. Kaiser, Massachusetts Institute of Technology An experimental study of zinc oxide pelletization in a rotating cylinder. Formation of agglomerates appears attributable to action of Van der Waals forces. Physical properties of agglomerates (if relatively large particles) unchanged by tumbling, but density and crushing strength of small particles (0.25 micron and less) markedly increased.
M s . 63-272
77pages, including Ifigures, I lable
MS. 63-279
25 pages, including 70 j g ures
83.00
Product Selectivity in Backmix Reactor
L. T . Fan, C. S. Wang, C. H , Chan, and R. C. Bailie, Kansas State University
Reactions between Peroxide and Polydiolefins
Ms. 63-270
Attempts to describe transient response of a system undergoing film boiling. Wall temperature undergoes a step, step-exponential, or step-sinusoidal change. Equation describing vapor film thickness solved numerically. Solution presented with heat transfer results.
82.00
Product distribution for a number of consecutive chemical reactions carried out in a single backmix reactor as well as in a series of backmix reactors was computed. Results are presented in dimensionless plots.
MS. 63-227
36 pages, including 73 jig ures
84.00
Kinetics of Hydrogen Reduction of Iron Ore in a BotchFluidized Bed and Application to a Three-Bed Continuous Process
Jeromr Feinman, U. S. Steel Corporation Reduction rate was independent of particle size, within particle size range of Venezuelan ore suitable for fluidization. Continuous three-bed reduction process simulated in a continuous reactor was about twice as productive as two-bed system.
Ms. 63-222
24pages, including Sfigures, 4 tables
83.00
Ozone Photosensitized Regenerative Fuel Cell Crushing Strength of Zinc Oxide Agglomerates
H . P . Meissner, A . S. Michaels, and R. Kaiser, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Strengths of agglomerates of zinc oxide are a unique function of particle diameter, agglomerate diameter, and volume fraction solids within agglomerate. Relationship can presumably be extended to other powder systems.
M s . 63-273
15pages, including dfigures, 2 tables
Ju Chin Chu and Martin Lieberman, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn Thermodynamic analysis, kinetic evaluation, and engineering optimization of regenerative fuel cell operating on ozone. Regeneration accomplished by photosensitized reaction of oxygen in presence of nitrogen dioxide.
Ms. 63-223
40pages, including Idfigures, 10 tables
Entropy Production-A Estimation of Vapor Pressures. of a Simple Reduced Equation
$4.00
$2.00
II. Correlation of Constants
Donold G. Miller, University of California
Chemical Engineering Viewpoint
Samuel W . Bodman, Charles A . Gray, Robert C. Reid, and George W. Roberts, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Rapid prediction of vapor pressures in low and high pressure regions, using only the normal boiling point a n d critical point as input data. Predicted vapor pressures slightly better than those from Riedel and Frost-Kalkwarf equations. Calculations considerably simpler.
A general expression relating rate of entropy production to rates of heat, mass and charge transfer, and rate of chemical reaction is derived. Relation between entropy production and loss of useful work is discussed. An example of use of minimization of entropy production in selecting proper layout of a multicomponent distillation system is given.
Ms. 6.+274
M s . 63-226
2Opages, including 4Jigures, 2 tables
S2.00
3 0 p a g e s , including Zfigurcs, 4 tables VOL. 5 5
NO. 9
83.00
SEPTEMBER 1963
131
