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Industrial Engineering and
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Volume 8
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NOVEMBER 10, 1930
References to t h e Literature I n the N E W S E D I T I O N of J a n u a r y 20, 1930, we printed a note on
references t o the literature, which has elicited many replies and brought us numerous suggestions. N o correspondence on this subject h a s been received for some time, s o we assume that all especially interested have given u s their views a n d that we may now come t o a decision. I t is apparent t h a t for the present little progress can b e made in standardizing the placement of references in t h e literature. A considerable number of our correspondents, including editors, prefer t h e footnote system. Others believe that the collection of all literature citations a t the end of the article, especially for our purposes, is best. After using our present system for more than a year, during which time only two complaints h a v e been received, we are convinced t h a t i t is t h e most satisfactory. This is particularly true with a publication using a large page of two columns, as w e do. Our present style i s undeniably of great assistance to the bibliographer, since it keeps literature references together in one place. Further, w i t h the references arranged alphabetically according t o t h e authors, the reader, a s well as t h e bibliographer, can see a t a glance the names of the men w h o have worked i n the field, and t h e year the work was published. I t also brings the citations to t h e work of one author together in convenient form and leaves t h e b o t t o m of t h e page free for footnotes relevant to the text but n o t sufficiently a part of i t to b e incorporated in the article itself. A n article can be more readily followed if the page is n o t broken up b y mixing literature references with other footnotes a t t h e b o t t o m of the page. From a make-up standpoint it greatly simplifies satisfactory arrangement, permitting footnotes t o be placed at t h e end of t h e column t o which they refer. T h e correspondence has emphasized o n e point—namely, the importance of the time when a piece of work was published. In order t o m e e t this situation we have decided to ask our authors to include in the b o d y of the text the name of the author to whom they refer, followed b y the year i n which h e did the work. The reader will t h u s b e aided in evaluating a reference for his purposes without the added effort of finding and reading it. A s to the form of t h e citation, it seems clear t b a t the author's name should appear i n the reference, whether or n o t it appears in the text. While t h e ideal arrangement would include the author's initials, i t is highly improbable that authors will uniformly follow this practice. W e h a v e decided, therefore, t o use author's initials w h e n given consistently throughout an entire bibliography but otherwise to o m i t them. T h e specialist w h o consults the bibliography m a y be assumed t o be familiar w i t h the work in his field a n d consequently will have no difficulty in placing the responsibility of authorship. A few readers h a v e expressed a preference for complete titles of articles cited. W e hesitate to adopt this suggestion, first because titles often do n o t describe contents with, accuracy, and second because if used the space required for references would be too great. Opinions v a r y regarding the m e t h o d of stating page numbers. We prefer t o s t a t e inclusive pages and with long articles, an additional reference should be given to t h e specific page cited. Thus: 2 4 1 - 5 0 6 , especially 304. If inclusive pages are given our style i s : 2 7 7 - 9 ; or «where the second figure cbanges, 177-80; and if t h e third figure changes, 2 7 7 - 3 0 1 . I n citing journals, t h e abbreviations laid down by Chemical Abstracts should b e faithfully employed. The following i s an example of t h e reference as i t should b e written: (1) Andrews, Am. J. Pharm., 84, 531-5 (1912). For book references we will state the author, the title of the book (in quotations), the volume number set i n Roman type where there i s more than one volume, the chapter or page where
Number 21
the specific reference is t o be found, the publisher, and the date. The following is an example : Wilson, "Chemistry of Leather Manufacture," Vol. I, p. 365, Chemical Catalog, 1929. T h e reference will be indicated as now b y an italic number enclosed in parentheses in the t e x t and of the same sized type as the text proper. These numbers, with their citations arranged alphabetically b y authors' names, will appear a t the end of the article. Authors are requested to familiarize themselves with t h e style adopted b y INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING C H E M ISTRY f o r literature references. It will greatly facilitate t h e publication of their work if they will see to it that such references as tiiey employ are i n the form indicated at the time the m a n u script is submitted. W e are greatly indebted t o all those who have assisted u s in making t h i s investigation.
Plans for Buffalo Intersectional Meeting Progressing Registration for the annual intersectional meeting of the Schenectady, Syracuse, Rochester, Cornell, a n d Western N e w York Sections will open Friday morning, November 28, a t 9 A. M:., on t h e Mezzanine Floor of the Hotel Statler in Buffalo. T h e morning meetings in t h e Hotel Statler will be followed in the afternoon b y meetings a t the Buffalo Museum of Science. The dinner address t o be given by Joseph C. W. Frazer, of Johns Hopkins "University, will be a real treat, his subject being "Catalysis.1 * O n Saturday morning G. Hevesy, visiting professor at Cornell University, will speak o n "The Chemistry and Geochemistry of the Titanium Group." This meeting will be held in Foster Hall, University of Buffalo. I n addition t o the sections ordinarily meeting there will b e a biological section, which bids fair to be an outstanding feature. Look for the complete program in the November 20 N E W S EDITION!
President McPherson on Lecture Tour W i l l i a m McPherson, President of the AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY, i s making a lecture tour of twenty-two local sections of the SOCIETY. He is addressing sections in Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Tennessee, N o r t h Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. The titles of his lectures are: "Methods of Nature," "Reminiscences of Great Teachers of Chemistry," and "Chemistry of Organic Compounds of Titanium." His tour began October 2 7 and ends December 5. These lectures were arranged by the Local Section Officers Committee, Ellice McDonald, secretary, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
Changes in Constitution Adopted The ballot on t h e changes in the Constitution as printed o n p a g e 9 of the September 20, 1930, N E W S EDITION, w a s
counted b y a committee consisting of W . D . Bigelow, H . E. Howe, and Charles L . Parsons, with t h e result that the changes were unanimously adopted. CHARLES L . P A R S O N S
Secretary
2
Vol. 8, No. 21
NEWS EDITION Trip to Londoi Being Organized for Society of Chemical Industry Jubilee
When the Society of Chemical Industry held its annual meeting in N e w York in September, 1928, on t h e occasion of Doctor Little's election as president, a party of about 150 members of t h e society and of the Institute of Chemical Engineers took part i n a three weeks' tour of eastern Canada and t h e Eastern States. T h e society will celebrate its fiftieth anniversary in London in July, 1931, and it 'was felt that this would be a fitting oppor tunity for American and Canadian chemists and chemical engi neers to repay the compliment paid us by our British cousins t w o years ago. Accordingly, the secretary of t h e Canadian council of the society, H. P. Foran, with the cooperation of Foster D . SneU, secretary of the American Section, has organized a trip for chem ists and chemical engineers to attend this jubilee meeting and a t the same time visit some of the famous beauty spots of the British Isles. The party will sail from Montreal on the White Star Liner Laurentic July 4, and upon arrival a t Liverpool will entrain for London, reaching the metropolis on July 12. The jubilee meeting will be held July 13 to 18, inclusive. A special committee has been at work for several months planning t o make this event t h e best of its kind which has ever been held i n Britain. On July 19 the party will leave London for Leamington and drive through Shakespeare's country by motor coach. T h e next day they will leave for Windermere, in the heart of t h e pic turesque lake district. Leaving Windermere t h e following morning, they will proceed through the lake district by motor coach to Keswick, whence they will go t o Edinburgh o n July 22. The next day will b e spent sightseeing in Edinburgh, and on July 2 4 the famous Trossachs will be traversed b y motor coach and lake boats on Loch Katrine a n d Loch Lomond, t h e party arriving a t Glasgow i n the evening. Those returning v i a Canada will embark on the White Star Liner Arabic on July 25, reaching Montreal on August 2—exactly four weeks after their departure. Those who wish t o return t o N e w York may sail from Glasgow o n the new motorship Brittanic o n July 2 6 . T h e trip has been planned t o suit those who can afford but a short time away from their business. T h e cost, including all expenses, will be $320 without accommodation in London; with room and breakfast i n London (the luncheons and dinners will b e mostly i n connection with t h e convention) t h e cost will b e $345. This comprises tourist cabin accommodation on t h e A t lantic trip. Those desiring to travel cabin class m a y do so o n payment of t h e difference—about $65 each w a y . T h e land portion of the tour i s exactly the same, n o matter which class is used a t sea. Those wishing t o take a 14-day tour o n t h e Continent may do so at a n added cost of S140. It is sincerely hoped t h a t a large number of Americans a n d Canadians will avail themselves of this opportunity, which should appeal o n account of the significance of the London meet ing, the interesting itinerary planned, and t h e cost, which is much less than one would spend t o cover t h e same ground alone. Those intending t o make the trip can reserve their accommoda tion b y a deposit of $25, and early booking is urged as t h e a s signment of cabins is made strictly i n the order of application. Full particulars m a y be obtained from H . P. Foran, Shawinigan Chemicals, Ltd., Shawinigan Falls, Quebec, or from L. S. Tobin, Passenger Manager of the White Star Line, Montreal.
West Virginia University Receives Fellowships Elwood Jones, of Switchback, W . Va., h a s given t e n research fellowships to West Virginia University, paying $1200 per year each. T h e College of Engineering has received three of t h e fellowships, t w o in t h e Department of Chemical Engineering. D . D . Wheeler, Research Department, Enamel Division, Ameri can Rolling Mills Co., has been granted o n e of the Fellowships in ceramic research. Mr. Wheeler received t h e degree of bache lor of science i n ceramic engineering in 1928 a t Iowa State Col lege, and master of science in ceramics in 1929 at the University of Washington. C. J . Potter, who received the degrees of bachelor of science and master of science i n chemical engineering from t h e Missouri School of Mines in 1929 a n d 1930, respectively, is carrying on a coal carbonization investigation under a Jones Fellowship.
Pierre S. du Pont Awarded Chemical Markets Medal Pierre S . du Pont, chairman of t h e board of E . I. d u P o n t d e Nemours & Co., I n c . , h a s been named first recipient of t h e Chemical Markets Medal, being chosen b y t h e readers of Chemi cal Markets as t h e business man of t h e chemical industry w h o has made the most notable contribution to i t s advancement. Seventy-nine executives were nominated for this honor. The award was made b y a final ballot of t h e readers, choosing among t h e
five receiving the greatest number of nominating ballots—Edwin M. Allen, president, Mathieson Alkali Works; L e o H. Baekeland, president, Balcelite Corp.; Herbert H. Dow, president, D o w Chemical Co. ; Pierre S. d u Pont, chairman of the board, E . I . du P o n t de JSTemours & Co., Inc. ; and George Eastman, chair man, Eastman Kodak Co. M r . du Pont's services t o the chemical industry a s chemist, executive, a n d financier nave been very broad, a n d he has brought his company to i t s present position as the largest and one o f the m o s t diversified chemical enterprises i n America. T h e gold medal to> be presented to M r . d u Pont h a s been executed from a design by Lawrence Tenny Stevens, embodying the head of John Harrison, who established the first sulfuric acid plant on this continent, in Philadelphia, i n 1793.
Little to Receive Perkin Medal T h e Perkin JVted.al for 1931 h a s been awarded to Arthur D . Little. This i s bestowed b y a committee composed of repre sentatives of five leading chemical societies and is given o n a basis of a lifetime of achievement. The presentation will be made at a joint meeting of the chemical societies to b e held on January 9, probably at The Chemists' Club.
"W. H . Dow Elected President At the regular monthly meeting of the board of directors of the Dow Chemical Co., held in Midland, Mich., October 20, Willard Henry Dow, s o n o f the l a t e Herbert Henry D o w , w a s elected president and general manager t o succeed his father.
Mellon Institute rectmochemical Lectures 1930-31
Two series lecturesengineering on important subjects in industrial chemistry and ofchemical willofbe presented by tech nologic specialists of Mellon Institute Industrial Research during 1930-31. These discourses, which will beboth delivered or* Mondays, 10:30 A. M. to 11:30 A. M., throughout semesters, in the Fellows'chemistry Room of the Institute, willengineering be open toinallthe students ofversity industrial and chemical of Pittsburgh, as well as to the Institute's members. Uni SOME TMPORT-ΑΝΤ CHEMICAL ENOINEBRING MATERIALS, THEIR MANUFACTURE, PROPERTIES, USES, AND EVALUATION November November November December December December
10 17 24 1 8 15
R . H. Ueilman, " H e a t Insulation M a t e r i a l s " Henri ^Tarc, "Asbestos and Magnesia P r o d u c t s " J. D. Alley, " I r o n " S- A. Braley, "Steel" A . W. Coffmaa, "Corrosion-Resisting Materials" H . J. R o s e , "Colce"
PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES January 5 J a n u a r y 12 J a n u a r y 19 F e b r u a r y 16 March. 2 March. 9 March 16 March 23 March 30 April 1 3 April 2 0 April 2 7 May 4 May 11 May 18
H - H. àtfeyers, "Fertilizers" E - J. Casselman, " G l a s s " E - W. Reid, "Solvents" P . B. H>avidson, " P a p e r " R.- N. Wenzel, " F a t t y Oils and Soaps" G-_ S. Hîers, " D y e s " C - F. Goldthwait, "Textiles" KL K. Salzberg, " F a i n t s ' * A~ G. Loomis, " P e t r o l e u m Production" KC, E. F o o t e , " I n d u s t r i a l Gases" J . J . Enxight, "Bacteriology, Chemistry, a n d Public Health** E - W. ^Morrison, "Industrial Bacteriology" N"- D. Harvey, " P l a s t i c s , Including R a y o n " G-- J. C o x , " P i n e Chemicals" G«orge D . Beal, "Pharmaceuticals"
Charles H. l î e r t y , former president of AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, has discovered a process for making white newsprint paper from, "slash" pine equal to paper made from, spruce.
Reprints of Symposium on Industrial Fermentations Available Bound copies o f reprints of t h e Symposium o n Industrial Fermentations, presented before t h e Divisions of I n dustrial and Engineering, OrgaMic, and Cellulose Chemist r y at the Cincinnati Meeting of the AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY, m a y b e obtained upon application to Β* Μ . Billings, Secretary of t h e Division of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, Ν . Υ., for 7 5 cents per copy.
N o v e m b e r 10, 1930
INDUSTRIAL
AND
ENGINEERING?
Ellwood Hendrick Ellwood Hendrick, who died of pneumonia October 29, in N e w York, at the a g e of sixty-eight, was the Abou Ben Adhem of American chemists. H e believed t h a t the w a y to have a friend was t o be one. He & tell| v p p fâ|I p p p l feg1 | E \ J I \ p M \ l IE@£L
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Ellwood Hendrick Reproduced from a portrait by Augustus Vincent Tack which is hung in the Duncan Phillips Collection in Washington, r>. C.
necessity loved him. Doctor Hendrick received his chemical educ a t i o n u n d e r disting u i s h e d t e a c h e r s at Zurich and in Germany. H e put it t o practical use i n the Albany Aniline and Chemical Works bel o n g i n g t o his father. H e later became special agent of a n i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n y and s u b s e q u e n t l y joined his b r o t h e r - i n - l a w p n the brokerage business, from which he retired in 1915. H e returned to chemistry m 1917, when he joined t h e staff of A r t h u r D . Little, Inc., for a period of five years. items for t h e r e c o r d . The thing which made Ellwood Hendrick Unique, a n d which HOW makes his memory pre cious, was the p e r s o n
ality of the man himself. ^ T h e somewhat heavy figure and the generous features of the rubicund face combined with little touches of dress to create the impression of a Mid-Victorian squire w i t h a human interest in t h e good things of life, b u t the spirit behind them was modern t o a degree. Hendrick loved t o consort with many men of m a n y minds, and in all company he w a s a catalyst of goodfellowship. H e m e t life with the fine and tolerant philosophy of a cosmopolitan gentleman. H e had a discriminating taste i n music and the fine arts and found much pleasure in extensive travels. Hendrick's conversation was replete with engaging talk, de lightful stories, and flashes of worldly wisdom. His laughter w a s hearty and contagious as became h i s presence. H e wrote easily, with admirable literary style, and his letters were charm ing. With this endowment h e quite naturally found his opportunity for greatest service in the interpretation of chemistry t o the multitude. This h e did with conspicuous success by lectures, essays, magazine articles, and several books, the best known of the latter being his "Everyman's Chemistry," published by Harper. In 1924 Doctor Hendrick accepted t h e position of curator of t h e Chandler Museum a t Columbia University, where his ca pacity for sympathy and understanding quickly broadened his office into that of Father Confessor to t h e students, to whom his influence for good has been beyond all calculation. Afternoon t e a at his office became an institution which attracted deans, professors, and students from all departments. His monthly receptions a t the Faculty Club were made a medium for bringing t o the students the broadening influence of music, art, and litera ture. Hendrick found many friends in t h e Century Association, a n d h e was a loyal and conspicuous member of the Chemists' Club, which he served as president in 1918. Those of us w h o knew him well c a n wish for no friendlier greeting in t h e Great Beyond than t h a t which w e may hope t o receive from Ellwood Hendrick: ARTHUR
D.
CHEJM1STRY
in the Na_tional Institute of Health, Public Health Service, Treasury ^Department, Washington, D . C , and in the Bureau of Biologic=al Survey, Department of Agriculture, for duty at the Control ML-ethods Research Laboratory, Denver, Colo'., and other branches. Applicants must have a bachelor's degree with major work in pharmacology, toxicology, or chemistry, and must have had three zyears o f progressive professional experience in pharma cology, tozxicolog^r, physiology, or experimental medicine. En trance salary is from. $3200 to $3800 a year, and applications must be osa file n o t later than December 10, 1930. Senior "Technologist (Cellulose), Technologist (Foods), and Technologist (Te:xtiles)—To fill vacancies in the Bureau of Chem istry and SSoils axid t h e Bureau of Standards. Applicants must have been» gradated with a bachelor's degree, w i t h t h e com pletion of a t least 118 semester hours, including the fundamentals of chemistry, mathematics, and engineering or physics. Senior technologist (ccHnlose), salary $4600 t o $5400 a year, must have had a t learst six >rears of progressive technical experience, the last three in important and responsible work involving t h e production and utilization o f cellulose materials, and must possess executive ability an-d a good personality. The duties of this position will be t o coinduct investigations on the utilization of cornstalks, cotton sta3ks,rice hulls, and similar by-products. T h e deities o f food technologist, salary $3800 to $4600 a year, •will b e to ^planand carry o u t investigations on the preservation of foods, ancn to stndy a n d develop new and improved methods for the utilization o f cull and surplus fruits and vegetables. Appli cants m u s t have: had five years' experience, chiefly in food tech nology, demonstrating investigative ability of a high order, and ability to -cooperate with and supervise the efforts of others. T h e du-=ties of the textile technologist will be to have charge of all textile and g a r m e n t projects of the Division of Trade Stand ards at tBie Bureau of Standards, t o conduct conferences with executives of t h e various branches of the textile and garment in dustry, tes prepare articles for publication, and to make speeches and generrally supervise t h e establishment of commercial stand 1 ards coverring grades, qualities, and measurements in these two industries. Candidates must have had five years* experience— chiefly in textile technology—showing a high degree of progres sion in daities a^nd responsibility. T h e salary will be $3800 to $4600 a y-ear. Certains, substitutions of additional education for experience are perrnittedt. Applicants must not have reached their fiftieth birthday. Applications must be on file not later t h a n November 19.1930. Senior Toxicologist—Qualifications of candidates for the po sition of s-enior toxicologist, Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, Wash ington, D . C, -will be passed upon b y a special board of ex aminers, composed of W. "W. Skinner, Bureau of Chemistry and Soils; M . X . S u l l i v a n , Hygienic Laboratory; and A. S. Ernest, U. S . Ci~vil Seirvice Commission. Minimum qualifications are educations, equivalent to t h a t represented by an M.D-, P h . D . , or Sc.D. fro=m a college of recognized standing with major work in toxicology, pharmacology, zoology, physical chemistry, or a closely reflated "branch, and experience in important research or experimental wrork, sufficient t o demonstrate keen judgment and perception, of t h e scientific problems fundamental to the position. The appointee must possess executive ability and a good personality, a n d must submit with the application a com plete list of publications, together with available reprints. The entrance salary is $4600. Applications must be o n file not later than November- 26, 1930. Toxico3ogist This examination is to fill vacancies in the Bureau sai Cherjnistry and Soils a t salaries ranging from $3800 to $4600 ι. ^rear. The duties are to test the toxicological action of organic a n d inorganic compounds prepared for use a s insecti cides u p o n fish, insects, a n d other animals; to collaborate with chemists to develop the facts upon which a theory as t o the re lation be=twecri -chemical constituents and toxicological action to insects naiay be^ established. Applications must be o n file not later tham November 26, 1930. Full imforitia-tion regarding these examinations m a y be ob tained frrom trxe U- S. Civil Service Commission, "Washington, D. C , o s : from the Secretary of the U . S. Civil Service Board of Examine=rs at t î i e post office or customhouse in a n y city.
LITTLE
Civil Service Examinations Announced
IPeruv-ian Government Orders Coloration of All Gasoline
Associate Biochemist (Animal Body Fluids)—This examination i s to fill vacancies in t h e Bureau of Animal Industry, Depart ment of Agriculture, at entrance salaries ranging from $3200 t o $3800 a year. Applicants must show t h a t they have been gradu a t e d with a bachelor's degree, with t h e completion of a t least 118 semester hours with major work in chemistry—preferably biochemistry—and supporting branches of science, and that they have had a t least three years of postgraduate college training or progressive scientific experience in biochemical investigative •work. Applications must be filed not later than December 10, 1930. Associate Pharmacologist—This examination is to fill vacancies
T h e feruvia-rn Military Government has issued a decree compelling ooloring: of kerosene and tractoline (kerosene for tractors), blue ancfl amber, respectively, in order to prevent their use to adultera-rte gasoline dispensed from filling stations, according to information received at t h e Department of Commerce. T h e d&ecree, which became effective October 1, provides that every stsation shall b e provided with official measuring devices to enable t h e buyer t o check the amount of gasoline, and directs the xnucaicipalrty t o fine the owner of a station in case gasoline shall be proved to contain kerosene or other foreign substance. A secon-d offen.se is to be followed b y confiscation of t h e station and equidpmerrfc.
Vol. 8, No. 21
NEWS EDITION
4
Decision in Case of Monsanto vs. Jaeger and Bertsch * In t h e United States Circuit C o u r t of Appeals for t h e T h i r d Circuit, on· appeal from t h e District Court of t h e United States for t h e Western District of Pennsylvania, t h e following decision h a s been rendered in t h e case of t h e M o n s a n t o Chemical Works vs. A, O. Jaeger a n d J . A. B e r t s c h : The issues in this case grew o u t of a controversy which arose over certain agreements called option and purchase agreements wherein t h e defendants gave options t o the plaintiff to purchase certain new processes and contact masses for the manufacture of sulfuric acid and phthalic anhydride. The learned District Judge in a very careful and comprehensive opinion disposed of the issues involved without error and we affirm the decree on his opinion, except as to costs, as t o which the decree is modified. Plaintiffs shall pay one-third and defendant two-thirds of the costs.
Director Wanted for Fuel Research Institute The Government of t h e Union of S o u t h Africa invites applica tions from suitably qualified research chemists for a p p o i n t m e n t t o the post of director of t h e Fuel Research I n s t i t u t e , Union of South Africa. T h e salary attached t o t h e post is £1000 per a n n u m ($5000), increasing t o £1200 per a n n u m (S6000), a n d applicants m u s t b e p r e p a r e d t o sign a c o n t r a c t for a n initial period of t h r e e years. Applications, giving full information, including applicant's age, academic qualifications, a n d previous experience, a n d accom panied by certified copies of academic certificates, testimonials, etc., m u s t reach t h e C h a i r m a n , Fuel Research B o a r d , D e p a r t m e n t of Mines a n d Industries, Pretoria, S o u t h Africa, o n o r before J a n u a r y 15, 1931. F u r t h e r information m a y b e o b t a i n e d from t h e S o u t h African Legation, 1607 Twenty-second S t . , N . W., W a s h i n g t o n , D C .
N . Y. Section of A. E. S. Announces Meeting T h e regular a u t u m n meeting of t h e New Y o r k Section of t h e American Electrochemical Society "will b e held o n Friday, November 2 1 , a t 8 P. M. in 309 Havemeyer Hall, Columbia Uni versity. T h e nearest s u b w a y station is a t O n e H u n d r e d a n d Sixteenth S t . on t h e Broadway-Seventh Avenue line. T h e public is invited. Beverly L . Clark, of t h e Bell Telephone Laboratories, will p r e sent h i s methods a n d results in regard t o " P o t e n t i o m e t r i c T i t r a tions i n Non-Aqueous Solvents." Dwight Κ . Alpern, formerly of S w a r t h m o r e College, will give a n experimental lecture o n " P h o t o - Voltaic Cells." These novel electrolyte photoelectric cells will be d e m o n s t r a t e d , their striking practical uses shown, and their operation compared with ordinary photoelectric cells. Columbia University has extended t o t h e society t h e privi leges of t h e Faculty Club a t One Hundred a n d Eighteenth S t . a n d Morningside P a r k West, where a n informal dinner a t 6:45 p. M. will precede t h e meeting. M e m b e r s of t h e American Elec trochemical Society a n d their guests a r e invited—one dollar a n d a half p e r cover.
Reduced Subscription Rates to I. R. I. Transactions An a r r a n g e m e n t has been m a d e between t h e committees of t h e Institution of the R u b b e r I n d u s t r y a n d t h e R u b b e r Division of t h e A M E R I C A N C H E M I C A L S O C I E T Y , w h e r e b y m e m b e r s of b o t h
societies are enabled t o subscribe to each o t h e r ' s journal a t r e duced r a t e s . M e m b e r s of t h e R u b b e r Division m a y receive t h e I. R. I . Transactions a t $4.00 a year, instead of t h e regular price of $6.50. Specimen copy will b e sent on r e q u e s t t o W . F . V. Cox, Secretary, Institution of t h e R u b b e r I n d u s t r y , F a r a d a y House, 10 Charing Cros* Road, London, W. C . 2, E n g l a n d .
Leather from Fish Skins
W h e n this process for the synthertic production of gasoline from low-grade coal-dust of t h e Ruhr, u-msuitecl for fuel purposes, w e n t into production, i t was announced that -the plant would produce 30,000 metric tons of gasoline ann-ually. While it has been u n able to meet i t s program, the Gerrruan dye trust is producing a b o u t 100,000 metric tons of synthe-tiegasoline a n n u a l l y b y the c a t a l y t i c hydrogénation of lignite t a r .
Odorless Garnish A R T H U R J. ENFORTOI*
General Plastics, I n c . , Notrth Tonawanda, Ν . Υ. C h a n g e s in t h e materials employed in construction work h a v e been m o s t remarkable during t S i e p a s t t e n years. Lighter, stronger, and more durable produces are b e i n g used i n all t y p e s of work. T h e phenolic resins and tmeir m o l d i n g compounds h a v e played a tremendous p a r t in this cfcnange, giving not only stronger a n d m o r e lustrous products but a-llowing materials to b e m a d e with high electrical properties and "«with a. p e r m a n e n t finish, which is difficult to duplicate b y t h e use oif paints and varnishes. A t first this work was confined t o small pieces molded u n d e r h e a t a n d pressure, b u t with, the development of a laminating process, b y which large p a n e l s of t h i s material can b e m a d e , t h e uses h a v e expanded into building s.nd furniture trades. D u r i n g the past year t h e use of laminated stock for hotel paneling, desk tops, radio panels, window decorataon, a n d similar work h a s been quite common a n d on t h e increase— Refrigerator manufacturers h a v e been particularly anxious, a n d have been working for t h e last t h r e e or four years t o obtain a p r o d u c t of t h i s t y p e because of the desirable qualities of laminated board. The use of these m a t e r i a l s , however, was limited, s . s they were n o t satisfactory w h e n b r o u g h t into close proximity to foodstufTs, because of t h e slight residual traces of p h e n o l o d o r which were readily a b s o r b e d b y a l m o s t any t y p e of fatty p r o d u c t , such a s butter. T h e n e w odorless Durez varnish of General Plastics, Inc., h a s contributed t o t h e solution of this proble-m a n d t h e use of lami n a t e d board is n o w possible for nnanufa-cturers of refrigerators a n d w o r k of similar nature. This varnish is made t o a definite viscosity which is sufficiently liigha to insure uniform coverage, a n d yet low enough to guarantees thorough penetration. T h e viscosity range is held within very «close l i m i t s , as is the available resin content. T h e laminators cam thus "be assured of a uniform consistently working productFiller sheets are impregnated affter the usual manner, dipping the p a p e r in t h e varnish a n d heat-treating it t o d r y off t h e sol v e n t a n d advance t h e resin t o a pc*»int wri-ere i t can b e molded t o best a d v a n t a g e . T h e h e a t t r e a t m e n t is generally done a t a b o u t 250 ° F., either in a tower or a contimuous t u n n e l operation. T h e treated paper, when pressed undesr standard conditions, should h a v e t h e resin so far a d v a n c e d thaft less t h a n 1 per cent of i t will squeeze o u t during t h e pressing operation. _
Non-Resident Lectureship appointments at Cornell T h e following have accepted ^appointment to the George Fisher Baker Non-Resident Lectur-eship i n Chemistry a t Cornell University for the n e x t four years: First term, 1930-31—G. Hevesy, UniversSty of Freiburg, GermanySecond term, 1930-31—N. V. Sidgwick, Lincoln College, Oxford, England. First term, 1931-32—W. L. Bragg, Uiiivesrsity of ^Manchester, England. Second term, 1931-32—Alfred Stock, Technisclxe Hochschule, Karlsruhe, Germany. First term, 1932-33—Cecil H. Desch, SlieS&eld, England. Second term, 1932-33—Otto Hahn, Katserr ΛνίΙΙιεΙπι Institut fur Chemie, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany. First term, 1933-34—V. M. Goldschinidfc:, Gôttingen, Germany. Second term, 1933-34—Robert Ro"binson„. Oxfor
