COLLEGE CHEMSTRY IN NURSING EDUCATION Edna C. Morse, Assistant Professorof Home Economics, Teachers College, Columbia University. The Macmillan Company, New York, 1947. xii 260 pp. 13 X 20 cm. $4.
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has had nearly ten years' experience teaching student nurses both in college and in nursingschoolchemistry courses. In conclusion, the reviewer would like to recommend this book to all chemistry teachers who have student nurses in their classes. They will find its subject matter useful. Moreover, the book should find a place on the desk of any administrator who is concerned with curriculum planning for student nurses either in college or nursing school because the author summarizes in an unbiased fashion the needs of the students and the facilities available for their satisfaction.
Tars BOOK examines a problem which faces all college teachers of general chemistry. I t deals with the ability of the course to satisfy the needs of a particular vocational group, in this Case prenursing school students. However, there are useful implicbtions here for other groups because the author discusses such general topics as "the liberal arts tradition versus vocational interests" HELEN I. MINER and "the attitude toward the vocational course" in college. The WATNEUNZVERS~R book should also have value for those engaged in planning preDmmm, Mzoaro*~ nursing college program, as pointed out in the preface by Isabel Stewart, Professor of Nursing Education in Teachers College, Columbia University. 0 MANUAL OF QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS After careful consideration (89 pages) of both the needs of student nurses and the material offered i n the general college Donald R. Clippinger, Professor of Analytical Chemistry, Ohio 339 pp. chemistry course, the author concludes on pages 87-88 that "the University. Ginn and Company, Boston, 1947. v i 38 figs. 11 tablea. 20 X 26.5 cm. $3.50. conventional course in colleee chemistrv. even at,it,s heat mer .... 3 n--oniy part way toward meeting the requirements of the student in loose-leaf manual not only the Tms nursing.. .. It will provide the necessary foundation in organic or in physiological chemistry, and some of the contents of conventional material found in an elementary textbook of quautitative analysis but also directions and model report blanks for general will need to be strengthened, Moreover, the 59 experiments. Some of the older time-consuming experiments responsibility for helping the student to acquire insight into the functioning of chemistry in the professionel situation, and for have been eliminated but the substitutes make up for them. For example, there are procedures for colorimetric, electrophotointegrating this academic material in the new setting, rests with metric, electrometric determination of pH (using hydrogen, the school of nursing." This designation of responsibility is analyses, important in the opinion of the reviewer and should be kept in quinhydrone, and glass electrodes) and complete for a ~h~ theoretical part is well done and mind when planning programs for all vocational groups. book of this type. My only criticism would be that there should The last half of the book outlines, with detail sufficient to be be more problem involving numerical answer-and an index. a lLsefulto course for the school of nursing which is to follow the in$roductory college chemistry course. 6. B. ARENSON The author's wealth of teaching experience shows clearly here. 1884 L m x m Cmron Boar.nvano Homrwoon 48. C ~ ~ m o a r r u She makes a point on page 111which is applicablein all vocational fields. namely. the sueeestion that the teachers of ehemistrv. anatomy andphysiology, and biology should study together a; FUNDAMENTALS OF PHOTOGRAPHIC THEORY group and "work out serviceable sequences and correlstions." Such integration has been neglected too frequently in all phases of Thomas H.James, Research Chemist, and George C. Higgins, our science teaching. Research Physicist, Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, New York. The course outlined by Miss Morse is of the length usually pre- John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1948. vii 286 pp. sented in nursing schools (6040 hours). It consists of eleven 106 figs. 9 tables. 14.5 X 22 cm. $3.50. ' units, approximately two-thirds of which deals with organic As TBE title states, this is a treatment of the fuudlunental chemistry and biochemistry. The biochemical topics stress the chemistrv of the normal individual. leavine a consideration of theow. of ~hotoeraohv. . - . - The historic side is scarcelv mentioned. pathologk conditions to other ~ o u r & ~~. L c unit h is considered The references, many of them recent, extend the presentation but with respect to (1)itsobjectives, (2) an "overview," (3) an outline donot pretend to make a complete bibliography. Each reference of content, (4) suggested development, (5) suggestions for study list starts with: Mees, "The Theory of the Photographic Procand discussion, and (6) references. These reading references are ess." In the preface the authors say: "The very existence of well chosen on the basis of availability to the studeut and are of the book owes much to the encouragement and advice of Dr. recent date. Certain ones of more advanced character are desig- C. E. K. Mees." Aid from other associates a t Rochester is fully nated for the use of the instructor. .The suggestionsfor study and acknowledged. The seven pages of Chapter I outline the essential steps of black discussion seem to be very worth while. They include specific applications which should be helpful not only to instructo~sof and white photography. Terminology is presented under the such a course as is presented here, but also to all chemistry headings, Light-Sensitive Material, Latent Image, Development, teachers of nursing school students who are either in their pre- Fog, Fixing, Negative and Positive, the Characteristic (H&D) Curve, Density and Gamma. clinical or clinical years. The following chapters enlarge on these various topics in a Thestudy of "theimportant classesof organiccompounds" was arrsnged with the realization of the value to the studeut of acquir- detailed, clear, and thorough manner. The authors assume that ing "an understanding of group relationshipa and significant their readers will have, "a basic knowledge of physics and physical group behavior," as stated on page 129. The section on cyclic chemistry." They use the vocabulary of these fields. Readers and heterocyclic compounds stresses "pointing out chemical rela- of the JOURNAL OF CAEMCAL EDUCATION should feel a t home tionships and the frequency with which common group action is with their style. Organic structural formulas'and equations are associated with common structural festures," m noted on page used freely. Threg chapters deal with various phases of the theory of 157. This approach seems very practical to the reviewer who ' 359
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JOURNALO F CHEMICAL EDUCATION development and three others are devoted to sensitometry. One chapter discusses the structure of the developed photographic image, granularity, resolving power, and related topics. There is also a short chapter an sensitizing and desensitizing dyes. One page is given to dye coupler development but color photography is not included in the book. Neither is there sny discussion of reduction, intensification, or toning. This is not a book for light reading but it is well written, interesting, and rewarding. Briefly and clearly it presents the theory of black and white photography in about one-fourth the space used by Mees and bridges the internal since the larger book was published. JAMES C. MCCULLOUGH O s s n ~ mC o m ~ o n O s m m ~ 0x10 ,
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VEILIGHEID EN CHEMIE (Safety end Chemistry)
Ir. H. A. 1. Pieters, Director of the Central Laboratories of the
State Mines in Limburg (Holland). Published by the Safety Council of the State Mines, Heerlen, 1947. vi 306 pp. 41 figs. 35 tables. 14 X 22 cm. Paper-bound.
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Tms handy volume of directions for promoting safety in chemical laboratories is the revised and enlarged edition of a safety booklet issued in 1942 by the Dutoh State Mines and sold a t cost to the personnel of chemical and industrial labortttories. The subject matter is discussed in five chapters under the headings: (1) Hseards in Dealing with Glass, Gases and Inflammable or Explosive Materials, (2) Physiological and Toxicological Dsta on the Inorganic and Organic Substtanma Most Frequently Met in Chemical Laboratories, (3) Safety Appliances, (4) Directions for Promoting Safety in Handling Apparatus and Chemicals, and (5) Determination of Minute Quantities of Toxic Gases and of Dust Particles in Air. The treatment is thorough and detailed and includes recent improvements in experimental technique. The literature references at the end of each chapter cover the field thmugh 1947 and the tables a t the end of the book supplement the &ta in the text. Additional useful items are "the care and treatment of platinum ware" and alist of safety slogans (some of them in the original version), culled from the "National Safety News" for 1947. One might wish that the author had included a few striking "Safety posters," such as have been issued in this country, to teech proper respect for the hazards of chemicals. This omission, however, does not detract from the merits of this up-to-date voliume which deserves a wide circulation. H. 8. RnnsseGmn PormmEcanlc I ~ m r r u m T a w . NEWYon=
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KLOOSTER
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THE TECHNOLOGY OF ADHESIVES John Delmonte, Technical Director, Plastics Industries, Technical Institute, Los Angeles, California. Reinhold Publishing Cop., New Y o 4 1947. 516 pp. 79 figs. 100 tables. 15 X 22 cm. $8.
INTHE light of other publications on adhesives in the past twenty yeam, this book is very superior and the author is to be commended upon it. Not only does it cover the almost innumerable new synthetic adhesives that have appeared to take a large fraction of the field but its stvle is flowine: - and easv, .. with claritv of expression. The opening chapter gives an introduction to the subject of adhesion, with classification of adhesives. Following this there are wellwritten ctiapters on phenolic resins, urea and melamine resins, other thermosetting resins, polyvinyl resins and polystyrene and acrylic resins, with emphasis upon their use ag adhesives. In these several chapters much attention has been given to the synthesis of the resins under discussion, and the hook can be regarded as a good introduction to the chemistry of synthetic res-
ins and plastics. Perhaps there has been more space devoted to synthesis of these adhesives than is justi6ed in view of the good reference books available on the subject. Further chapters deal with rubber adhesives, adhesives from cellulose. from rotei ins and from other natural sources. While ~~~~. t l w trca1n1mt is noncritical, copious n.fcrmrrs are givrr. at the rnddof thc ehnptcrs which make thid book aqdvndid hildiographic sourrr. It is to be hoped tlat sonwlirnr a truly critical rrvien of t l e many patentsand litcrnturcclairr~ssill b v m c avallxl,le. .\ wry wrlron~ccl.aptcr oi thirty paw9 un t h r o n ~ irfadhtsivc s arrion is included. I:ndoul~tcJly o w of the wcakesr aqwcts of thc sul,jtrt oi ndlk~ivcsid the throrrticsl barkrrou~~d, and the reviewer feels that even more emphasis could hive heen placed on theory to advantage. One hundred and twenty pages follow on adhesives for wood, plastics, rubber, paper, etc., giving general considerations sometimeslackingindetail that one would need for the solutionof specifieproblems. For example, it is mentioned that different woods vary widely in their ease of gluing, but no mention is made of which woods glue easily and which poorly. On this account, the book cannot be regarded as of maximumvalue to theshopman. The final chapter gives details on tests and specifications for adhesives. 'l'ypography and qunlity of illusuationa urc p o d . Curnpnrstiwly f e r r rypograpl.ical crrurs 1m.c bccrr fw1111nnd 0111y a very occnriod rnislnrcrprctnrion of fa% In gcrreml, rhc hook ran he highly recommended. ~~
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NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS
!L. Snoek, Philips Gloeilampen Fabrieken, Eindhoven-Holland. Elsevier Publishing Co., New Yo*, 1947. viii + 136 pp. 15 X 21 cm. 13 tables. 52 figs. $2.50.
T m s s d booklet is nineteenth in a series of Monopaphs on the Prooress of Research in Holland Durino the War. ouhlifihed t,n "show tllr world thsc scientists in t l NctLerlmJs ~ haw n rnnined arrive during the irvc years of Gcrma~rw:ru~~nrion." In tl,c introduction, the aurhor admits the limited swpe uf rlw book nnd points out that "it is intended as a report on our researches during the wax under conditions which beeame gradually harder and in an atmosphere ill suited to the development of scientific thought." I t is primarily addressed to physicists interested in the theory of ferromagnetic hysteresis. Chemists will, nevertheless, lind much of interest in the third and final chapter an, "Development of Magnetic Materials," which deals particulrtrly with ferromagnetic nonmetals, especially those that may be considered analogous of magnetite (Fea03. These are given the type name of "ferroxcubes" with the general formula, MO.FelOs where M = Mg, Zn, Cu, Ni, Fe, Go, and Mn. They have a cubic structure and form continuous series of solid solutions. While showing lower saturation values than ferromagnetic metals, they have the advantage of being virtually nonconductors and show low hysteresis and very low eddy-current losses a t high frequencies. "Numerous applications of these magnetic oxides are possible in radio land telephony." To produce these interesting materials, powder metallurgy or ceramic techniques are employed. The most favorable high frequency properties are observed when the products contain no oxygen deficiency and have a dense structure; these properties are attained under conditions of sinterine that insure eomolete reartian hrtwlrm wlid cwnponcntsat lowcit possible tempernturcs. 'Chr n.ork desrrihcd in Chaptcr 3 would w n c ahirrrhlg ns a topic for a srminxr irr 'ulvanvcd iuorganic clrcnlistr.~.
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LAURENCE S. FOSTER Wmemowr* A ~ ~ E N A L W a ~ s n ~ o wM n ,~ s s * c m n s ~ ~ ~ s
