chemical biosensors. Here lies the means to tailor the electrode surface to meet the needs of the system in ques tion, whether it is chemical or biochem ical in nature. This greatly increases the range of materials that may be con sidered for incorporation in the sensors of tomorrow. The major markets for biosensors generally are the clinical and health care fields. There is increasing interest in producing analytical devices that can function in the doctor's office or that can be used in a self-testing capac ity at home. Goals such as these will stretch the irlgenuity of researchers as they strive to demonstrate biosensors with greater sensitivity, specificity, re producibility, and reliability than ever before. Biosensor design is destined to be an exciting and highly competitive branch of analytical biotechnology in the years to come.
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(22) Kobos, R. K. Trends in Anal. Chem. 1983,2,154-57. (23) Corcoran, C. Α.; Rechnitz, G. A. Trends in Biotechnol. 1985,3, 92-96. (24) Scheller, F. W.; Schubert, F.; Renneberg, R.; Muller, H-G.; Janchen, M.; Weise, H. Biosensors 1985, 7, 135-60. (25) Renneberg, R.; Scheller, F.; Riedel, K.; Litschko E.; Richter, M. Anal. Lett. 1983, 76(B12), 877-90. (26) Cardosi, M. F.; Stanley, C. J.; Turner, A.P.F. Proceedings of the 2nd Interna tional Meeting on Chemical Sensors, Bor deaux, France, 1986. (27) Schubert, F.; Kirstein, D.; Schroder, K. L.; Scheller, F. W. Anal. Chim. Acta 1985 169 391-96 (28) Schubert, F.; Kirstein, D.; Scheller, F., Appelquist, R.; Gorton, L.; Johansson, G. Anal. Lett. 1986,19, 1273-88. (29) Ikariyama Y.; Furuki, M.; Aizawa, M. Anal. Chem. 1985,57, 496-500. (30) Blaedel, W. J.; Boguslaski, R. C. Anal. Chem. 1978,50, 1026-32. (31) Wightman, R. M. Anal. Chem. 1981, 53,1125A-34A. (32) Faulkner, L. R. Chem. Eng. News 1984,62, 28-45.
Jane E. Frew received a B.Sc. (1978) and a Ph.D. (1981) in chemistry from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Following postdoctor al work in the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford, she joined the re search team of Genetics International (UK), Inc. in 1986. Her interests in clude bioelectrochemistry and its ap plication in analysis, electrochemical immunoassay, and structure-function relationships in peroxidase and catalase enzymes.
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944 A · ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 59, NO. 15, AUGUST 1, 1987
H. Allen O. Hill received a B.Sc. (1959) and a Ph.D. (1962) from Queen's Uni versity, Belfast, Northern Ireland. In 1965 he was elected a Fellow of the Queen's College, Oxford, and a Lectur er in Inorganic Chemistry. He received a D.Sc. in 1985. He has done research on oxygen utilization during phagocy tosis and the nuclear magnetic reso nance spectrometry of metalloproteins. Since 1976 he has been explor ing electron transfer to proteins by electrochemical methods, which has led to his work on sensors.
