Research Article pubs.acs.org/journal/ascecg
Cite This: ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2017, 5, 10580-10587
LiCrTiO4 Nanowires with the (111) Peak Evolution during Cycling for High-Performance Lithium Ion Battery Anodes Minghe Luo,† Haoxiang Yu,† Xing Cheng, Haojie Zhu, Wuquan Ye, Lei Yan, Shangshu Qian, Miao Shui, and Jie Shu* Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People’s Republic of China
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S Supporting Information *
ABSTRACT: LiCrTiO4 is a lithium insertion material that is isostructural with Li4Ti5O12. Upon modification of its morphology, LiCrTiO4 nanowires exhibit a high charge capacity of 154.6 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1, and this value can be maintained at 121.0 mA h g−1 even at a high current density of 700 mA g−1. Furthermore, the cycling performance shows that LiCrTiO4 nanowires can also deliver a reversible capacity of 120.0 mA h g−1 with 95.6% capacity retention of the first cycle after 550 cycles. The excellent electrochemical properties were revalidated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The most interesting feature in this work is the relationship between the periodic variation of the (111) peak intensities and the migration of lithium ions during cycling. This proves that LiCrTiO4 nanowires are a zero-strain insertion material that can be a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries. KEYWORDS: Lithium chromium titanate, Nanowires, Electrospun, Structural evolution, In situ X-ray diffraction, Lithium ion batteries
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INTRODUCTION Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in a diverse range of applications from cell phones to electric vehicles since the first commercialization by Sony in the 1990s.1−5 A lithium ion battery mainly comprises a positive electrode, a separator, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte. Therefore, anode materials with high performance have a positive influence on the further application of LIBs in electrochemical energy storage devices and systems. Among various anode materials, graphite is a traditional anode material in commercial LIBs. It exhibits excellent electrochemical properties with a low operating potential (
