NEWS
New Advisory Board Members Appointed Five new members have been selected to serve three-year terms on ANALYTICAL C H E M I S T R Y ' S Advisory Board. Each January, membership on the board is rotated as new appointees replace those members whose terms have expired. New members of the board are William Hancock, Genentech, Inc.; Alan Marshall, The Ohio State University; John Rabolt, IBM Almaden Research Laboratory; Debra Rolison, Naval Research Laboratory; and Shigeru Terabe, Kyoto University (Japan). Leaving the board are Peter Griffiths, University of Idaho; Nobuhiko Ishibashi, Kyushu University (Japan); Mary Kaiser, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.; David Nelson, Office of Naval Research; and Andrew Zander, Varian Research Center. Continuing to serve on the board are Bernard Bulkin, BP America; Michael Epstein, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Renaat Gijbels, University of Antwerp (Belgium); Thomas Isenhour, Kansas State University; James Jorgenson, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Peter Jurs, The Pennsylvania State University; Lawrence Pachla, Sterling Drug Co.; Ralph Sturgeon, National Research Council of Canada; George Wilson, University of Kansas; Mary Wirth, University of Delaware; and Richard Zare, Stanford University. In addition, the past chairman of the ACS Division of Analytical Chemistry, Sam Perone of San Jose State University, continues to serve as the 1990 ex officio member. Established in the 1940s to advise the J O U R N A L ' S editors, the advisory board meets formally once a year at ACS headquarters in Washington, DC. The board members are a vital link between the editors and the analytical community, providing guidance and advice throughout the year with regard to editorial content and policy. Brief biographical sketches of the new members follow.
book of HPLC for the Separation of Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins.
William Hancock received a B.Sc. degree (1967) and a Ph.D. (1970) from Adelaide University (South Australia) and is currently head of the analytical chemistry department at Genentech. His work involves the separation and structural analysis of recombinant DNA-derived proteins and the application of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of polypeptides. Along with J. T. Sparrow, Hancock co-authored A Laboratory Manual for the Isolation of Biological Materials by HPLC and edited HPLC in Biotechnology as well as two volumes of the CRC Hand-
Debra Rolison received a B.S. degree (1975) from Florida Atlantic University and a Ph.D. (1980) from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, under the guidance of Royce Murray. As a research chemist at the Surface Chemistry Branch of the Naval Research Laboratory, she is studying the interaction between zeolites and nanometer-size supported metals for use as ultramicroelectrodes. She is also interested in the use of extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) to explore small-particle environments in the presence and absence of electric fields.
Alan Marshall, professor of chemistry and biochemistry and director of the Campus Chemical Instrument Center at The Ohio State University (OSU), received a B.A. degree (1965) from Northwestern University and a Ph.D. (1970) from Stanford University under the direction of John Baldeschwieler. His research centers around method development and the application of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. A fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Marshall is the 1988 recipient of the OSU Distinguished Scholar Award. John Rabolt, of the Polymer Science Department at IBM's Almaden Research Laboratory, studies the characterization of solid-state polymer structure, morphology, and orientation using Fourier transform IR and Raman spectroscopies. In addition, his research spans the areas of LangmuirBlodgett films, polymer complexes, integrated optics, and interfacial interactions. Rabolt received a B.S. degree (1970) from the State University of New York College at Oneonta and a Ph.D. in physics (1974) from Southern Illinois University. He is a fellow and chairman of the American Physical Society Division of High Polymer Physics and recipient of the 1985 Coblentz Award and the 1990 Williams-Wright Award.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 62, NO. 1, JANUARY 1, 1990 · 15 A
NEWS
Summer Analytical Research Program Procter & Gamble has announced t h a t it will again sponsor a S u m m e r Analytical Research Program for graduating college seniors majoring in chemistry. S t u d e n t s accepted in the program will work full time for 10-12 weeks in an analytical research laboratory a t one of four corporate technical centers in Cincinnati. Applicants m u s t be U.S. citizens or p e r m a n e n t residents who are in their senior year and plan to enter graduate school as P h . D . candidates in analytical chemistry. Deadline for applications is March 1. For more information, write to Coordinator, S u m m e r Analytical Research P r o gram, Procter & Gamble, Miami Valley Laboratories, Room 1D42, Cincinnati, O H 45247.
Lyme Disease Test T h e polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which has become a powerful tool in genetic testing a n d basic research, could also aid in the diagnosis of tick-borne Lyme disease. P a t r i cia Rosa and T o m Schwan, researchers at t h e National Institute of Allergy a n d Infectious Disease's Rocky Mountains Laboratory in Hamilton, M T , have developed a P C R based test t h a t can detect as few as five of t h e spiralshaped bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi, t h a t causes t h e disease. Lyme disease is now t h e most commonly reported art h r o p o d - t r a n s m i t t e d infection in the United States. (In 1988 t h e r e were more t h a n 4500 cases.) P r o m p t t r e a t m e n t with antibiotics usually eliminates the infection. Otherwise, chronic arthritic, neurologic, or cardiac symptoms could develop. Lyme disease is commonly diagnosed by the appearance of characteristic symptoms a n d from p a t i e n t history. However, u p t o 40% of infected individuals never develop the telltale skin rash, and about half do not recall being bitten by a tick. Tests for antibodies to B. burgdorferi can also identify the disease. Unfortunately, it can take u p to six m o n t h s following infection for these antibodies to reach levels high enough t o detect, and antibodies to other bacteria can cross-react, yielding false positive results. On t h e other hand, B. burgdorferi collected in different geographic areas and from a range of hosts—including ticks, rodents, a n d h u m a n s — h a s been detected in low concentrations by P C R . T h e test could become a s t a n d a r d clinical test when researchers identify which h u m a n tissue(s) harbor t h e disease, thereby avoiding false negative results. P C R targets a DNA sequence distinctive to t h e bacterium, then copies t h e sequence. Repeated cycles quickly generate enough material for analysis.
New Process for Smokestack Scrubbers Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) researchers have developed what could be a n economical a n d efficient process for scrubbing S 0 2 a n d NO* from smokestake emissions. Decreasing the o u t p u t of these pollutants could ease the problem of acid rain and lung-damaging ozone in the lower atmosphere. T h e L B L process, discovered by a research t e a m led by chemist Shih-Ger Chang, removes 90% of SO2 a n d u p to 100% of NO*. T h e best system currently used, in some power plants in J a p a n and Europe, removes u p to 90% of these pollutants. However, t h a t process is expensive and, unlike t h e L B L method, requires separate systems for SO2 and NO,. T h e Chang process modifies t h e s t a n d a r d limestone slurry scrubber by adding yellow phosphorus, seen glowing in t h e reactor in t h e accompanying photograph. Limestone removes SO2, whereas the yellow phosphorus eliminates NO*. Byproducts of t h e L B L t r e a t m e n t include commercially valuable products such as phosphoric acid, a m m o n i u m phosphate, a n d gypsum. On t h e other hand, t h e high-efficiency scrubbers in J a p a n a n d E u r o p e remove NO* by selective catalytic reduction, which reduces t h e oxides t o ammonia a t high temperatures. Costs for selective catalytic reduction run as low as around $2100 per ton of NO* eliminated. In comparison, the L B L process is estimated to cost as little as $1300 per ton each of NO* a n d S 0 2 removed. A typical 500-MW fossil fuel p l a n t discharges 300-400 tons of S 0 2 and N O x daily. T e s t s of a scaled-up version of the new scrubber process are now under way.
COURTESY OF LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY
S h i g e r u T e r a b e received B . Eng. (1963), M. Eng. (1965), a n d D. Eng. (1973) degrees from Kyoto University. From 1965 to 1978, he was employed by t h e Shionogi Research Laboratory in J a p a n . Currently T e r a b e is a n associate professor of industrial chemistry a t Kyoto University where his research interests include capillary electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and open-tubular capillary liquid chromatography. On April 1, T e r a b e will join t h e faculty a t t h e Himeji Instit u t e of Technology as a professor of chemistry.
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory chemist Shih-Ger Chang tabulates results in his laboratory during a run of a new power plant emissions treatment system invented by his research team. The glowing glass cylinder behind Chang is the heart of the system, a scrubber capable of removing both sulfur dioxide and the oxides of nitrogen from emissions. Phosphorus, an agent used in the process, causes the glowing effect.
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