June, 1912
1
T H E ]O6RaYA4LOF I:VDUiSTRIa.1L i l S D ESGI.\-EERI.\-G
CHEJIISTRE'.
475
RECENT INVENTIONS Reported by C. L. Parker, Solicitor of Chemical Patents, McGill Building. Washington, D. C.
PROCESS O F WELDING METALS.
U. S. Patent No. 1,021,318, to Anton Mucas, of New York, N. Y. Assignor to Goldschmidt Thermit Company, of New York, N. Y. This is a process of uniting two metals (one of which is solid) by the action of cast metal. The feature ivhich distinguishes the process from other processes of uniting metals by the action of molten cast metal upon one or inore solid pieces of metal is the employment in conjunction Ij-ith ordinary molten metal of thermit and the superheatetl molten' metal resulting from the thermit reaction for
& ? .2
stitueiits of the gas mixture are liquefied and collected in the vessel 13. The liqueficd portion flows out of this vessel through the expansion mechanism D into the interchanger C. evaporatcs and thereby removes heat from the compressed gas mixture floiving through the apparatus. The products of this evaporaE -! 7 . ~ tion, e . g., carbon monoxid, escape a t E, after an interchange of temperature with that of the compressed gas mixture passing through the apparatus and can be applied in any manner desired. The portion of the gas mixture n-hich is not liquid (hydrogen and the remaining constituents) after pnssing through the expansion mechthe anism F flows through temperature interchanger C in an opposite direction to that of the compressed gas mixture and escapes out of the apparatus a t G a t normal temperature. APPARATUS FOR MELTING AND MIXING METALS I N
raising t h e temperature of such molten cast metal sufficiently to cause the melting of the solid metal or metals acted upon and thc cunsequent union of all three kinds of metal into a substantiall!- homogeneous body metal. The illustration shows the application of the process to the melding of the railroad rails, the ends of the rails to be joined being placed in a mold, 3, and the thermit mixture 5 , consisting of oxid o f iron and finely dlyided aluminum, being held in position on each side of the joint by rods. TREATMENT ON METALS. U. S. Patent No. 1,019,965,to William H. Kelly, of Los Angeles, Calif or n ia. This 13 a process of effecting the purification of molten metals from sulfur phosphorus and other like impurities by subjecting them to the action of partly dissociated steam, such steam containing nascent hydrogen and nascent oxygen The steam is produced in the boiler I, shown in the accompanying illustration, and partly dissociated in the retort z from which it is conducted to the nozzle 9 immersed in the molten metal.
I
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN FROM GAS MIXTURES CONTAINING HYDROGEN. U. S. Patent No. I , O Z O , I O Z , t o Carl von Linde, of Miinich, Germany. I n the use of the apparatus illustrated the compression gas mixture enters a t A after it has been previously freed from such constituents or impurities which can bring about stoppages in the liquefying apparatus, e. g , carbonic acid and sulfur compounds In its passage through the apparatus to the vessel B, the gab mixture reduced in temperature to such a degree in the temperature-interchanger C, that the greater part of the con
VACUUMS. U. S. Patent No.
Wm. Speirs Simpson, of London, England.
1,015,091,to
This invention relates to apparatus for melting and mixing metals in z'acz~oof the kind in which electrical heat is used for melting the metals, and the object is to construct an improved apparatus for removing volatilizable impurities from certain easily oxidizable metals, such as aluminium, magnesium, calcium and the like with which it is desirable for forming useful alloys; the hitherto unavoidable oxidation of these metals while in a molten state is prevented and effective mixing and alloying under the most favorable conditions is accomplished; the result affords a purified metal or alloy of uniformly superior quality and strength. The invention is carried out in a receptacle or chamber of suitable size and dimensions wherein a comparatively high vacuum may be created and maintained by means of a vacuum pump in any convenient manner. Inside the chamber is placed a,crucible made of refractory or carbonaceous material for containing the metals to be treated: these are heated by means '\of an electric current applied to the , I - . top and bottom of the crucible. The apparatus consists of a vacuum chamber with a body portion having trunnions for, mounting it tiltably; a cover removably applied to its upper end and adapted to form a fluidtight connection; a crucible contained within and carried by the body portion; a n interior chamber to contain a charge t o be treated and having its mouth arranged toward the top of the body portion; means for conducting a heating medium to the crucible through the trunnious of t h e tiltably mounted body portion.
/y& ~
