Publications of A. W. Castleman, Jr. - The Journal of Physical

Special Issue Preface pubs.acs.org/JPCA

Publications of A. W. Castleman, Jr. 1. “Diffusion of Xenon through Aluminum and Stainless Steel,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., F. E. Hoffmann and A. M. Eshaya, BNL 624 (T-190) (1960). 2. “Diffusion of Iodine through Aluminum,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., F. E. Hoffmann and A. M. Eshaya, BNL 644 (T205) (1960). 3. “Chemical Considerations in Reactor Safety: The Chemical Site of Fission Products Released from Uranium at High Temperatures,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 6, 128 (1963). 4. “The Chemical and Physical Behavior of Released Fission Products,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Third Conference on Nuclear Reactor Chemistry, Gatlinburg, TN, TID 7641, 155−168 (1963). 5. “Current Studies of Fission Product Behavior at BNL,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and F. J. Salzano, Proc. Eighth AEC Air Cleaning Conference, ORNL, TID 7677, 16−33 (1963). 6. “U. S. Experience and the Release and Transport of Fission Products within Containment Systems under Simulated Reactor Accident Conditions,” W. B. Cotrell, W. E. Browning, G. W. Parker, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. L. Junkins, Proc. Third International Conference on the Peacef ul Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, 13, 77−90 (1964). 7. “Chemical Considerations in Fast Reactor Safety,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, Proc. Conference Safety, Fuels, and Core Design in Large Fast Power Reactors, ANL7120, 848−854 (1965). 8. “Chemical State of Iodine Released from Irradiated Fuels into Steam,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., I. N. Tang and H. R. Munkelwitz, Proc. Int. Symposium Fission Product Release and Transport under Accident Conditions, CONF 650407 2, 1118−1130 (1965). 9. “Chemical Reactions and Transport Behavior of FissionProduct Iodine,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., I. N. Tang and H. R. Munkelwitz, Proc. Int. Symposium Fission Product Release and Transport under Accident Conditions, CONF 650407, 1, 325−343 (1965). 10. “Thermodynamics of Fission-Product Sodium Solutions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 10, 494 (1967). 11. “Vaporization of Fission Products from Irradiated FuelsI. Experimental Method and General FissionProduct Behavior,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, Nucl. Sci. Eng., 29, 159 (1967). 12. “Fission Product Behavior in Sodium Systems,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., I. N. Tang and R. A. Mackay, In Alkali Metal Coolants, IAEA, Vienna, pp 729−741 (1967). 13. “Fission Product Release Studies at Brookhaven National Laboratory,” a series of summaries which appears in the Nuclear Safety Journal. (a) A. W. Castleman, Jr., Nucl. Safety, 7, 252 (1965−1966); (b) A. W. Castleman, Jr., I. N. Tang, Off. L. Horn, H. R. Munkelwitz and C. H. Brewster, II., Ibid., 7, 402 (1966); (c) A. W. Castleman, Jr., I. N. Tang, F. L. Horn, H. R. Munkelwitz and C. H. © 2014 A. W. Castleman, Jr.

14. 15.

16.

17.

18. 19. 20. 21.

22. 23.

24.

Brewster, III., Ibid., 502 (1966); (d) A. W. Castleman, Jr., IV., Ibid., 8, 512 (1967); (e) A. W. Castleman, Jr., V., Ibid., 622 (1967); (f) A. W. Castleman, Jr., VI., Ibid., 9, 168 (1968); (g) A. W. Castleman, Jr., VII., Ibid., 425 (1968); (h) A. W. Castleman, Jr., VIII., Ibid., 529 (1968); (i) A. W. Castleman, Jr., IX., Ibid., 182 (1969); (j) A. W. Castleman, Jr., X., Ibid., 10, 351 (1969); (k) A. W. Castleman, Jr., XI., Ibid., 10, 545 (1969); (l) A. W. Castleman, Jr., XII., Ibid. 11, 166 (1970); (m) A. W. Castleman, Jr., XIII., Ibid., 11, 340 (1970). “On the Transport of Fission-Product Iodine from Molten Uranium,” I. N. Tang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 10, 720 (1967). “PuO2−UO2−Na Aerosols Produced by Vaporization of Fast Reactor Core Materials,” F. L. Horn and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Treatment of Airborne Radioactive Wastes, IAEA, Vienna, 1968, pp 93−115. “Fission Product Vaporization for Sodium Systems,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., and I. N. Tang, Proc. Int. Conference on Sodium Technology and Large Fast Reactor Design, Argonne National Laboratory, ANL-7420, I, 540−558 (1968). “The Chemical States of Fission-Product Iodine Emanating into a High Temperature Aqueous Environment,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., I. N. Tang and H. R. Munkelwitz, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 30, 5 (1968). “The Diffusion of Iodine in Uranium Monocarbide,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., and I. N. Tang, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 20, 494 (1967). “Radiation-Induced Decomposition of Methyl Iodide in Air,” I. N. Tang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 11, 76 (1968). “On the Initial Size Distribution of High Number Density Aerosols,” G. C. Lindauer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 12, 897 (1969). “Vaporization of Fission Products from Irradiated UraniumII. Some Observations on the Chemical Behavior of Fission Products Iodine and Cesium,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 32, 1057 (1970). “Consideration of the Mass Effect on Diffusion in the Liquid State,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., and J. J. Conti, Phys. Rev. A2, 1975 (1970). “A Summary of Recent Progress in Aerosol Research at Brookhaven National Laboratory,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Specialist Meeting on the Behavior of Nuclear Aerosols in Closed Systems, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 11−12, Nov. 1969, Karlsruhe, Germany, KFK1206, 13−27 (1970). “LMFBR Safety, I. Fission-Product Behavior in Sodium,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Nuclear Safety, 11 379 (1970).

Special Issue: A. W. Castleman, Jr. Festschrift Published: September 18, 2014 8025

dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049

The Journal of Physical Chemistry A

Special Issue Preface

42. “Contribution of Volcanic Sulfur Compounds to the Stratospheric Aerosol Layer,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., H. R. Munkelwitz and B. Manowitz, Nature, 244 345 (1973). 43. “Mechanisms of Aerosol Formation from SO2 and NO2,” W. P. Wood, A. W. Castleman, Jr., and I. N. Tang, J. Aerosol Sci., 6, 367 (1975). 44. “Clustering of H2O and NH3 about the Monovalent Bismuth Ion,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 19, 154 (1974). 45. “On the Molecular Properties of Atmospheric Ion Clusters and Their Relationship to Nucleation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, Proc. Fif th Int. Conference on Atmospheric Electricity, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, Sept. 2−7, 1974, 2975. 46. “Requisite Research in the Atmospheric Sciences: An Advisory Committee Report,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., S. Berry, J. G. Calvert, P. Crutzen, E. Ferguson, G. M. Hidy, F. P. Hudson and F. T. Smith, ERDA 76−75, June, 1975. 47. “Isotope and Concentration Measurements of Stratospheric Sulfate,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., H. R. Munkelwitz and B. Manowitz, Proc. International Conference on the Structure, Composition and General Circulation of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere and Possible Antropogenic Perturbations, Melbourne, Australia, Jan. 14−25, 1971, I, 119−127. 48. “Clustering about Atmospheric Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., I. N. Tang, W. P. Wood and H. R. Munkelwitz, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 54, 279 (1973). 49. “Chemical Reactions and Nucleation Processes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Stockholm Tropospheric Aerosol Seminar, University of Stockholm, August 1973, Report AP-14, 52−53. 50. “Isotopic Studies of the Sulfur Component of the Stratospheric Aerosol Layer,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Stockholm Tropospheric Aerosol Seminar, University of Stockholm, August 1973, Report AP-14, 51. 51. “Aerosol Chemistry,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Physics and Chemistry of Upper Atmospheres, (B. M. McCormac, Ed.), D. Reidel, pp 143−157 (1973). 52. “Kinetics of Association Reactions Pertaining to H2SO4 Aerosol Formation,” (with R. E. Davis, H. R. Munkelwitz, I. N. Tang and W. P. Wood), Int. J. Chem. Kinetics, Symposium No. 1, 629−640 (1975). 53. “The Mechanics of Surface and Nucleation Processes in the Upper Atmosphere,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 56, 1116 (1974). 54. “Mass Spectrometric Study of Gas-Phase Clustering Reactions: Hydration of the Monovalent Bismuth Ion,” I. N. Tang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 60, 3981 (1974). 55. “Nucleation Processes and Aerosol Chemistry, A. W. Castleman, Jr., Space Sci. Rev., 15, 547 (1974). 56. “Isotopic Studies of the Sulfur Component of the Stratospheric Aerosol Layer,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., H. R. Munkelwitz and B. Manowitz, Tellus, 26, 222 (1974). 57. “Heterogeneous Processes and the Chemistry of Aerosol Formation in the Upper Atmosphere” (with R. E. Davis, I. N. Tang and J. A. Bell), Proc. Fourth Conference on the Climatic Impact Assessment Program, Cambridge, MA, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC Feb. 4−7, 1975. 58. “Heterogeneous Processes and the Chemistry of Aerosol Formation in the Upper Atmosphere” (with R. E. Davis,

25. “Kinetics of γ-Induced Decomposition of Methyl Iodide in Air,” I. N. Tang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 74, 3933 (1970). 26. “The Importance of Gravitational Coagulation on the Settling of High-Mass Density-Aerosols,” G. C. Lindauer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Nucl. Sci. Eng., 42, 58 (1970). 27. “The Transport of Fission-Product Cesium from Sodium,” I. N. Tang, A. W. Castleman, Jr., and H. R. Munkelwitz, Adv. Chem. Ser., 93, 71 (1970). 28. “On the Behavior of Aerosols under Fast Reactor Accident Conditions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., F. L. Horn and G. C. Lindauer, Proc. Int. Congress Dif f usion of Fission Products, Saclay, France, Nov. 1969, Diffusion des Produits de Fission, 411−426 (1971). 29. “Rapporteur’s Summary of Session No. 4, Behavior and Trapping of Fission Products in Primary Reactor Circuits and in Confinement Vessels of Fast Neutron Reactors,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Int. Congress Dif fusion of Fission Products, Saclay, France, Nov. 1969, Diffusion des Produits de Fission, 503−519 (1971). 30. “Heavy Metal Ion Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, Nature, 234, 129 (1971); also see 234, 324 (1971). 31. “SO2−Metal Ion Clusters,” I. N. Tang, H. R. Munkelwitz and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Nature, 230, 175 (1971); also see 230, 431 (197l). 32. “Clustering of Sulfur Dioxide and Water Vapor about Oxonium and Nitric Oxide Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., I. N. Tang and H. R. Munkelwitz, Science, 173, 1025 (1971). 33. “Behavior of Aerosols Undergoing Brownian Coagulation and Gravitational Settling in Closed Systems,” G. C. Lindauer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Aerosol Sci., 2, 85 (1971). 34. “Initial Size Distributions of Aerosols,” G. C. Lindauer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Nucl. Sci. Eng., 43 212 (1971). 35. “Thermodynamic Properties of Solutions of Group IV Metals Dissolved in Liquid SodiumI. Sodium− Germanium Solutions,” P. Hubberstey and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Electrochem. Soc., 119, 963 (1972). 36. “Clustering about Ions: Bond Energies, Structure and Relationship to Embryo Formation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, Proc. Int. Workshop on Nucleation Theory and Its Application, Clark College, Atlanta, April 10−12, 1972, 173−179. 37. “Role of Small Clusters in Nucleation about Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, J. Chem. Phys., 57, 3629 (1972). 38. “Mass Spectrometric Study of the Gas-Phase Hydration of the Monovalent Lead Ion,” I. N. Tang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 57, 3638 (1972). 39. “Molecular Clustering about Gaseous Metal Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., Series II, 17, 392 (1972). 40. “The Contribution of Volcanic Sulfur Compounds to the Stratospheric Aerosol Layer,” H. R. Munkelwitz, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and B. Manowitz, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 53, 1064 (1972). 41. “Thermodynamic Properties of Solutions of Group IV Metals Dissolved in Liquid SodiumII. Sodium−Tin Solutions,” P. Hubberstey and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Electrochem. Soc., 119, 967 (1972). 8026



59. 60.

61.

62.

63.

64. 65.

66. 67.

68.

69.

70.

71. 72.

73.


I. N. Tang and J. A. Bell), Proc. Fourth Conference on the Climatic Impact Assessment Program, Cambridge, MA, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, Feb. 4−7, 1975. “Gas-Phase Solvation of the Ammonium Ion in Ammonia,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, J. Chem. Phys., 62, 4576 (1975). “Subpanel 2. Chemical and Physical Transformations,” (A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chairman, with R. Blaunstein, D. Davis, R. G. de Pena, W. H. Duewer J. P. Friend, C. S. Kiang, L. Newman, and K. Whitby), Proc. Chemist/ Meteorologist Workshop, ERDA-1217-75, 21−31 (1975). “The Stratosphere Perturbed by Propulsion Effluents,” (with G. M. Hidy, J. P. Friend and J. Huntzicker), Climatic Impact Assessment Program Monograph 3, Chap. 6, Aerosols from Engine Effluents, pp 6/1−6/42, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC (1975). “Role of Ions in Heteromolecular Nucleation,” Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. II. Aerosols, Emulsions, and Surfactants, (M. Kerker, Ed.), Academic Press, p 305 (1976). “Mass Spectrometric Study of Gas-Phase Clustering Reactions: Hydration of the Monovalent Strontium Ion,” (with M. S. Lian and I. N. Tang), J. Chem. Phys., 65, 4022 (1976). “Kinetics of the Association Reaction of SO2 with the Hydroxyl Radical,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and I. N. Tang, J. Photochem., 6, 349 (1976/1977). “Aerosols in the Atmosphere: Their Origin and Role in Heterogeneous Processes,” Atmospheric Aerosols: Their Optical Properties and Ef fects, pp MC1/1−MC1/2, NASACP-20004 (1976). “Relationship Between Ions, Nucleation and Aerosol Formation,” Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 57, 30 (1976). “Analytical Studies for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,” Vol. III, Research and Development in the Environmental Protection Agency Report of the Environmental Research Assessment Committee (John Neubold, Chairman, A. W. Castleman, Jr., et al.) Commission on Natural Resources, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, (1977). “Gas Phase Complexes: Considerations of the Stability of Clusters in the Sulfur Trioxide−Water System,” P. M. Holland and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 56, 511 (1978). “The Properties of Ion Clusters and Their Relationship to Heteromolecular Nucleation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. M. Holland and R. G. Keesee, J. Chem. Phys., 68, 1760 (1978). “The Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase. 2. Ammonia about Metal Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. M. Holland, D. M. Lindsay and K. I. Peterson, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 100, 6039−6045 (1978). “The Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase: Ammonia about Bi+, Rb+, K+,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 53, 560−564 (1978). “Studies of Ion Clusters: Relationship to Understanding Nucleation and Solvation Phenomena,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Kinetics of Ion Molecule Reactions, (P. Ausloos, Ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp 295−391 (1979). “Nucleation and Molecular Clustering about Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

74.

75.

76.

77.

78.

79.

80.

81.

82.

83.

84.

85.

8027

‘Nucleation’, (A. Zettlemoyer, Ed.), Elsevier Press, Oxford, England, pp 73−128 (1979). “A Reconsideration of Nucleation Phenomena in Light of Recent Findings Concerning the Properties of Small Clusters, and a Brief Review of Some Other Particle Growth Processes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Astrophys. Space Sci., 65, 337−349 (1979). “Statistical Mechanics of Nucleation and Early Stages of Aerosol Growth: Implications of Recent Experimental Findings,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Aerosol Sci., 10, 183− 185 (1979). “Atmospheric Negative Ion Hydration Derived from Laboratory Results and Comparison to Rocket-Borne Measurements in the Lower Ionosphere,” R. G. Keesee, N. Lee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Geophys. Res., 84, 3719−3722 (1979). “Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase. 3. Hydration Complexes of CO3− and HCO3−,” R. G. Keesee, N. Lee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 101, 2599− 2604 (1979). “Position Paper on Heterogeneous Reactions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In NASA Reference Publication, The Stratosphere: Present and Future, No. 1049, (R. D. Hudson and E. I. Reed, Eds.), Chap. 1, Laboratory Measurements, pp 1−64 (1979). “Studies of Atomic Molecular and Ion Clusters by Mass Spectrometric Techniques,” T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., DOE Conference on Mass Spectrometry, Seattle, December, 1979. “Properties of the Gas Phase Reactions of Na+ with CO2 and CO2−H2O,” K. I. Peterson, T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Vth Europhysics Sectional Conference on the Atomic and Molecular Physics of Ionized Gases (ESCAMPIG), Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, September 1−3, 1980. “The Formation and Properties of Ion Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. M. Holland, T. D. Märk, K. I. Peterson and R. G. Keesee, Proc. Vth Europhysics Sectional Conference on the Atomic and Molecular Physics of Ionized Gases (ESCAMPIG), Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, September 1−3, 1980. “Post Collision Interaction in the Electron Impact Ionization of Rare Gas Dimers,” T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Xth Summer School and Symposium on Physics of Ionized Gases (SPIG 80), Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, August 25−30, 1980. “Low Energy Electron Impact Ionization of Rare Gases: Compilation of Theoretical Results and Comparison with Experimental Data,” L. D. Pitchford, T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Xth Summer School and Symposium on Physics of Ionized Gases (SPIG 80), Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, August 25−30, 1980. “Electron Impact Ionization Studies of Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., T. D. Märk, B. D. Kay and K. I. Peterson, Proc. Xth Summer School and Symposium on Physics of Ionized Gases (SPIG 80), Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, August 25−30, 1980. “On the Correlation of Total and Partial Enthalpies of Ion Solvation and the Relationship to the Energy Barrier to Nucleation,” N. Lee, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Colloid Interface Sci., 75, 555 (1980). dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049



86. “A Model for the Formation and Stabilization of Charged Water Clathrates,” P. M. Holland and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 72, 5984−5990 (1980). 87. “Heats of Formation of SO2Cl− and (SO2)Cl−,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 102, 1446 (1980). 88. “The Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase. IV. Complexes of H2O and HNOx Clustering on NOx−,” N. Lee, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 72, 1089 (1980). 89. “Comment on the Interpretation of Repeller Curves Obtained with Nier Type Electron Impact Ion Sources,” T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 13, 1121−1124 (1980). 90. “Gas-Phase Complexes of Cu+ and Ag+ via Thermionic Emission Sources,” P. M. Holland and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 102, 6174 (1980). 91. “Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase. V. Complexes of Neutral Molecules onto Negative Ions,” R. G. Keesee, N. Lee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 73, 2195 (1980). 92. “Gas-Phase Studies of Hydration Complexes of Cl− and I− and Comparison to Electrostatic Calculations in the Gas Phase,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 74, 139−142 (1980). 93. “New Gas-Phase Inorganic Ion Cluster Species and Their Atmospheric Implications,” T. D. Märk, K. I. Peterson and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Nature, 285, 392 (1980). 94. “Single Ionization of Ammonia Clusters and Double Ionization of Heteronuclear Rare Gas Dimers,” T. D. Märk, K. I. Peterson and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Proc. 28th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, (W. L. Fite, Ed.), New York City, May 25−30, 1980, pp 251−252. 95. “Thermochemical Studies of Ion Clusters: Bond Energies and Relationship to Solvation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. M. Holland, T. D. Märk and K. I. Peterson, In Proc. 28th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, (W. L. Fite, Ed.), New York City, May 25−30, 1980, pp 68−69. 96. “Clustering of Water Vapor on Ions and Neutral Molecules,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Atmospheric Water Vapor, (A. Deepak, T. D. Wilkerson and L. H. Ruhnke, Eds.), Academic Press, pp 599−612 (1980). 97. “Studies of the Structure and Bonding of Inorganic Clusters,” K. I. Peterson, P. M. Holland, R. G. Keesee, N. Lee, T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Surf. Sci., 106, 136 (1981). 98. “Studies of Small Clusters: Relationship to Understanding Nucleation and Surfaces,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. M. Holland, B. D. Kay, R. G. Keesee, T. D. Märk, K. I. Peterson, F. J. Schelling and B. L. Upschulte, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 18, 586 (1981). 99. “Studies of Clusters about Metallic Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. M. Holland, D. M. Lindsay, T. D. Märk, K. I. Peterson, F. J. Schelling, R. J. Stanley, and B. L. Upschulte, Proc. American Society for Mass Spectrometry Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, May 25−30, 1981, pp 506− 507. 100. “Nucleation and Growth of Stratospheric Aerosols,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, In Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 9, Annual Reviews, Inc., Palo Alto, pp 227−249 (1981).

101. “Experimental Observations of New Inorganic Cluster Species in the Gas Phase, Their Atmospheric Implications,” K. I. Peterson, T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Symposium on Atomic and Surface Physics, (W. Lindinger, F. Howorka and F. Egger, Eds.), Salzburg, Austria, February 2−10, 1980, STUDIA, A-6020 Innsbruck, pp 284−289. 102. “Studies of Small Clusters: Their Formation and Properties,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., and T. D. Märk, In Proc. Symposium on Atomic and Surface Physics, (W. Lindinger, F. Howorka and F. Egger, Eds.), Salzburg, Austria, February 2−10, 1980, STUDIA, A-6020, Innsbruck, pp 290−298. 103. “Investigation of the Decomposition of Electron Impact Produced Molecular Cluster Ions,” J. H. Futrell, K. Stephan, A. W. Castleman, Jr., and T. D. Märk, Proc. Eighth International Symposium on Molecular Beams, Cannes, France, June 1−5, 1981, pp 262−265. 104. “Studies of Gas-Phase Clusters: The Solvation of HNO3 in Microscopic Aqueous Clusters,” B. D. Kay, V. Hermann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 80, 469−474 (1981). 105. “Studies of the Formation and Structure of Homomolecular and Heteromolecular Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., B. D. Kay, V. Hermann, P. M. Holland and T. D. Märk, Surf. Sci., 106, 179 (1981). 106. “Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Electron and Ion Swarms, Chapt. 3, (L. G. Christophorou, Ed.), Pergamon Press, pp 189− 201 (1981). 107. “A Reconsideration of the Theory of Capture Cross Sections for Ion/Molecule Reactions and a Total Energy and Angular Momentum Conserved Average Charge− Dipole Interaction Theory (TEAMS),” Eric Tsu-Yin Hsieh and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 40, 295 (1981). 108. “Structure and Stability of the Gas Phase Complex of SO2 with H2O,” P. M. Holland and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Photochem., 16, 347 (1981). 109. “Studies of Hydrogen-Bonded Clusters Formed in Molecular Beams and Their Application in Investigating Transitions from the Gas to the Condensed State,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., B. D. Kay, and V. Hermann, Proc. Eighth International Symposium on Molecular Beams, Cannes, France, June 1−5, 1981, pp 255−257. 110. “Ion Energetics Measurements of Neutral Clusters Formed in Supersonic Free Jet Expansion,” K. Stephan, J. H. Futrell, K. I. Peterson, A. W. Castleman, Jr., H. E. Wagner and T. D. Märk, Proc. Eighth International Symposium on Molecular Beams, Cannes, France, June 1− 5, 1981, pp 211−215. 111. “Mass Spectrometric Investigation of the Kinetics and Energetics of the Ionization of van der Waals Clusters,” J. H. Futrell, K. Stephan, T. D. Märk, K. I. Peterson, A. W. Castleman, Jr., and N. Djuric, Proc. 29th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Minneapolis, pp 150−151 (1981). 112. “The Thermochemical Properties of Gas-Phase Transition Metal Ion Complexes,” P. M. Holland and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 76, 4195−4205 (1982). 113. “Experimental Studies of Ion Clustering: Relationship to Aerosol Formation Processes and Some Atmospheric 8028



114.

115.

116.

117. 118.

119.

120.

121.

122. 123.

124.

125.

126.


Implications,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Aerosol Sci., 13, 73−85 (1982). “Neutral and Charged Clusters in the Atmosphere Their Importance and Potential Role in Heterogeneous Catalysis,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Heterogeneous Atmospheric Chemistry, (D. R. Schryer, Ed.), American Geophysical Union, Washington, pp 13−27 (1982). “Executive Summary, Conference on Multiphase Processes Including Heterogeneous Catalysis Relevant to Atmospheric Chemistry,” State University of New York at Albany, A. W. Castleman, Jr., S. Friedlander, H. Frisch, E. McLaren, V. A. Mohnen, T. Novakov, H. Reiss, R. Ragowski and J. H. Seinfeld, Atm. Environ., 15, 45 (1981). “The Chemical Kinetics of Aerosol Formation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., and R. G. Keesee, In The Stratospheric Aerosol Layer, Vol. 28, (R. C. Whitten, Ed.), SpringerVerlag, Berlin, pp 69−92 (1982). “Novel Corrosion-Resistant Supersonic Expansion Cluster Source,” B. D. Kay, T. G. Lindeman and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 53, 473−475 (1982). “Studies of Clusters in the Gas Phase and Application to an Understanding of Transitions from the Gaseous to the Surface and Condensed State,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., SASP ’82 Contributions, Maria Alm/Salzburg, pp 1−24 (1982). “Ion AssociatIon Processes and Ion Clustering: Elucidating Transitions from the Gaseous to the Condensed Phase,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. M. Holland and R. G. Keesee, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 20, 57−74 (1982). “Studies of the Energetics and Structures of Clusters of Molecules about Ions Utilizing Laser Photodissociation and High Pressure Mass Spectrometric Techniques,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. M. Holland, D. E. Hunton, R. G. Keesee, T. G. Lindeman, K. I. Peterson, F. J. Schelling and B. L. Upschulte, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 86, 866−869 (1982). “Evidence for the Existence of Structures in Gas-Phase Homomolecular Clusters of Water,” V. Hermann, B. D. Kay and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys., 72, 185−200 (1982). “The Thomson Equation Revisited in Light of Ion Clustering Experiments,” P. M. Holland and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 86, 4181−4188 (1982). “An Electron Impact Study of Ammonia Clusters in a Supersonic Molecular Beam: Appearance Potentials of NH 4 + , (N H 3 ) 2 + , (NH 3 ) 2 H + , ( NH 3 ) 3 H + and (NH2NH3)+,” K. Stephan, J. H. Futrell, K. I. Peterson, A W. Castleman, Jr., H. E. Wagner, N. Djuric and T. D. Märk, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 44, 167−181 (1982). “An Electron Impact Study of Carbon Dioxide Dimers in a Supersonic Molecular Beam: Appearance Potentials of (CO2)2+, (CO6CO2)+ and (Ar6CO2)+,” K. Stephan, J. H. Futrell, K. I. Peterson, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and T. D. Märk, J. Chem. Phys., 77, 2408−2415 (1982). “Studies of the Laser Photodissociation of CO3− and CO3−−Water Complexes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., D. E. Hunton, D. M. Lindsay and T. G. Lindeman, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 47, 199 (1983). “Some Considerations of the Dynamics of Ion Molecule Cluster Reactions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., E. Hsieh, B. L. Upschulte, F. J. Schelling, R. G. Keesee and P. M.

127.

128.

129. 130. 131.

132. 133.

134.

135.

136.

137.

138.

139.

140. 141.

8029

Holland, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 47, 191−194 (1983). “Energetics and Structure of Na+ Cluster Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., K. I. Peterson, B. L. Upschulte and F. J. Schelling, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 47, 203−206 (1983). “Experimental Studies of Ion Clustering and Their Atmospheric Implications,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Atmospheric Electricity (L. H. Ruhnke and J. Latham, Eds.), A. Deepak Publishing, pp 1−3 (1983). “Small Clusters: Aerosol Precursors,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 2, 145−152 (1983). “Unimolecular Dissociation of N4+,” K. Stephan, T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 78, 2953− 2955 (1983). “Ion Clusters: Summary of the Panel Discussion,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Ionic Processes in the Gas Phase, NATO ASI Series, Vol. 118, (M. A. Almoster Ferreira, Ed.), D. Reidel Publ. Co., pp 327−354 (1983). “Experimental Studies of Cluster Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and T. D. Märk, In Adv. Atomic Molecular Phys., 20, 65−172 (1984). “Photodissociation Dynamics of CO3− and Its Hydrates,” D. E. Hunton, M. Hofmann, T. G. Lindeman and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 3lst Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Boston, May, 1983, 486− 487. “Photoionization of Metal Clusters and Their Oxides and Chlorides,” A. W. Castleman, P. D. Dao, K. I. Peterson and R. W. Farley, Proc. 3lst Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Boston, May, 1983, 484− 485. “Properties of N4+,” T. D. Märk, K. Stephan, J. H. Futrell, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and H. Helm, Proc. 31st Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Boston, 1983, May, 482−483. “Studies of Small Clusters: Recent Advances in Understanding Nucleation Phenomena,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Edgewood Conference on Aerosols and Obscuration Science, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, June 21−25, 1983, pp 11−21. “Dynamics, Energetics and Structures of Weakly Bound Molecules: Elucidating Transitions from the Gaseous to the Condensed Phase,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and B. D. Kay, Faraday Discussion No. 73, van der Waals Molecules, Royal Society of Chemistry, Burlington House, London, pp 124−126; 297−301; 419−421 (1983). “Metastable Decomposition of Ar3+ Cluster Ions into Ar2+ and Ar+, K. Stephan, T. D. Märk, E. Märk, A. Stamatovic, N. Djuric and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Beitr. Plasmaphys., 23, 369−372 (1983). “Mass Spectrometric Investigation of NH3 and CO2 van der Waals Clusters: Appearance Potentials and Stability,” K. Stephan, T. D. Märk, J. H. Futrell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Vacuum Technology and Applied Ion Physics, 33, 77−85 (1983). “Understanding the Middle Atmosphere via the Laboratory: Ion Cluster Investigations,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Ann. Geophys., 1, 75−80 (1983). “The Photoionization of Clusters and the Onset of Metallic Conductivity,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1983 CSL Scientif ic Conference on Obscuration and Aerosol dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049


142.

143.

144.

145.

146.

147.

148.

149.

150.

151.

152.

153. 154. 155.


156. “Photodissociation of CO3−: Evidence for a Long-Lived Excited State,” D. E. Hunton, M. Hofmann, T. G. Lindeman and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 96, 328−332 (1983). 157. “The Formation and Thermochemical Properties of Multiligand Complexes: Application to Detection of Trace Species,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Proc. 1982 Chemical Systems Laboratory Scientif ic Conference on Chemical Defense Research, pp 287−294 (1982). 158. “The Photoionization of Oxidized Metal Clusters,” P. D. Dao, K. I. Peterson and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 80, 56364 (1984). 159. “Thermochemical Properties of Gas-Phase Mixed Clusters: H2O/CO2 with Na+, K. I. Peterson, T. D. Märk, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 88, 2880−2883 (1984). 160. “Studies of Ions in a Drift Field: Laser Diagnostics of Excited States and Measurements of Thermochemical Properties at Equilibrium,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, SWARM, (W. Lindinger, H. Villinger, W. Federer, Eds.), pp 233−240 (1983). 161. “Mass Spectral and Electric Deflection Study of Acetic Acid Clusters,” R. Sievert, I. Cadez, J. Van Doren and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 88, 4502−4505 (1984). 162. “Multiphoton Ionization of Ammonia Clusters with a Tunable Laser,” O. Echt, R. J. Stanley, P. D. Dao and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Deutsche Bunsen-Gesellschaf t f ur Physikalische Chemie, 88, 217−219 (1984). 163. “The Thermochemical Properties of Two-Component Cluster Ions,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1983 Scientif ic Conference on Chemical Defense Research, pp 93−100 (1984). 164. “Cluster Ion Physics,” T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1983 Utah Workshop on Gaseous Ion Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, September 12− 16, 1983. 165. “Unimolecular Decay of Metastable CO3−,” D. E. Hunton, C. R. Albertoni, T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 106, 544−549 (1984). 166. “Mass Spectral and Electric Deflection Study of Acetic Acid Clusters and Sulfur Trioxide/Water Clusters,” R. G. Keesee, R. Sievert-Hofmann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Deutsche Bunsen-Gesellschaf t fur Physikalische Chemie, 88, 273−274 (1984). 167. “Structure and Dynamics of Negative Cluster Ions: Photodissociation, Collision-Induced Metastable Dissociation of CO3−·(H2O)0,1,2,3 ,” D. E. Hunton, M. Hofmann, C. R. Albertoni, T. G. Lindeman, T. D. Märk and A. W. Castleman, Jr., SASP ’84 Contributions, Maria Alm Salzburg, pp 387−392 (1984). 168. “Multiphoton Ionization of (NH3)n and Unimolecular Dissociation of Ammonia Cluster Ions,” O. Echt, S. Morgan, P. D. Dao, R. J. Stanley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., SASP ’84 Contributions, Maria Alm/Salzburg, pp 246−251 (1984). 169. “Cluster Ion Association Reactions: Thermochemistry and Relationship to Kinetics,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., and R. G. Keesee, In Swarms of Ions and Electrons in Gases, (W. Lindinger, T. D. Märk and F. Howorka, Eds.), Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 167−193 (1984). 170. “Gas-to-Particle Conversion: The Role of Pre-Existing Dimers in the Formation of Clusters During Supersonic Expansion,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc.

Research, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, pp 25−34 (1983). “Cluster Properties Studied by Electron Impact Ionization,” T. D. Märk, K. Stephan, H. Helm, J. H. Futrell, E. Märk, K. I. Peterson, A. W. Castleman, Jr., N. Djuric and A. Stamatovic, Proc. Third Symposium on Atomic and Surface Physics, Salzburg, Austria, February 7−12, 1982. “Cluster Ions: Understanding Transitions from the Gaseous to the Condensed State,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. l3th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Honolulu, Hawaii, June 6−11, 1982, pp 209−211. “Chemistry of Ions in the Gas Phase,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Ionic Processes in the Gas Phase, NATO ASI Series, Vol. 118, (M. S. Almoster Ferreira, Ed.), D. Reidel Publishing Company, pp 327−354 (1983). “The Thermochemical Properties of Two-Component Cluster Ions,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1983 Scientif ic Conference on Chemical Defense Research, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, November 14−18, 1983. “The Interaction of Sulfur Trioxide with Water Clusters,” R. G. Keesee, R. Hofmann-Sievert and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Chemistry of Multiphase Atmospheric Systems, (W. Jaeschke, Ed.), NATO ASI Series G, Vol. 6, pp 501−505 (1986). “Heterogeneous Reactions: Current Status and Research Needs,” R. Turco, A. W. Castleman, Jr., C. S. Kiang, M. P. McCormick and P. H. McMurry, (Gas-to-Particle Conversion Section), NASA Conference Publication 2320 (1984). “Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization (2 + 1) of the B and C′ States of Ammonia,” R. J. Stanley, O. Echt, P. D. Dao and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Appl. Phys. B, 32, 35−38 (1983). “Introduction: Advances and Opportunities in Cluster Research,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Electronic and Atomic Collisions, (J. Eichler, I. V. Hertel and N. Stolterfoht, Eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, pp 579−590 (1984). “Laser Photodissociation of CO3− and Its Hydrates,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., D. E. Hunton, M. Hofmann and T. G. Lindeman, In Electronic and Atomic Collisions, (J. Eichler, I. V. Hertel, N. Stolterfoht and U. Wille, Eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, p 58 (1983). “Metastable Dissociations of Small Cluster Ions,” K. Stephan, A. Stamatovic, A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. H. Futrell and T. D. Märk, In Electronic and Atomic Collisions, (J. Eichler, I. V. Hertel, N. Stolterfoht and U. Wille, Eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, p 291 (1983). “Photoionization Studies of Na2Cl and Na2O and Reactions of Metal Clusters,” K. I. Peterson, P. D. Dao and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 79, 777−783 (1983). “Photoionization of Sodium Clusters,” K. I. Peterson, P. D. Dao, R. W. Farley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 80, 1780−1785 (1984). “The Reaction of SO3 with Water Clusters and the Formation of H2SO4,” R. Sievert and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 88, 3329−3333 (1984). “Isotope Enrichment During the Formation of Water Clusters in Supersonic Free Jet Expansions,” B. D. Kay and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 78, Part II, 4297−4302 (1983). 8030



171. 172.

173.

174.

175.

176.

177.

178.

179.

180.

181.

182.


183. “Clusters of Water and Other Molecules: Structures and Reaction Dynamics,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. National Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan, Tokyo, April 1− 4, 1985, pp 1836−1839. 184. “Studies of Cluster Ionization and Dissociation Processes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 33rd Annual ASMS Meeting, San Diego, CA, May 26−31, 1985, 69−71. 185. “Mass Spectrometric Studies of Bimolecular Reactions in a Selected Ion Flow Tube (SIFT),” R. J. Shul, B. L. Upschulte, R. Passarella, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 33rd Annual ASMS Meeting, San Diego, CA, May 26−31, 1985, pp 317−318. 186. “Mass Spectrometric and Chemiluminescent Studies of CS2+ in a Flowing Argon Afterglow,” R. J. Shul, B. L. Upschulte, R. Passarella, R. E. Leuchtner, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 33rd Annual ASMS Meeting, San Diego, CA, May 26−31, 1985, pp 146−147. 187. “One- and Two-Color Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization of van der Waals Molecules: Studies of Spectroscopic Shifts as a Function of Degree of Aggregation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. D. Dao, S. Morgan and R. G. Keesee, Proc. Fourteenth International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions, Palo Alto, CA, July 24−30, 1985, p 655. 188. “Studies of Charge Transfer Processes in a Flow Tube,” R. G. Keesee, B. L. Upschulte, R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, R. E. Leuchtner and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Fourteenth International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions, Palo Alto, CA, July 24−30, 1985, p 588. 189. “Multiphoton Ionization of Ammonia Clusters and the Dissociation Dynamics of Protonated Cluster Ions,” O. Echt, P. D. Dao, S. Morgan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 82, 4076−4085 (1985). 190. “Electron Impact Ionization of Rare Gas Clusters: Stability of Singly and Doubly Charged Ions,” K. Leiter, A. Stamatovic, W. Ritter, K. Stephan, A. W. Castleman, Jr, and T. D. Märk, Proc. Second European Conference on Atomic and Molecular Physics, Amsterdam (1985). 191. “Molecular Beam Electric Deflection Study of HydrogenBonded Clusters (H 2 O ) N , (CH 3 O H) N , a nd (C2H5OH)N,” Bruce D. Kay and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 89, 4867−4885 (1985). 192. “Ions and Cluster Ions: Experimental Studies and Atmospheric Observations,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Geophys. Res., 90, 5885−5890 (1985). 193. “Studies of the Dynamics and Properties of Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. D. Dao, O. Echt, S. Morgan, J. J. Breen, K. Kilgore and R. G. Keesee, Surface Sci., 156, 469−486 (1985). 194. “Two-Color Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization of van der Waals Molecules: Studies of Spectroscopic Shifts and Ionization Thresholds of Paraxylene Clustered with Argon,” P. D. Dao, S. Morgan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 113, 219−224 (1985). 195. “Evidence for the Fragmentation of Clusters Upon Electron-Impact Ionization from Deflection Experiments,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and B. D. Kay, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 66, 217−222 (1985). 196. “Cluster Ions: Their Formation, Properties, and Role in Elucidating the Properties of Matter in the Condensed State,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and T. D. Märk, Chapter 12 in Gaseous Ion Chemistry/Mass Spectrometry, John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 259−303 (1986).

1984 CRDC Conference on Obscuration and Aerosol Research, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, June 25−29, 1984, pp 13−21. “Photodissociation Dynamics of CO3−,” D. E. Hunton, M. Hofmann, T. G. Lindeman and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 82, 134−150 (1985). “Photodissociation Spectroscopy and Dynamics of Negative Ion Clusters. II. CO3−·(H2O)1,2,3,” D. E. Hunton, M. Hofmann, T. G. Lindeman, C. Albertoni and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 82, 2884−2895 (1985). “Photodissociation of Negative Ions and Their Clusters: CO3− and Its Hydrates,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., D. E. Hunton, M. Hofmann and T. G. Lindeman, Ber. BunsenGes. Phys. Chem., 89, 348−349 (1985). “Unimolecular Dissociation of Cluster Ions Following Multiphoton Ionization and Subsequent Proton Transfer Reactions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., O. Echt, S. Morgan and P. D. Dao, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 89, 281−284 (1985). “Studies of Mixed Clusters via High Pressure Mass Spectrometry,” B. L. Upschulte, F. J. Schelling, K. I. Peterson, D. H. Evans, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 32nd Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, San Antonio, TX, May 27−June 1, 1984, pp 229−230. “One- and Two-Color Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization of van der Waals Molecules: Studies of Spectroscopic Shifts as a Function of Degree of Aggregation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. D. Dao and S. Morgan, Book of Extended Abstracts, International Conference on Multiphoton Processes III, Crete, Greece, September 5−11, 1984, p 17. “Multiphoton Ionization of Ammonia Clusters and the Dissociation of Cluster Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., O. Echt, P. D. Dao and S. Morgan, Book of Extended Abstracts, International Conference on Multiphoton Processes III, Crete, Greece, September 5−11, 1984, p 18. “Thermochemical Data on Gas-Phase Ion−Molecule Association and Clustering Reactions,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 15, 1011−1071 (1986). “Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization of van der Waals Molecules: Studies of Spectroscopic Shifts of Phenyl Acetylene Clustered with Molecules and Atoms,” P. D. Dao, S. Morgan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 111, 38−46 (1984). “Thermochemical Properties of Gas Phase Mixed Clusters: Water and Sulfur Dioxide Na+ and Cl−,” B. L. Upschulte, F. J. Schelling, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 111, 389−394 (1984). “A Classical Trajectory Study of the Angular Momentum Coupling Model: I. The Influence of Anisotropic Polarizability on the Lifetimes of Complexes Formed in Ion−Molecule Collisions,” F. J. Schelling and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 111, 47−52 (1984). “The Use of Similarity Profiles in Studying Cluster Formation in Molecular Beams: Evidence for the Role of Preexisting Dimers,” J. J. Breen, K. Kilgore, K. Stephan, R. Hofmann-Sievert, B. D. Kay, R. G. Keesee, T. D. Märk, J. M. Van Doren and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys., 91, 305−313 (1984). 8031




197. “A Molecular Beam Electric Deflection Study of Clusters: Acid and Salt Molecules in Microscopic Aqueous and Ammonia Clusters,” Bruce D. Kay, R. Hofmann-Sievert and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys., 102, 407 (1986). 198. “Chemiluminescence of CS2+ Initiated by a Thermal Energy Charge Transfer Reaction with Ar+,” B. L. Upschulte, R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, R. E. Leuchtner, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 90 100−104 (1986). 199. “Atom Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In the 1987 McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology, McGraw-Hill Publishers, pp 94−97 (1986). 200. “Reaction of Sulfur Containing Compounds with Atmospheric Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Proc. CRDC Conference on Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, pp 669−674 (1986). 201. “Electron−Cluster Interactions,” R. G. Keesee, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and T. D. Mark, Swarm Studies and Inelastic Electron-Molecule Collisions, (L. A. Pitchford, B. V. McKoy, A. Chutjian, and S. Trajmar, Eds.), SpringerVerlag, pp 351−366 (1986). 202. “The Interaction of Clusters with Reactive Species: Initial Stages in the Evolution of Particle Composition,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. CRDC Conference on Obscuration and Aerosol Research, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, pp 13−16 (1986). 203. “Delayed Ionization Following Resonant Photon Absorption and Intra-Cluster Electron Transfer,” P. D. Dao and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 84, 1434−1442 (1986). 204. “Dynamics of Cluster Dissociation Following Multiphoton Ionization,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Optical Science and Engineering, Series 6, Advances in Laser Science, (W. C. Stwalley and M. Lapp, Eds.), pp 483−487 (1986). 205. “Ionic Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Chem. Rev. 86, 589−618 (1986). 206. “Clusters: Bridging the Gas and Condensed Phases,” A W. Castleman and R. G. Keesee, Acc. Chem. Res., 19, 413−419 (1986). 207. “Clusters: Properties and Formation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem., 37, 525−550 (1986). 208. “Acid Clusters,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., ACS Symposium Series on Acid Rain, 31, 317−323 (1986). 209. “Metallic Ions and Clusters: Formation, Energetics, and Reaction,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Z. Phys. D 3, 167−176 (1986). 210. “Photodissociation of Negative Ions and Their Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., C. R. Albertoni, K. O. Marti, D. E. Hunton and R. G. Keesee, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 82, 261−273 (1986). 211. “Dynamics of Cluster Dissociation,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. International Laser Science Conference, Seattle, Washington, October 19−24, 1986. 212. “Kinetics of Gas Phase Metal Ions,” S. Sigsworth, L. DiFazio, R. Leuchtner, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 34th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, June 8−13, 1986, Cincinnati, Ohio, pp 797−798. 213. “Thermochemical Properties of Potassium Cations,” D. H. Evans, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc.

214.

215.

216. 217.

218.

219.

220.

221.

222.

223.

224.

225. 226.

227. 8032

34th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, June 8−13, 1986, Cincinnati, Ohio, pp 993−994. “Diagnostic Studies of the Flow Dynamic Effect on Rate Coefficients Obtained with a Selected Ion Flow Tube (SIFT),” R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, B. L. Upschulte, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 34th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, June 8−13, 1986, Cincinnati, Ohio, pp 606−607. “Thermal Energy Charge Transfer Reactions of Ar+ and Ar2+,” R. Passarella, R. J. Shul, B. L. Upschulte, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 34th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, June 8−13, 1986, Cincinnati, Ohio, pp 993−994. “Discussions on the Dynamics of Cluster Ionization and Dissociation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 82, pp 296−297; 298−300; 387−390 (1986). “Diagnostics of Flow Tube Techniques for Ion Molecule Reactions,” B. L. Upschulte, R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 75, 27−45 (1987). “The Formation of Clusters with Reactive Species: Precursors to Aerosol Formation in the Ammonia− Sulfur Dioxide System,” R. G. Keesee, K. J. Kilgore, J. J. Breen and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 6, 71−77 (1987). “Thermal Energy Charge Transfer Reactions of Ar+ and Ar2+,” R. J. Shul, B. L. Upschulte, R. Passarella, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 91, 2556−2562 (1987). “Thermal Energy Reactions Involving Ar+ Monomer and Dimer with N2, H2, Xe, and Kr,” R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, B. L. Upschulte, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 86, 4446−4651 (1987). “Evidence of Delayed ‘Internal’ Ion−Molecule Reactions Following the Multiphoton Ionization of Clusters: Variation in Reaction Channels in Methanol with Degree of Solvation,” S. Morgan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109, 2867−2870 (1987). “Dynamics of Dissociation, Reactions and Thermochemistry of Cluster Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Structure/Reactivity and Thermochemistry of Ions, (P. Ausloos and S. G. Lias, Eds.), D. Reidel Publishing Company, pp 185−217 (1987). “Multiphoton Ionization of Studies of Xenon Clusters,” O. Echt, M. C. Cook and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 135, 229−235 (1987). DOI: 10.1016/0092614(87)85147-3 “Considerations of the Rates and Lifetimes of Intermediate Complexes for the Association of Various Ligands to Metal Ions: Ag+ and Cu+,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., S. Sigsworth, R. E. Leuchtner, K. G. Weil, and R. G. Keesee, J. Chem. Phys., 86, 3829−3835 (1987). “The Association of Ammonia with Halide Ions in the Gas Phase,” D. H. Evans, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 86, 2927−2931 (1987). “Studies of Clusters Using Laser Techniques: Dissociation Processes of Methanol Clusters Following Multiphoton Ionization,” S. Morgan, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1986 CRDEC Scientif ic Conference on Obscuration and Aerosol Research, June 23−27, 1987, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD. “Resonance Enhanced Ionization of Clusters: Spectroscopy and Dynamics,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., P. D. Dao, S. dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049


228.

229.

230.

231.

232.

233.

234. 235. 236.

237.

238.

239.

240.


Morgan and R. G. Keesee, In Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy 1986, Institute of Physics Conference Series, Number 84, pp 209−216 (1987). “Cluster Spectroscopy: Variations in Ionization Potentials and Spectral Shifts as a Function of Degree of Aggregation and Studies of Cluster Fragmentation,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, In Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters, (P. Jena, B. K. Rao and S. N. Khanna, Eds.), NATO ASI Series B: Physics Vol. 158, pp 565−582 (1987). “The Ion−Molecule Reactions of Sulfides and Phosphonates,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1986 CRDC Conference on Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, Vol. 2, pp 785−789 (1987). “The Thermodynamics of Mixed Solvent Cluster Ions: K+(CH3OH)n(H2O)m,” R. G. Keesee, D. H. Evans and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters, (P. Jena, B. K. Rao and S. N. Khanna, Eds.), NATO ASI Series B: Physics Vol. 158, pp 687−691 (1987). “Studies of the Energy Dependence of Reactions of Ar+ and Ar2+ with CH4 and CS2,” R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, X. L. Yang, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 87, 1630−1636 (1987). “Krypton Dimers: Resonance-Enhanced MPI via Gerade States in the Region of Atomic 4p55p Configurations,” O. Echt, M. C. Cook and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 87, 3276−3280 (1987). “Gas Phase Reactions of Sulfides, Mercaptans, and Dimethyl Methylphosphonate with Ionic Species Derived from Argon and Water,” R. Passarella, R. J. Shul, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 81, 227−233 (1987). “Monomeric Metaphosphate: Does it Exist in Aqueous Solution?,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Naturforsch., 42b, 1585−1587 (1987). “Photodissociation of Rare Gas Cluster Ions: Ar3+,” C. R. Albertoni, R. Kuhn, H. W. Sarkas and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 87, 5043−5044 (1987). “Dissociation Processes of Methanol Clusters Following Multiphoton Ionization,” S. Morgan, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 35th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, May 24−29, 1987, Denver, CO, pp 187−188. “Photodissociation of Rare Gas Cluster Ions: Ar3+,” C. R. Albertoni, R. Kuhn, H. W. Sarkas and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Optical Science and Engineering, Series 9, (A. C. Tam, J. L. Gole and W. C. Stwalley, Eds.), pp 590−592 (1987). “The Energy Dependence of the Reactions of Ar+ and Ar2+ with Methane and Carbon Disulfide,” R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, X. L. Yang, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 35th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, May 24−29, 1987, Denver, CO, pp 612− 613. “Clusters: Studies of Aerosol Precursors,” W. B. Tzeng, J. Breen, R. G. Keesee, P. D. Dao, S. Morgan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1987 CRDEC Conference on Obscuration and Aerosol Research, Edgewood, MD, June 22−26, 1987. “Production and Stability of Ar3+ and Ar4+,” P. Scheier, M. Lezius, T. D. Mark, C. R. Albertoni, R. Kuhn, H. W. Sarkas, R. G. Keesee, Z. Chen and A. W. Castleman, Jr.,

241.

242.

243.

244.

245. 246.

247.

248. 249.

250.

251.

252. 253. 254. 255. 8033

Proc. 40th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Atlanta, GA, October 13−16, 1987. “Clusters: Ionization, Reactions and Properties,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, In Elemental and Molecular Clusters in Materials Science, (G. Benedik, T. P. Martin and G. Pocchioni, Eds.), pp 307−328 (1988). “Ion−Molecule Reactions Involving H3O+, H2O+, and OH+ at Thermal Energy,” R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, L. T. DiFazio, Jr., R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 92, 4947−4951 (1988). “The Hydration of Monomeric Metaphosphate,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1987 Scientific Conference on Chemical Defense Research, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, November 17−20, 1988, pp 1221−1226. “Curvature in the Plots for the Determination of Rate Constants Derived from Fast-Flow Techniques,” B. L. Upschulte, R. J. Shul, R. Passarella, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 85, 277−285 (1988). “Gas Phase Clusters: Spanning the States of Matter,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Science, 241, 36−42 (1988). “Application of Advanced Laser and Newly Developed Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer Techniques in Detecting Specific Molecules Bound to Aerosol Precursors,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, Proc. 1987 Scientif ic Conference on Chemical Defense Research, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, November 17−20, 1988, pp 879−888. “The Role of Rotational Tunneling in the Metastable Decay of Rare Gas Cluster Ions,” E. Ferguson, C. R. Albertoni, R. Kuhn, Z. Y. Chen, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 88, 6335−6340 (1988). “Appearance Potentials of CnH2n+2N+ Ions,” S. W. Sigsworth, R. G. Keesee, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 6682−6684 (1988). “Multiphoton Ionization of Clusters: Reactions and Spectroscopy,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and R. G. Keesee, In The Structure of Small Molecules and Ions, (R. Naaman and Z. Vager, Eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp 133− 145 (1988). “Studies of the Dissociation Products of Methylnitrite and Deuterated Methylnitrite Ions at High Mass Resolution,” M. P. Irion, A. Selinger, A. W. Castleman, Jr., E. Ferguson and K. G. Weil, Chem. Phys. Lett., 147, 33−37 (1988). “Spectroscopy of the Phenylacetylene−Ammonia Cluster System,” J. J. Breen, W. B. Tzeng, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1988 CRDEC Obscuration and Aerosol Scientif ic Conference, June 21−24, 1988, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD. “Clusters: Elucidating Gas to Particle Conversion Processes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Env. Sci. Technol., 22, 1265−1267 (1988). “Spectroscopy of Phenylacetylene−Carbon Dioxide Clusters,” J. Breen, W.-B. Tzeng, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 150, 231 (1988). “The Properties of Organic Compounds in Molecular Clusters,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Aerosol Sci. Technol., 10, 352−357 (1989). “Investigation of the Stabilities of Neutral and Ionic Lead and Lead−Antimony Clusters under Single and Multidx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049


256.

257.

258.

259.

260.

261. 262.

263. 264.

265. 266.

267. 268.

269.

270.


271. “Ar3+ Photodissociation and Its Mechanisms,” Z. Y. Chen, C. R. Albertoni, M. Hasegawa, R. Kuhn and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 91, 4019−4025 (1989). 272. “Thermal Metal Cluster Anion Reactions: Behavior of Aluminum Clusters with Oxygen,” R. E. Leuchtner, A. C. Harms and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 91, 2753−2754 (1989). 273. “Large Protonated Water Clusters H+(H2O)n, (n = 1− 49): The Production and Reactivity of Clathrate-Like Structures under Thermal Conditions,” Xiaolin Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 6845−6846 (1989). 274. “Photophysics of Clusters: Intracluster Reactions and Dynamics of Dissociation Processes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., W. B. Tzeng, S. Wei and S. Morgan, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 86, 2417−2426 (1990). 275. “Photoabsorption and Photoionization of Clusters,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Atomic and Molecular Clusters, (E. R. Bernstein, Ed.), Elsevier Science, pp 507−550 (1990). 276. “Particle Formation: Clusters and Nuclei,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Cluster Sci., 1, 3−27 (1990). 277. “Metal Cluster Cation Reactions: Carbon Monoxide Association to Cun+ Ions,” R. E. Leuchtner, A. C. Harms and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 92, 6527−6537 (1990). 278. “Kinetics and Mechanism Studies of Switching and Association Reactions Involving Na+−Ligand Complexes,” Xiaolin Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 93, 2405−2412 (1990). 279. “Kinetic Energy Release Measurements of Ammonia Cluster Ions during Metastable Decomposition and Determination of Cluster Ion Binding Energy,” S. Wei, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 92, 332−339 (1990). 280. “Protonated Acetaldehyde Clusters: Stability, Structure, and Metastable Unimolecular Decomposition,” W. B. Tzeng, S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 168, 30−36 (1990). 281. “The Energy Dependence of the Reaction of N2+ with CS2,” R. Passarella, Xiaolin Yang, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 97, 125− 130 (1990). 282. “Reactions of Intermetallic Clusters,” R. W. Farley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 92, 1790−1795 (1990). 283. “Ammonia−Acetone Mixed Clusters: Internal Ion− Molecule Reactions, Structure and Bonding,” W. B. Tzeng, S. Wei, D. W. Neyer, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 4097−4104 (1990). 284. “Influence of Solvation on Dissociation: Metastable Unimolecular Decomposition of Mixed Ammonia− Acetone Cluster Ions,” W. B. Tzeng, S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 166, 343−352 (1990). 285. “Photodissociation of Krn+ Clusters,” Z. Y. Chen. C. D. Cogley, J. H. Hendricks, B. D. May and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 93, 3215−3223 (1990). 286. “Ion Dip Spectroscopy of van der Waals Clusters,” R. J. Stanley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 92, 5770−5775 (1990). 287. “Unimolecular Dissociation Rate Constants: Chlorobenzene Cations Revisited Using a New Method,” R. J.

photon Ionization Conditions,,” R. W. Farley, P. J. Ziemann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. D, 14, 353− 360 (1989). “Intracluster Reactions in Phenylacetylene Ammonia Clusters Initiated through Resonant Enhanced Ionization,” J. Breen, W.-B. Tzeng, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 90, 19−24 (1989). “Spectroscopy of Phenylacetylene Bound to Clusters of Ammonia and the Surface Cluster Analogy,” J. J. Breen, K. Kilgore, S. Wei, W.-B. Tzeng, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 90, 11−18 (1989). “Reactions of Hydrogen Halides with Clusters of Ammonia Molecules,” J. Breen, K. Kilgore, S. Wei, W.B. Tzeng, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 93, 7703−7707 (1989). “Rates of Hydride Abstraction from Amines via Reactions with Ground State Ag+ and Cu+,” S. W. Sigsworth and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 3566−3569 (1989). “Reactions of Methanol Clusters Following Multiphoton Ionization,” S. Morgan, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 3841−3845 (1989). “Dissociation Dynamics of Methanol Clusters Following Multiphoton Ionization,” S. Morgan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 93, 4544−4550 (1989). “Structure of Solvated Cluster Ions,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Ion and Cluster Spectroscopy and Structure, (J. Maier, Ed.), Elsevier Science Publishers, pp 275−327 (1989). “Observation of Gas Phase Anionic Bismuth Zintl Ions,” R. W. Farley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 2734−2735 (1989). “The Use of Laser Spectroscopy in Studying the Attachment of Molecules to Finely Dispersed Colloidal Media,” W. B. Tzeng, J. J. Breen, K. Kilgore, S. Wei, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. 1988 U.S. Army CRDEC Conference, November 14−18, 1988, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (1989). “Consideration of Rotational Tunneling in Rare Gas Cluster Ions,” C. R. Albertoni, A. W. Castleman, Jr., and E. E. Ferguson, Chem. Phys. Lett., 157, 159−163 (1989). “Thermodynamics for the Clustering of Ammonia Onto Pb+ in the Gas-Phase,” K. L. Gleim, B. C. Guo, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 93, 6805−6809 (1989). “Thermal Energy Ion−Molecule Association Reactions Involving Sodium Ions,” R. Passarella and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 93, 5840−5845 (1989). “Multiphoton Ionization of Acetone Clusters: Metastable Unimolecular Decomposition of Acetone Cluster Ions and the Influence of Solvation on Intracluster Ion− Molecule Reactions,” W. B. Tzeng, S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 6035−6040 (1989); “Erratum,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 8326 (1989). “Thermochemical Properties of Ion Complexes Na+(M)n in the Gas Phase,” B. C. Guo, B. J. Conklin and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 6506−6510 (1989). “The Hydration of Monomeric Metaphosphate Anion in the Gas Phase,” R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 9015−9018 (1989). 8034



288. 289. 290.

291.

292.

293.

294.

295. 296. 297.

298.

299.

300. 301. 302.

303.


Stanley, M. C. Cook and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 94, 3668−3674 (1990). “Investigation of the Reactivity of Lead and Bismuth Positive Ions,” S. W. Sigsworth and A. W. Castleman, Jr.,” Chem. Phys. Lett., 168, 314−318 (1990). “The Clustering Reactions of Benzene with Sodium and Lead Ions,” B. C. Guo, J. W. Purnell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 168, 155−160 (1990). “Studies of Group III Cation Reactions: Consecutive Association of Methanol to Al+, Ga+, and In+,” R. E. Leuchtner, R. W. Farley, A. C. Harms, H. Funasaka and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 102, 199−212 (1990). “Observation of Isomeric Cluster Ions: Influence on the Dynamics of Dissociation of the Ammonia-Triethylamine System,” S. Wei, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 94, 6927−6930 (1990). “Dissociation Dynamics: Measurements of Decay Fractions of Metastable Ammonia Cluster Ions,” S. Wei, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 93, 2506−2512 (1990). “Gas Phase Reactivity of Metal Alloy Clusters,” A. C. Harms, R. E. Leuchtner, S. W. Sigsworth and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 5673−5674 (1990). “The Association Reactions of Pb+ Ion with CH3OH and CH3NH2 in the Gas Phase,” B. C. Guo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 100, 665−678 (1990). “General Discussion on Large Gas-Phase Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 86, pp 2389, 2452−2455, 2495−2522 (1990). “A Consideration of the Chemistry of Radon Progeny,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Environ. Sci. Technol., 25, 730−735 (1991). “The Structure of Protonated Solvation Complexes: Ammonia-Trimethylamine Cluster Ions, and Their Metastable Decompositions,” S. Wei, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 585−591 (1991). “The Thermodynamics of Gas-Phase Mixed Solvent Cluster Ions: Water and Methanol on K+ and Cl− and Comparison to Liquid Solutions,” D. H. Evans, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 3558−3564 (1991). “Production and Magic Numbers of Large Hydrated Anion Clusters X−(H2O)N = 0−59, X = OH, O, O2 and O3, under Thermal Conditions,” X. Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 94, 8500−8502 (1990); “Erratum”, J. Phys. Chem., 94, 8974 (1990). “Stabilities and Structures of Gas Phase MgO Clusters,” P. J. Ziemann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 94, 718−728 (1991). “Aluminum Cluster Reactions,” R. E. Leuchtner, A. C. Harms and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 94, 1093−1101 (1991). “Metastable Unimolecular and Collision-Induced Dissociation of Hydrogen-Bonded Clusters: Evidence for Intracluster Molecular Rearrangement and the Structure of Solvated Protonated Complexes,” S. Wei, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 113, 1960− 1969 (1991). “Reaction of Group V and VI Transition Metal Oxide and Oxyhydroxide Anions with O2, H2O, and HCl,” S.

304.

305. 306.

307. 308. 309. 310. 311. 312.

313.

314. 315. 316. 317.

318.

319.

320.

8035

W. Sigsworth and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 10471−10477 (1992). “Metastable Decay of Stoichiometric and Non-Stoichiometric Nitrogen Cluster Ions,” G. Walder, M. Foltin, T. Stefanson, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and T. D. Märk, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 107, 127−134 (1991). “Magic Metastable Decay of Singly Charged Argon Clusters,” M. Foltin, G. Walder, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and T. D. Märk, J. Chem. Phys., 94, 810−811 (1991). “Metastable Decay of Arn+ Involving Single Monomer Evaporation and the Loss of Peculiar Numbers of Monomers,” M. Foltin, G. Walder, S. Mohr, P. Scheier, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and T. D. Märk, Z. Phys. D, 20, 157−159 (1991). “The Clustering Reactions of Na+ and Pb+ with Several Important Ligands,” B. C. Guo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. D, 19, 397−399 (1991). “Gas Phase Reactivity of Thermal Metal Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., A. C. Harms and R. E. Leuchtner, Z. Phys. D, 19, 343−346 (1991). “Stable Shell Structures in Hydrogen-Bonded Complexes,” S. Wei, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. D, 20, 47−51 (1991). “Mass Spectrometric Study of MgO Clusters Produced by the Gas Aggregation Technique,” P. J. Ziemann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. D, 20, 97−99 (1991). “Evidence of Cyclic Structures in Protonated HydrogenBonded Complexes,” S. Wei, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 178, 411−418 (1991). “Atom Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In seventh Edition, McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, Vol. 2, McGraw-Hill Publishers, pp 236− 239 (1992). “Mixed Cluster Ions as a Structure Probe: Experimental Evidence for Clathrate Structure of (H2O)20H+ and (H2O)21H+,” S. Wei, Z. Shi and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 94, 3268−3270 (1991). “Solvated Cluster Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Clusters of Atoms and Molecules II, (H. Haberland, Ed.), SpringerVerlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 77−133 (1994). “Reactions of O2H− and Its Hydrates with CH3CN, CO2 and SO2,” X. Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 179, 361−366 (1991). “Cluster Ion Dip Spectroscopy of Hydrogen Bonded Phenol(H2O)n Clusters, n = 0−4,” R. J. Stanley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 94, 7744−7756 (1991). “Kinetics and Mechanism Studies of Large Protonated Water Clusters, H+(H2O)N, N = 1−60, at Thermal Energy,” X. Yang, X. Zhang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 109, 339−354 (1991). “Stability, Structure and Binding Energies of Solvated Cluster Ions: Ammonia−Acetonitrile and Ammonia− Acetaldehyde Systems,” W. B. Tzeng, S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 5757−5763 (1991). “Temperature and Cluster Size Dependence Studies of Reactions of Protonated Water Clusters with Acetonitrile,” X. Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 95, 130−134 (1991). “Multiphoton Ionization of Ether Clusters: Intracluster Ion−Molecule Reactions and Metastable Decompositions,” S. Wei, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 5080−5085 (1991). dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049



321. “The Bonding Strength of Ag+(C2H4) and Ag+(C2H4)2 Complexes,” B. C. Guo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 181, 16−20 (1991). 322. “Chemistry of Large Hydrated Anion Clusters X−(H2O)n, 0 ≤ n ≈ 50 and X = OH, O2, and O3, 1. Reaction of CO2 and Possible Application in Understanding of Enzymatic Reaction Dynamics,” X. Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 113, 6766−6771 (1991). 323. “Evaporative Dissociation of Ammonia Cluster Ions: Quantification of Decay Fractions and Isotope Effects,” S. Wei, K. Kilgore, W. B. Tzeng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 8306−8309 (1991). 324. “Chemistry of Large Hydrated Anion Clusters X−(H2O)n, n = 0−59 and X = OH, O, O2, and O3, III: Reaction of SO2,” X. Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 6182−6186 (1991). 325. “Chemistry of Large Hydrated Anion Clusters X−(H2O)n, n = 0−59 and X = OH, O, O2, and O3, II: Reaction of CH3CN,” X. Yang, X. Zhang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 8520−8524 (1991). 326. “Elucidating the Origin of Magic Numbers: Trends in the Relative Binding Energies of Xenon Cluster Ions and Their Implications,” S. Wei, Z. Shi and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 94, 8604−8607 (1991). 327. “Mass Spectrometric Study of the Formation, Evaporation, and Structural Properties of Doubly Charged MgO Clusters,” P. J. Ziemann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Rev. B, 44, 6488−6499 (1991). 328. “Evidence for the Polymerization of Ethylene Catalyzed by Ti+ in the Gas Phase,” B. C. Guo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 3, 464−466 (1992). 329. “Solvation Effects on the Structure and Reactivity of Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Quantum Chem., 25, 527−544 (1991). 330. “Kinetic Study of Neutral Lead Cluster Reactions,” R. W. Farley, P. J. Ziemann, R. G. Keesee and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. D, 25, 267−273 (1993). 331. “Magic Numbers in Atomic Clusters: Energetic Electronic and Structural Effects,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Clustering Phenomena in Atoms and Nuclei, (M. Brenner, T. Lönnroth and F. B. Malik, Eds.), Springer-Verlag, pp 99−109 (1992) 332. “Effects of Ligands on the Reactivity of V+ and Ti+ toward Dehydrogenation of Ethylene,” B. C. Guo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 113, R1−R5 (1992). 333. “Laboratory Studies of Large Protonated Water Clusters Under the Conditions of Formation of Noctilucent Clouds (NLC) in the Summer Mesopause,” X. Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22573−22578 (1991). 334. “Ab Initio Potential Energy Surface for Ar3+,” Z. Y. Chen, B. D. May and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. D, 23, 239− 246 (1993). 335. “Study of Protonated Methanol Cluster Ions under Thermal Conditions,” X. Zhang, X. Yang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 185, 298−302 (1991). 336. “Evidence for the Encagement of Alkali Metal Ions through the Formation of Gas-Phase Clathrates: Cs+ in Water Clusters,” A. Selinger and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 8442−8444 (1991).

337. “Reactions and Properties of Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Advances in Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 12, Elsevier Science Publishers, pp 167−189 (1992); also in Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 118/119, 167−189 (1992). 338. “Encagement of Alkali Metal Ions in Gas-Phase Water Clusters,” A. Selinger and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Physics and Chemistry of Finite Systems, pp 1137−1140 (1992). 339. “Magic Numbers of Metal and Metal Alloy Clusters and Their Chemical Reactivity,” Y. Yamada and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Physics and Chemistry of Finite Systems, pp 1165−1169 (1992). 340. “Studies Reactions of Small Titanium Oxide Cluster Cations toward Oxygen at Thermal Energies,” B. C. Guo, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 117, 129−144 (1992). 341. “Chemistry and Kinetics of Size Selected Cobalt Cation Clusters at Thermal Energies: 1. Reactions with CO”, B. C. Guo, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 96, 8177−8186 (1992). 342. “Chemistry and Kinetics of Primary Reactions of Ti+ with H2O, NH3, CH3OH, C2H4, and C3H6 at Thermal Energies,” B. C. Guo, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 96, 4879−4833 (1992). 343. “Mass-Spectrometric Investigation of the Stabilities and Structures of Mn−O and Mn−Mg−O Clusters,” P. J. Ziemann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Rev. B, 46, 482− 483 (1992). 344. “Structures and Bonding Properties of Ca−O Clusters Inferred from Mass Spectral Abundance Patterns,” P. J. Ziemann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 96, 4271−4276 (1992). 345. “Chemistry and Kinetics of Size Selected Cobalt Cation Clusters at Thermal Energies: 2. Reactions with O2,” B. C. Guo, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 96, 6931−6937 (1992). 346. “Dehydrogenation of Ethylene and Propylene and Ethylene Polymerization Induced by Ti+ in the Gas Phase,” B. C. Guo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 6152−6158 (1992). 347. “Magic Numbers of Sodium/Antimony-Clusters Produced by Gas Aggregation and Subsequent Photoionization,” A. Hartmann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Physics and Chemistry of Finite Systems, pp 1121−1124 (1992). 348. “Ti8C12+  Metallo-Carbohedrenes: A New Class of Molecular Clusters?,” B. C. Guo, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Science, 255, 1411−1413 (1992). 349. “Influence of Solvation of Dehydration Reactions of Alkali Metal Methanol Cluster Ions,” X. Zhang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 8607−8610 (1992). 350. “The Formation, Growth and Nucleation of Water Cluster Ions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Ninth International Conference on Atmospheric Electricity, St. Petersburg, USSR, June 15−19, 1992, pp 67−71. 351. “Ion Dip Spectroscopy of Phenol-OD and PhenolOD(D2O)1,” R. J. Stanley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 98, 796−799 (1993). 352. “Metallo-Carbohedrenes [M8C12+ (M = V, Zr, Hf and Ti)]: A Class of Stable Molecular Cluster Ions,” B. C. Guo, S. Wei, J. Purnell, S. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Science, 256, 515−516 (1992). 8036




369. “Generation of Met-Car Clusters from Titanium and Graphite Powders,” Z. Y. Chen, G. J. Walder and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 96, 9581−9582 (1992). 370. “Laser Induced Plasma Dehydrogenation: The Formation of New Type Clusters,” Z. Y. Chen and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc., 40th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, pp 1480−1481 (1992). 371. “Gas Phase Copper Carbide Clusters,” Y. Yamada and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 204, 133−138 (1993). 372. “Gas Phase Copper/Selenium and Silver/Selenium Clusters,” Y. Yamada, H. T. Deng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Mater., 5, 1085−1088 (1993). 373. “The Discovery of Met-Cars,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., R&D Innovator, 2, pp 1, 6, 7, 10, February 1993. 374. “Reactivities of Ti8C12+ at Thermal Energies,” B. C. Guo, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 7415−7418 (1993). 375. “Production of Metallo-Carbohedrenes in the Solid State,” S.F. Cartier, Z. Y. Chen, G. J. Walder, C. R. Sleppy and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Science, 260, 195−196 (1993). 376. “Cluster Ion Dip Spectroscopy,” R. J. Stanley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy by Stimulated Emission Pumping, (H. L. Dai and R. W. Field, Eds.), World Scientific, pp 689−730 (1995). 377. “Ultrafast Reaction Dynamics of Electronically Excited Ã State of Ammonia Clusters,” S. Wei, J. Purnell, S. A. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 99, 755− 757 (1993). 378. “Metastable Dissociation of Met-Cars: Reaction Channels and Cluster Stabilities,” S. Wei, B. C. Guo, J. Purnell, S. A. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 97, 9559−9561 (1993); Additions and Corrections, J. Phys Chem., 98, 9682 (1994). 379. “Elucidating the Influence of Solvation on the Dynamics of Cluster Reactions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., S. Wei, J. Purnell and S. A. Buzza, In Reaction Dynamics in Clusters and Condensed Phases, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, Holland, pp 1−12 (1994). 380. “Formation of Protonated Ammonia Clusters Probed by a Femtosecond Laser,” and (Introductory Remarks, 12423−12424), J. Purnell, S. Wei, S. A. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 97, 12530−12534 (1993). 381. “Water Clusters: Contributions of Binding Energy and Entropy to Stability,” Z. Shi, J. V. Ford, S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 99, 8009−8015 (1993). 382. “Using Reflectron Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer Techniques to Investigate Cluster Dynamics and Bonding,” S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 131, 233−264 (1994). 383. “Reactions of Water Cluster Ions With Nitric Acid,” X. Zhang, E. L. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 98, 3554−3557 (1994). 384. “Dehydrogenation Reactions in Mg+(H2O)n Clusters,” A. C. Harms, S. N. Khanna, B. Chen and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 100, 3540−3544 (1994). 385. “Formation and Metastable Decomposition of Unprotonated Ammonia Cluster Ions upon Femtosecond Ionization,” S. A. Buzza, S. Wei, J. Purnell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 102, 4832−4841 (1995).

353. “Metallo-Carbohedrenes as a Class of Stable Neutral Clusters: Formation Mechanism of M8C12 (M = Ti and V),” S. Wei, B. C. Guo, J. Purnell, S. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 96, 4166−4168 (1992). 354. “Metallo-Carbohedrenes: Formation of Multi-Cage Structures,” S. Wei, B. C. Guo, J. Purnell, S. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Science, 256, 818−820 (1992). 355. “The Magic Numbers of Metal and Metal Alloy Clusters,” Y. Yamada and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 97, 4543−4548 (1992). 356. “Generation of Metal−Carbon and Metal−Nitrogen Clusters with a Laser Induced Plasma Technique,” B. C. Guo, S. Wei, Z. Chen, J. Purnell, S. Buzza, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 97, 5243−5245 (1992). 357. “Reaction Channels in a Plasma Reactor-Laser Vaporization Source: Formation of Carbon Clusters and Metal−Carbon Clusters,” Z. Y. Chen, B. C. Guo, B. May, S. Cartier and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 198, 118−122 (1992). 358. “Metallo-Carbohedrenes  A New Class of Molecular Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., B. C. Guo and S. Wei, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B, 6 (23 and 24), 3587−3594 (1992); Proc. Adriatico Research Conference on Cluster and Fullerenes Trieste, Italy, (V. Kumas, T. P. Martin and E. Tosatti, Eds.), World Scientific Publishers, Singapore, pp 3−10 (1993). 359. “Reactions of Metal Oxide Anions,” R. G. Keesee, B. Chen, A. C. Harms and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 123, 225−231 (1993). 360. “Laser Plasma Reactors: Forming Met-Cars  A New Class of Cluster Materials,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., B. C. Guo, S. Wei and Z. Y. Chen, In Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 34, (K. Lackner and W. Lindinger, Eds.), Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 2047−2051, (1992). 361. “Dehydrogenation of Gaseous Hydrogen-Containing Molecules: The Formation of Elemental and Molecular Clusters,” Z. Y. Chen, G. J. Walder and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Rev. B, 49, 2739−2752 (1994). 362. “Growth of Titanium Nitride: From Cluster to Microcrystal,” Z. Y. Chen and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 98, 231−235 (1993). 363. “Clathrate Structures in Water−Methanol Mixed Clusters,” Z. Shi, S. Wei, J. V. Ford and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 200, 142−146 (1992). 364. “Metallo-CarbohedrenesA New Class of Molecular Clusters,” B. C. Guo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Advances in Metal and Semiconductor Clusters, (M. Duncan, Ed.), Vol. 2, JAI Press, pp 137−164 (1994). 365. “Copper/Antimony and Copper/Bismuth Alloy Clusters: Magic Numbers and Electronic Structure,” Y. Yamada, H. T. Deng, E. M. Snyder and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 203, 330−336 (1993). 366. “Metallo-Carbohedrenes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., 1994 McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology, pp 263−265 (1993). 367. “Metallo-Carbohedrenes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. D, 26, 159−161 (1993). 368. “Femtosecond Multiphoton Ionization of Ammonia Clusters,” S. Wei, J. Purnell, S. A. Buzza, R. J. Stanley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 97, 9480−9482 (1992). 8037




386. “Growth Pattern of Zirconium−Carbon Clusters: FaceCentered Cubic or Multicage Structures?”, S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 227, 305−311 (1994). 387. “Cluster Reactions of Sulfur Trioxide and Ammonia,” Z. Shi, J. V. Ford and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 220, 274−280 (1994). 388. “Met-Cars: A New Class of Cluster Materials,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Recent Advances in the Physics and Chemistry of Fullerenes, (K. M. Kadish and R. Ruoff, Eds.), Electrochemical Society, NJ, pp 346−359 (1994). 389. “The Production of Metallocarbohedrenes by the Direct Laser Vaporization of the Carbides of Titanium and Zirconium,” S. F. Cartier, B. D. May, B. J. Toleno, J. Purnell, S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 220, 23−28 (1994). 390. “TixZryC12 and TixHfyC12 (x+y = 8): Mixed Metal Metallocarbohedrenes,” S. F. Cartier, B. D. May, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 100, 5384−5386 (1994). 391. “Femtosecond Chemistry: The Berlin Conference,” Introductory Remarks by J. Manz and A. W.. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 97, 12425−12426 (1993). 392. “Reactions of N2O5 with Protonated Water Clusters H+(H2O)n, n = 3−30,” H. Wincel, E. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 98, 8606−8610 (1994). 393. “Formation of Met-Cars and Face-Centered Cubic Structures: Thermodynamically or Kinetically Controlled?,” S. Wei, B. C. Guo, H. T. Deng, K. Kerns, J. Purnell, S. A. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 4475−4476 (1994). 394. “Multiphoton Ionization of Hydrogen Bonded Clusters Using Ultra-Fast Laser Techniques,” S. Wei, J. Purnell, S. A. Buzza, E. M. Snyder and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Femtosecond Chemistry, (J. Manz and L. Wöste, Eds.), Springer-Verlag, Germany, pp 449−474 (1994). 395. “Evidence for the Formation of Clathrate Structures of Protonated Water−Methanol Clusters at Thermal Energy,” X. Zhang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 101, 1157−1164 (1994). 396. “Binary Metal Metallocarbohedrenes of Titanium and Group IIIA, VA, and VIA Metals,” S. F. Cartier, B. D. May, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 5295−5297 (1994). 397. “Cluster Reactions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and S. Wei, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 45, 685−719 (1994). 398. “Studies of the Metastable Decay of Met-Cars: The Vanadium and Niobium Systems,” J. Purnell, S. Wei, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 229, 105−110 (1994). 399. “Formation and Stability of Metallocarbohedrenes: TixMyC12 (x+y = 8, M = Nb, Ta, Y, and Si),” H. T. Deng, B. C. Guo, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 138, 275−281 (1994). 400. “Gas Phase Antimony/Magnesium/Oxygen Clusters,” H. T. Deng, Y. Okada, M. Foltin and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 98, 9350−9353 (1994). 401. “The Production and Properties of Met-Cars,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and B. C. Guo, In Advances in Science and Technology, Vol. 4, “New Horizons for Materials”, (P Vincenzini, Ed.), Techna Srl, pp 125−133 (1995). 402. “Collision Induced Dissociation of Titanium−Carbon Cluster Cations,” K. P. Kerns, B. C. Guo, H. T. Deng and

403.

404.

405.

406.

407.

408. 409.

410.

411.

412. 413.

414.

415.

416.

8038

A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 101, 8529−8534 (1994) . “Reactions of Titanium−Carbon Cluster Cations with Acetone: New Evidence for the Stability of the MetCars,” K. P. Kerns, B. C. Guo, H. T. Deng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117, 4026−4029 (1995). “Gas Phase Reactions of the Met-Cars Ti8C12+, Nb8C12+, Ti7NbC12+ with Acetone and Methyl Iodide,” H. T. Deng, B. C. Guo, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 98, 13373−13378 (1994). “Mass Spectral and Computational Free Energy Studies of Alkali Metal Ion-Containing Water Clusters,” E. A. Steel, K. M. Merz, Jr., A. Selinger, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 99, 7829 (1995). “Ultrafast Laser Induced Coulomb Explosion of Clusters with High Charge States,” J. Purnell, E. M. Snyder, S. Wei, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 229, 333−339 (1994). “Met-Cars: A New Family of Metal−Carbon Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Applications of Organometallic Chemistry in the Preparation and Processing of Advanced Materials, (J. F. Harrod and R. M. Laine, Eds.), NATO ASI Series E: Appl. Sci., Vol. 297, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp 269−281 (1995). “Gas Phase Reactions of N2O5 with X−(H2O)n; X = O, OH, O2, HO2 and O3,” H. Wincel, E. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 99, 1792−1798 (1995). “Molecular Materials: Metallocarbohedrenes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In 1996 McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology, McGraw-Hill Publishers, pp 211−213 (1996). “Kinetic Study of Protonated Methanol Clusters with Acetonitrile at Room Temperature,” X. Zhang and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 149/150, 521−527 (1995). “Reaction Dynamics in Femtosecond and Microsecond Time Windows: Ammonia Clusters as a Paradigm,” S. Wei and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Chemical Reactions in Clusters, (E. R. Bernstein, Ed.), Oxford University Press, pp 197−220 (1996). “van der Waals Molecules II: Introduction,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and P. Hobza (Guest Editors), Chem. Rev., 94, 1721−1722 (1994). “Gas Phase Reactions of N2O5 with NO2−(H2O)n=0,2, NO3−(H2O)n=1,2 and NO−n=2,3HNO2,” H. Wincel, E. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 102, 9228−9234 (1995). “Gas-Phase Reactions of HO2−·CO2 with Molecular Species of Possible Atmospheric Interest,” H. Wincel, E. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 99, 6601−6607 (1995). “Delayed Ionization and Delayed Atomic Ion Emission of Ti and V Metallocarbohedrenes: Evidence for Collective Electronic Effects,” B. D. May, S. F. Cartier and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 242, 265− 272 (1995). “Dynamics of Cluster Ionization Following Multiphoton Absorption of High Intensity Ultrafast Laser Pulses,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., E. M. Snyder, S. A. Buzza, J. Purnell and S. Wei, In Structures and Dynamics of Clusters, (T. Kondow, K. Kaya and A. Terasaki, Eds.), Universal Academy, Tokyo, pp 175−190 (1996). dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049



417. “Studies of Met-Car Adducts: Ti8C12+(M)n (M = halogens, π-bonding molecules and polar molecules), H. T. Deng, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 118, 446−450 (1996). 418. “Dynamics of Cluster Reactions and Ionization: From Semiconductor to Hydrogen-Bonded/van der Waals Systems,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., B. D. May, S. F. Cartier, K. P. Kerns, H. T. Deng, E. M. Snyder and S. A. Buzza, NATO ASI Series on Large Clusters of Atoms and Molecules, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 371−404 (1996). 419. “Gas Phase Reactions of Cl2O with NO−x=2,3·(D2O)n=0−2 and Cl−·(D2O)n=0−2,” H. Wincel, E. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 99, 15678−15685 (1995). 420. “Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Cage-Like Clusters: From Water to Met-Cars,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Atomic and Nuclear Clusters, (G. S. Anagnostatos and W. von Oertzen, Eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 160−166 (1995). 421. “Thermal Energy Reaction Rates of Titanium Monomer Cations,” R. S. MacTaylor, W. C. Vann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 100, 5329−5333 (1996). 422. “Real-Time Dynamics of Ammonia Clusters Excited Through the Ã State: Formation of the Protonated Cluster Ions,” E. M. Snyder, J. Purnell, S. Wei, S. A. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys., 207, 355− 366 (1996). 423. “Cage-Like Molecular Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., The Chemical Intelligencer, pp 46−47, October, 1995. 424. “Femtosecond Laser-Induced Coulomb Explosion of Ammonia Clusters,” E. M. Snyder, S. Wei, J. Purnell, S. A. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 248, 1−7 (1996). 425. “Gas-Phase Reactions of DNO3 with X−·(D2O)n, X = O, OD, O2, DO2 and O3,” H. Wincel, E. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 100, 7488−7493 (1996). 426. “Metastable Dissociation Study of Nitric Oxide Clusters,” Z. Shi, L. Poth, Q Zhong and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 101, 1099−1103 (1997). 427. “The Formation, Structure, and Reactivities of Niobium Oxide Cluster Ions,” H. T. Deng, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 100, 13387−13392 (1996). 428. “Intracluster Excited State and Ion−Molecule Reaction Dynamics of Weakly Bound Clusters,” S. A. Buzza, E. M. Snyder, D. A. Card, D. E. Folmer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Femtochemistry: Ultrafast Chemical and Physical Processes in Molecular Systems, (M. Chergui, Ed.), World Scientific, Singapore, pp 149−156 (1996). 429. “The Delayed Ionization and Atomic Ion Emission of Binary Metal Metallocarbohedrenes TixMyC12 (M = Zr, Nb; 0 ≤ y ≤ 4; x + y = 8),” S. F. Cartier, B. D. May and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 104, 3423−3432 (1996). 430. “The Oxidation Induced Formation of Met-Car Ions,” H. T. Deng, K. P. Kerns and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 104, 4862−4864 (1996). 431. “Further Direct Evidence for Stepwise Dissociation of Acetone and Acetone Clusters,” S. A. Buzza, E. M. Snyder and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 104, 5040−5047 (1996). 432. “Study of the Reaction of NO-Clusters with Water Using a Pickup Technique,” L. Poth, Z. Shi, Q. Zhong and A.

433. 434.

435.

436.

437.

438.

439.

440.

441. 442.

443.

444.

445.

8039

W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 154, 35−42 (1996). “On the Formation, Structure and Stabilities of Metallocarbohedrenes,” S. F. Cartier, B. D. May and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 100, 8175−8179 (1996). “Collision Induced Dissociation of Vanadium−Carbon Cluster Cations,” K. P. Kerns, B. C. Guo, H. T. Deng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 100, 16817−16821 (1996). “Delayed Ionization of and Delayed Atomic Emission from Metallocarbohedrenes,” B. D. May, S. F. Cartier and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Science and Technology of Atomically Engineered Materials, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, pp 207−214 (1996). “Observation of Atomic-Like Resonance in Multiphoton Ionization Spectra of (CaO)nCam and (MgO)nMgm Clusters,” M. Foltin, H. Sakurai and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Science and Technology of Atomically Engineered Materials, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, pp 257−262 (1996). “Reactivity of NO with Anionic Water Clusters A−· (X2O)n, A = O, OX, O2 and XO2, X = D and H. Formation of (NO)2 and N2O3 and Their Reactions,” H. Wincel, E. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 100, 16808−16816 (1996). “Clusters: Structure, Energetics, and Dynamics of Intermediate States of Matter,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and K. H. Bowen, Jr., Centennial Issue of J. Phys. Chem. 100, 12911−12944 (1996). “Femtosecond Excitation Dynamics of Acetone: Dissociation, Ionization and the Evolution of Multiply Charged Elemental Species,” S. A. Buzza, E. M. Snyder, D. A. Card, D. E. Folmer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 105, 7425−7431 (1996). “The Influence of Solvation on Ion-Molecule Reactions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Advances in Gas Phase Ion Chemistry, (L. M. Babcock and N. G. Adams, Eds.), JAI Press, CT, Vol. 3, pp 185−253 (1998). “Intense Field−Matter Interactions: Multiple Ionization Clusters,” E. M. Snyder, S. A. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Rev. Lett., 77, 3347−3349 (1996). “Reactions of Sodium/Antimony-Clusters with Molecular Chlorine in a Flow-Tube-Reactor Coupled to a Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer,” A. Hartmann, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and K. G. Weil, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 100, 1763−1765 (1996). “The Metastable Decay of Alkene Clusters After Photoionization,” L. Poth, Q. Zhong, J. V. Ford, Z. Shi and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Resonant Ionization Spectroscopy 1996, (N. Winograd and J. Parks, Eds.), Institute of Physics Series, AIP Press, pp 383−386 (1997). “Clusters in Intense Laser Fields: Multiple Ionization and Coulomb Explosion,” E. M. Snyder, D. A. Card, D. E. Folmer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Resonant Ionization Spectroscopy 1996, (N. Winograd and J. Parks, Eds.), Institute of Physics Series, AIP Press, 379−382 (1997). “Observation of Atomic-Like Resonance in Multiphoton Ionization Spectra of the Metal-Rich Magnesium-Oxide, Calcium-Oxide and Barium-Oxide Clusters,” M. Foltin, H. Sakurai and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Resonant Ionization Spectroscopy 1996, (N. Winograd and J. dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049


446. 447. 448. 449.

450.

451.

452. 453. 454.

455.

456.

457.

458.

459. 460.


461. “Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Coulomb Explosion Processes,” (Also wrote the Foreword) L. Poth and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 4075−4081 (1998). 462. “Structure, Reactivity, and Magnetism: Adsorption of NH3 around Nin,” B. Chen, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 304, 423−428 (1999). 463. “Ionization Potentials for the Titanium, Zirconium, and Mixed Metal Met-Cars,” H. Sakurai and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 10486−10492 (1998). 464. “From Molecules to Materials: Current Trends and Future Directions,” A. P. Alivisatos, P. F. Barbara, A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chang, D. A. Dixon, M. L. Klein, G. L. McLendon, J. S. Miller, M. A. Ratner, P. J. Rossky, S. I. Stupp and M. E. Thompson, Adv. Mater., 10, 1297−1336 (1998). 465. “Arresting Intermediate States in a Chemical Reaction on a Femtosecond Time Scale: Proton Transfer in Model Base Pairs,” D. E. Folmer, L. Poth, E. S. Wisniewski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 287, 1−7 (1998). 466. “The Formation of TiO(H2O)n+ Cluster Ions,” H. T. Deng, K. P. Kerns, G. C. Guo, R. C. Bell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Special issue of Croatica Chemica Acta, (N. Kallay, Ed.), The Croatian Chemical Society, Vol. 71, 1105−1116 (1998). 467. “Reactions of Iodine Oxide and Iodine Oxoacid Anion Species with Nitric Acid,” R. S. MacTaylor, J. J. Gilligan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 179/180, 327−335 (1998). 468. “Femtosecond Dissociation Dynamics of Methyl Iodide Clusters,” L. Poth, Q. Zhong, J. V. Ford and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 109, 4791−4797 (1998). 469. “Charge Stripping Effects from Highly Charged Iodine Ions Formed from Coulomb Explosion of CH3I Clusters,” L. Poth, Q. Zhong, J. V. Ford and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys., 239, 309−315 (1998). 470. “Gas-Phase Reactions of Nickel and Nickel-Rich Oxide Cluster Anions with Nitric Oxide. 2. The Addition of Nitric Oxide, Oxidation of Nickel Clusters, and the Formation of Nitrogen Oxide Anions,” W. D. Vann, R. L. Wagner and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 8804−8811 (1998). 471. “Ten Years of Femtochemistry: A Historical Perspective,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 102, 4021 (1998). 472. “Gas Phase Chemistry of Vanadium Oxide Cluster Cations. 1. Reactions with C2F6 and CH3−CF3,” R. C. Bell, K. A. Zemski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 102, 8293−8299 (1998). 473. “Molecular Activation by Surface Coordination: A New Model for HCl Reactivity on Water-Ice Polar Stratospheric Clouds,” R. S. MacTaylor, J. J. Gilligan, D. J. Moody and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 103, 4196−4201 (1999). 474. “Probing Single Nanometer-Scale Particles with Scanning Tunneling Microsopcy and Spectroscopies,” G. S. McCarty, J. C. Love, J. G. Kushmerick, L. F. Charles, C. D. Keating, B. J. Toleno, M. E. Lyn, A. W. Castleman, Jr., M. J. Natan and P. S. Weiss, J. Nanopart. Res., 1 (4), 459−466 (1999). 475. “Ultrafast Dissociation Dynamics of Acetone: A Revisit to the S1 State and 3s Rydberg State,” Q. Zhong, L. Poth and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 110, 192−196 (1999).

Parks, Eds.), Institute of Physics Series, AIP Press, pp 241−244 (1997). “Photodissociation of Binary Metal Metallocarbohedrenes,” B. D. May, S. E. Kooi, B. J. Toleno and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 106, 2231−2238 (1997). “Intracluster Polymerization Reactions of Alkene Cluster Ions,” Q. Zhong, L. Poth, Z. Shi, J. V. Ford and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 101, 4203−4208 (1997). “Gas Phase Reactions of ClONO2 with Cl−(D2O)n=0−3 and NO2−,” H. Wincel, E. Mereand and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 101, 8248−8254 (1997). “Proton and Hydrogen Atom Transfer in Hydrogen Bonded Clusters: Ammonia as a Paradigm,” E. M. Snyder and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 107, 744−750 (1997). “Oxidation Induced Ionization and Reactions of Metal Carbide Clusters (Nb, Zr, V, Ta),” H. T. Deng, K. P. Kerns, R. Bell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 167/168, 615−625 (1997). “Covariance Mapping of Ammonia Clusters: Evidence of the Connectiveness of Clusters with Coulombic Explosion,” D. A. Card, D. E. Folmer, S. Sato, S. A. Buzza and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 101, 3417−3423 (1997). “A Technique for Efficiently Generating Bimetallic Clusters,” R. L. Wagner, W. D. Vann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 68, 3010 (1997). “Titanium−Carbon Clusters: New Evidence for High Stability of Neutral Met-Cars,” H. Sakurai and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 100, 7695−7698 (1997). “Metallocarbohedrenes: The Quest for New Materials,” B. J. Toleno, H. Sakurai, S. E. Kooi, J. L. Baling, M. E. Lyn and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Ninth International Conference on High Temperature Materials Chemistry, (K. E. Spear, Ed.), Electrochemical Society, NJ, pp 637−647 (1997). “Bimetallic Clusters: Insights into Reactions of Subnanoscale Surfaces,” R. L. Wagner, W. D. Vann, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Ninth International Conference on High Temperature Materials Chemistry, (K. E. Spear, Ed.), Electrochemical Society, NJ, pp 737−745 (1997). “Nickel Oxide Cluster Reactions with Nitric Oxide,” W. D. Vann, R. L. Wagner, A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Ninth International Conference on High Temperature Materials Chemistry, (K. E. Spear, Ed.), Electrochemical Society, NJ, pp 731−736 (1997). “Gas-Phase Reactions of Nickel Oxide Clusters with Nitric Oxide. 1. Formation of Nitrogen Dioxide on Nickel Oxide Cluster Anions,” W. D. Vann, R. L. Wagner and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 1708− 1718 (1998). “Reactivities and Collision Induced Dissociation of Vanadium Oxide Cluster Cations,” R. C. Bell, K. A. Zemski, K. P. Kerns, H. T. Deng and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 1733−1742 (1998). “Dissociation Dynamics of the HCl Dimer Ion,” Q. Zhong, L. Poth, J. V. Ford and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 286, 305−310 (1998). “Delayed Ionization in Transition Metal−Carbon Clusters: Further Evidence for the Role of Thermionic Emission,” S. E. Kooi and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 108, 8864−8869 (1998). 8040




476. “Gas-Phase Reactions of Nickel and Nickel Oxide Clusters with Nitrogen Oxides. 3. Reactions of Cations with Nitric Oxide,” W. D. Vann, Rich Bell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 103, 10846−10850 (1999). 477. “Dissociation Pathways of Sulfur Dioxide Clusters and Mixed Sulfur Dioxide−Water Clusters,” Q. Zhong, S. M. Hurley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 185/186/187, 905−911 (1999). 478. “Consideration of the Bimolecular Reaction Rates of D+(D2O)n with HCl,” R. S. MacTaylor, J. J. Gilligan, D. J. Moody and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 103, 2655−2658 (1999). 479. “Gas Phase Chemistry of Vanadium Oxide Cluster Cations. 2. Reactions with CH2F2,” R. C. Bell, K. A. Zemski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A 103, 2992−2998 (1999). 480. “The Interaction of Titanium−Carbon Cluster Fragments,” D. A. Card, D. E. Folmer, S. Kooi, S. Sato and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Eur. J. Phy. D, ISSPIC 1−4, 195−200, (1999). 481. “Femtosecond Laser Interactions with Methyl Iodide Clusters: Part 1. Coulomb Explosion at 795 nm,” J. V. Ford, Q. Zhong, L. Poth and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 110, 6257−6267 (1999). 482. “Gas Phase Reactions of Cl2O with X−(D2O)n=0−4 (X = O, OD, O2, DO2, and O3),” E. Mereand, H. Wincel and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 182/183, 31−44 (1999). 483. “Gas Phase Reactions of Nickel and Nickel Oxide Clusters with Nitrogen Dioxide. 4. A Continued Kinetic and Mechanistic Investigation of Nickel Cluster Reactions with NOx Gases,” W. D. Vann and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 103, 847−857 (1999). 484. “Reactivities of Tantalum Oxide Cluster Cations with Unsaturated Hydrocarbons,” K. A. Zemski, R. C. Bell and A. W. Castleman, Jr, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 184, 119−128 (1999). 485. “Femtosecond Laser Interactions with Methyl Iodide Clusters: Part 2. Coulomb Explosion at 397 nm,” J. V. Ford, L. Poth, Q. Zhong and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 192, 327−345 (1999). 486. “Cluster Ion Reactions: Insights into Processes of Atmospheric Significance,” R. S. MacTaylor and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Atmos. Chem., 36, 23−63 (2000). 487. “Gas Phase Chemistry of Vanadium Oxide Cluster Cations. 3. Reactions with CCl4,” R. C. Bell, K. A. Zemski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 103, 1585−1591 (1999). 488. “Size Specific Reactivities of Vanadium Oxide Cluster Cations,” R. C. Bell, K. A. Zemski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Cluster Sci., 10, 509−524 (1999). 489. “Latest Findings on the Photoionization of Met-Cars,” H. Sakurai, S. E. Kooi and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Cluster Sci., 10, 493−507 (1999). 490. “Photofragmentation of Vanadium Oxide Cations,” S. E. Kooi and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 103, 5671−5674 (1999). 491. “Adsorption of Methane Molecules on Neutral Titanium Met-Cars,” H. Sakurai and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 111, 1462−1466 (1999). 492. “Femtochemistry Uncovers the Nature of Electron Transfer Reactions,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Q. Zhong

493.

494.

495.

496.

497.

498.

499.

500.

501.

502.

503.

504.

8041

and S. M. Hurley, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 96, 4219− 4220 (1999). “Vanadium Oxide Complexes in Room-Temperature Chloroaluminate Molten Salts,” R. C. Bell, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and D. L. Thorn, Inorg. Chem., 38, 5709−5715 (1999). “Femtosecond Cluster Studies of the Solvated 7Azaindole Excited State Double Proton Transfer,” D. E. Folmer, E. S. Wisniewski, S. M. Hurley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 96, 12980− 12986 (1999). “Dehydrogenation of Ammonia by Early Transition Metals: Formation of Metal Nitride Clusters,” S. E. Kooi and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 315, 49−54 (1999). “Dynamics of the E State of HBr and DBr: Evidence for the Role of Tunneling,” S. M. Hurley, Q. Zhong and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 112, 4644−4647 (2000). “The Interplay Between the Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Aluminum Clusters: Model Systems as Building Blocks for Cluster Assembled Materials,” B. D. Leskiw and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 316, 31−36 (2000). “The Effects of Water Solvation of Double Proton Transfer Reactions,” D. E. Folmer, E. S. Wisniewski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Cluster and Nanostructure Interfaces, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Ed.s), World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, pp 489−494 (2000). “Excited State Double Proton Transfer in the 7Azaindole Dimer Revisited,” D. E. Folmer, E. S. Wisniewski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 318, 637−643 (2000). “Covariance Mapping Studies of 7-Azaindole Fragments,” D. A. Card, D. E. Folmer, E. S. Wisniewski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Cluster and Nanostructure Interfaces, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, pp 25−30 (2000). “Influence of Solvation on Ion Cluster Reactions,” J. J. Gilligan, B. D. Leskiw and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Cluster and Nanostructure Interfaces, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, pp 503−509 (2000). “The Interplay Between the Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Alumium Clusters,” B. D. Leskiw and A. W. Castleman, In Cluster and Nanostructure Interfaces, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, pp 517− 521 (2000). “Reactions of Group V Transition Metal Oxide Clusters with 1,3-Butadiene,” K. A. Zemski, R. C. Bell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Cluster and Nanostructure Interfaces, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, pp 535− 544 (2000). “Bulk Production, Isolation, and Characterization of Metallocarbohedrenes,” M. E. Lyn, G. S. McCarty, D. E. Bergeron, E. R. Statz, A. D. Korman, P. S. Weiss and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Cluster and Nanostructure Interfaces, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), World dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049


505.

506.

507. 508.

509. 510.

511.

512.

513.

514.

515.

516.

517.


518. “Direct Experimental Evidence for Reactions Between Dissolved Acid Halide and Chorine Nitrate,” J. Gilligan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 105, 1028− 1032 (2001). 519. “Acid Dissolution by Aqueous Surfaces and Ice: Insights from a Study of Water Cluster Ions, “ J. Gilligan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys. A, 105, 5601−5605 (2001). 520. “The Coulomb Explosion Imaging Method and Excited State Proton Transfer Reactions,” E. S. Wisniewski, J. R. Stairs, D. E. Folmer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Femtochemistry with the Nobel Lecture of A. Zewail, (F. C. De Schryver, S. DeFeyter and G. Schweitzer, Eds.), Wiley Publishers, pp 113−131 (2001) (ISBN 3-52730259-X). 521. “Solution Phase Cationic Niobium and Tantalum Alkoxide Clusters: Insights into Formation and Structure,” K. A. Zemski, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and D. L. Thorn, J. Phys. Chem. A, 105, 4633−4639 (2001). 522. “Relaxation Dynamics of Electronically Excited Nanoscale Metal−Carbon Complexes: Vanadium−Carbon Clusters,” S. E. Kooi, B. D. Leskiw and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Nano Lett., 1, 113−116 (2001). 523. “Reactions of Niobium and Tantalum Oxide Cluster Cations and Anions with n-Butane,” K. Zemski, D. Justes, R. Bell, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 105, 4410−4417 (2001). 524. “Excited State Dynamics in Metal Containing Clusters”, S. E. Kooi, B. D. Leskiw and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Proceedings of the 2000 Pan American Advanced Studies Institute, Angra dos Brazil, Published by Mexican Physical Society, (2000). 525. “Keeping Reactions under Quantum Control,” S. M. Hurley and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Science, 292, 648−649 (2001). 526. “A New Time-of-Flight Gating Method for Analyzing Kinetic Energy Release in Coulomb Exploded Clusters: Applications to Water Clusters,” E. S. Wisniewski, J. R. Stairs and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 212, 273−286 (2001). 527. “Calculation to Determine the Mass of Daughter Ions in Metastable Decay,” J. R. Stairs, T. E. Dermota, E. S. Wisniewski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 213, 81−89 (2002). 528. “Reactions of Group V Transition Metal Oxide Cluster Ions with Ethane and Ethylene,” K. A. Zemski, D. Justes and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 105, 10237− 10245 (2001). 529. “The Dynamics of Coulomb Explosion and Kinetic Energy Release in Clusters of Heterocyclic Compounds,” D. A. Card, E. S. Wisniewski, D. E. Folmer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 116 (9), 3554−3567 (2002). 530. “NH3 Adsorption around Nin (n ≤ 4) Clusters,” B. Chen, A. W. Castleman, Jr., C. Ashman and S. N. Khanna, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 220/2, 171−182 (2002). 531. “Met-Cars: A Unique Class of Molecular Clusters,” B. D. Leskiw and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Clusters as Precursors of Nano-objects: Comptes Rendus de l’Acadéemie des Sciences, 3, 251−272 (2002). 532. “Studies of Metal Oxide Clusters: Elucidating Reactive Sites Responsible for the Activity of Transition Metal Oxide Catalysts,” (invited feature article) K. A. Zemski,

Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, pp 455−460 (2000). “Ionization Dynamics of Transition Metal  Carbon Clusters,” S. E. Kooi, B. D. Leskiw and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Cluster and Nanostructure Interfaces, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, pp 511− 516 (2000). “Reactions of Tantalum Oxide Cluster Cations with 1Butene, 1,3-Butadiene, and Benzene,” K. A. Zemski, R. C. Bell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 104, 5732−5741 (2000). “An Ultrafast Glimpse of Cluster Solvation Effects on Reaction Dynamics,” Q. Zhong and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Rev., 100, 4039−4057 (2000). “Associative Ionization of Excited Sodium Species with Various Ligands: Assessing Relative Bonding Strengths of Ion-Ligand Interactions,” J. J. Gilligan, B. D. Leskiw, Z. Herman and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 204, 247−253 (2001). “Cluster Dynamics: Fast Reactions and Coulomb Explosion,” Lutz Poth and A. W. Castleman, Jr., invited overview, Am. Sci., 90 (4), 342−349 (2002). “Water Assisted Proton Transfer in the Monomer of 7Azaindole,” D. E. Folmer, E. S. Wisniewski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 104, 10545−10549, (2000). “Reactions of Protonated Water Clusters with Chlorine Nitrate Revisited,” J. J. Gilligan, D. J. Moody and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. Chem., 214 (10), 1383−1391 (2000). “Formation, Structure and Bond Dissociation Thresholds of Gas-Phase Vanadium Oxide Cluster Ions,” R. C. Bell, K. A. Zemski, D. R. Justes and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 114 (2), 798−811 (2001) “Reactivity and Electronic Structure of Aluminum Clusters: The Aluminum−Nitrogen System,” B. D. Leskiw, A. W. Castleman, Jr., C. Ashman, and S. N. Khanna, J. Chem. Phys., 114 (3), 1165−1169 (2001). “A Brief Summary of Reactions of Group V Transition Metal Oxide Cluster Ions with Butane,” K. A. Zemski, R. C. Bell, D. R. Justes, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., The Physics and Chemistry of Clusters: Proceedings of Nobel Symposium, (E. E. B. Campbell and M. Larsson, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, 117, pp 290−291 (2001) (ISBN 981-02-4529-7) “An Ultrafast Look at Cluster Dynamics,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., The Physics and Chemistry of Clusters: Proceedings of Nobel Symposium, (E. E. B. Campbell and M. Larsson, Eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, 117, pp 143−167 (2001) (ISBN 981-02-4529-7) “Femtosecond Lasers and Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry: A Valuable Marriage, “ A. W. Castleman, Jr., L. Poth and Q. Zhong, In Advances in Mass Spectrometry, (Emilio Gelpi, Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, LTD., Proceedings at the 15th IMSC, pp 193−218 (2001) (IBSN 0-471-89153-3). “Studies of Cluster Dynamics via Transient Spectroscopy and Coulomb Explosion,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., L. Poth and Q. Zhong, Proceedings for Pisa 2000, Italian Physical Society, Conference Proceedings, (N. Bolemberge, N. Rahman and A. Rizzo, Eds.) 71, pp 199−215, Pisa, 12−16 June, 2000 (ISSN 1122-1437). 8042



533.

534.

535.

536.

537.

538.

539. 540. 541.

542.

543.

544.

545.


546. “Met-Cars: Mass Deposition and Preliminary Structural Study via TEM,” L. Gao, M. E. Lyn, D. Bergeron and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., on Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies, 229, 11−17 (2003). 547. “Solvation Effects on the Properties and Reactivities of Ionic and Neutral Water Clusters,” J. J. Gilligan and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chapter in book entitled Water in Confining Geometries (V. Buch and J. P. Devlin, Eds.), Springer Verlag Series, pp 101−135 (2003) ( ISBN 3540-00411-4). 548. “Cluster and Nanoscale Science: Overview and Perspective,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and S. N. Khanna, In Quantum Phenomena in Clusters and Nanostructures, Springer Verlag Series in Cluster Physics, (2003) (ISBN 3-54000015-1). 549. “The Dynamics of Acid Dissolution in the Ground and Excited States,” S. M. Hurley, T. E. Dermota, D. P. Hydutsky and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Science, 298, 202− 204 (Oct. 2002). 550. “Photo Dissociation of SO2 Clusters,” S. M. Hurley, T. E. Dermota, D. P. Hydutsky and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 107, 3497−3502 (2003). 551. “V2O5+ Reactions with C2H4 and C2H6: Theoretical Considerations of Experimental Findings,” D. R. Justes, A. W. Castleman, Jr., R. Mitrić and V. Bonačić-Koutecký, Eur. Phys. J., 24, 331−334 (2003). 552. “Chemical Formation of Neutral Complexes from Charged Metal Clusters: Reactions of Pre-Formed Aluminum Cluster Anions with Methyl-Iodide,” D. E. Bergeron and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 371, 189−193 (2003). 553. “The Ultrafast Dynamics of HBr−Water Clusters: Influences on Ion-Pair Formation,” S. M. Hurley, T. E. Dermota, D. P. Hydutsky and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 118 (20), 9272−9277 (2003). 554. “Ultrafast Dynamics of Acetone  Water Clusters; The Influence of Solvation,” S. M. Hurley, T. E. Dermota, D. P. Hydutsky and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 228, 677−686 (2003). 555. “Theoretical and Experimental Consideration of the Reactions between VxOy+ and Ethylene,” D. R. Justes, R. Mitric, N. A. Moore, V. Bonacic-Koutecky and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 6289−6299 (2003). 556. “Appearance of Bulk Properties in Small Tungsten Oxide Clusters?,” Q. Sun, B. K. Rao, P. Jena, D. Stolcic, Y. D. Kim, G. Gantefö, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 121 (19), 9417−9422 (2004). 557. “Delayed Ionization of the Zirconium Met-Car, Zr8C12,” J. R. Stairs, K. M. Davis, S. J. Peppernick and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 119 (15), 7857−7863 (2003). 558. “Reactions of Boron Cluster Anions: Implication of SiteSpecific Chemical Neutralization Pathways,” D. E. Bergeron and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 230, 71−74 (2003). 559. “Photodissociation of Sulfur Dioxide: The Ẽ State Revisited,” K. L. Knappenberger and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 108, 9−14 (2004). 560. “Probing the Dynamics of Ionization Processes in Clusters,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and T. E. Dermota, In Proceedings ISACC 2003 Conference, Latest Advances in Atomic Cluster Collisions Fission, Fusion, Electron, Ion and

D. R. Justes and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 106, 6136−6148 (2002). “Reverse Field Technique to Study Delayed Ionization in Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry,” J. R. Stairs and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 216, 75−83 (2002). “Dynamics of Gas Phase Clusters: Insights into Size and Solvation Effects on Electronic Relaxation and Hydrogen Transfer,” E. Wisniewski, B. Leskiw, S. Hurley, T. Dermota, D. Hydutsky, K. Knappenberger, Jr., M. A. Hershberger and A. W. Castleman, Jr., World Scientif ic, In Femtochemistry and Femtobiology: Ultrafast Dynamics in Molecular Science, (Abderrazzak Douhal and Jesus Santamaria, Eds.), pp 21−41 (2002). “The Relationship between Covariance and AntiCovariance Mapping,” D. Card, E. Wisniewski, D. Folmer and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 223−224, 355−363 (2003) “Reactions of Vanadium Oxide Cluster Ions with Xylene Isomers,” D. Justes, K. Zemski, R. Bell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proceedings 49th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Chicago, Illinois, May 27− 31, 2001 “Solvation Effects on Electronic Excited States of Methanol: A Study of Neat and Mixed Methanol/ Water Clusters,” E. S. Wisniewski, M. A. Hershberger and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 116 (13), 5738− 5745 (2002). “Cluster Dynamics: Influences of Solvation and Aggregation,” Q. Zhong and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Quantum Phenomena in Clusters and Nanostructures, Springer Verlag Series in Cluster Physics, (S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Eds.) (2003) (ISBN 3-54000015-1). “Reactions of Vanadium Oxide Cluster Ions with 1,3Butadiene and Isomers of Butene,” R. C. Bell and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 106, 9893−9899 (2002). “Femtosecond Photodissociation Dynamics of Excited State SO2,” E. S. Wisniewski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 106, 10843−10848 (2002). “Insights into the Stability of Silicon Cluster Ions: Reactive Etching with O2,” D. E. Bergeron and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 117 (7), 3219−3223 (2002). “Metastable Dissociation of the Zirconium Met-Cars, Zr8C12, and Connections to the Production of the Delayed Atomic Ion,” J. R. Stairs, K. M. Davis and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 117 (9), 4371−4375 (2002). “Relaxation Dynamics of Electronically Excited Vanadium−Carbon Clusters: Excitation of Met-Cars,” B. D. Leskiw, K. L. Knappenberger and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 117 (18), 8321−8326 (Nov. 2002). “Comparison of Methyl and Hydroxyl Protons Generated in a Coulomb Explosion Event: Application of a Time-of-Flight Gating Technique to Methanol Clusters,” E. S. Wisniewski and A. W. Castleman, Jr., special issue of Int. J. Mass Spectrom. devoted to Gaseous Ion Thermochemistry and Solvation, 227, 577−585 (2003). “Predicted Infrared and Raman Spectra for Neutral Ti8C12 Isomers,” T. Baruah, M. Pederson, L. Lyn and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Rev. A, 66, 053201 (2002). 8043



561. 562.

563.

564.

565.

566.

567. 568. 569.

570.

571.

572.

573.


574. “Formation and Properties of Halogenated Aluminum Clusters,” D. E. Bergeron, A. W. Castleman, Jr., T. Morisato and S. N. Khanna, J. Chem. Phys., 121, 10456− 10466 (2004). 575. “Al Cluster Superatoms as Halogens in Polyhalides and as Alkaline Earths in Iodide Salts,” D. E. Bergeron, P. J. Roach, A. W. Castleman, Jr., N. O. Jones and S. N. Khanna, Science, 307, 231−235 (2005). 576. “Photodissociation of (SO2)m(H2O)n Clusters,” K. L. Knappenberger, Jr. and A. W. Castleman, Jr. J. Chem. Phys., 122, 154306 (2005). 577. “Reactions of A1nIx− with Methyl Iodide: The Enhanced Stability of A17I− and the Chemical Significance of Active Centers,” D. E. Bergeron, P. J. Roach, A. W. Castleman, Jr., N. O. Jones and S. N. Khanna, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127, 16048−16053 (2005). 578. “Association of C3H6 to Aluminum Cluster Anions,” D. E. Bergeron, A. W. Castleman, Jr., N. O. Jones and S. N. Khanna, Chem. Phys. Lett., 415, 230−233 (2005). 579. “Excited-State Dynamics of (SO2)m Clusters,” T. E. Dermota, D. P. Hydutsky, N. J. Bianco and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A 109, 8259−8267 (2005). 580. “Ultrafast Dynamics of the SO2(H2O)n Cluster System,” T. E. Dermota, D. P. Hydutsky, N. J. Bianco and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 109, 8254−8258 (2005). 581. “Photo-Induced Ion-Pair Formation in the (HI)m(H2O)n Cluster System,” T. E. Dermota, D. P. Hydutsky, N. J. Bianco and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 123, 214308 (2005). 582. “Structural, Electronic, and Chemical Properties of Multiply Iodized Aluminum Clusters,” N. O. Jones, S. N. Khanna, D. E. Bergeron, P. J. Roach and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 124, 154311 (2006). 583. “A Density Functional Study of the Structural, Electronic, Magnetic and Vibrational Properties of Ti8C12 Metallocarbohedrenes,” M. A. Sobhy, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and J. O. Sofo, J. Chem. Phys., 123, 154106 (2005). 584. “Influence of Charge State on the Mechanism of CO Oxidation on Gold Clusters,” N. M. Reilly, G. E. Johnson, M. L. Kimble, A. W. Castleman Jr., C. Bürgel, R. Mitrić and V. Bonačić-Koutecký, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 1694−1698 (2008). 585. “Metal−Carbon Clusters: The Origin of the Delayed Atomic Ion,” K. M. Davis, S. J. Peppernick and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 124, 164304 (2006). 586. “Clusters  A Bridge across Disciplines,” A. W. Castelman, Jr. and P. Jena, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 103, 28, 2006. 587. “Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Investigation of Diniobium−Carbon Clusters,” K. L. Knappenberger, Jr., P. A. Clayborne, M. A. Sobhy, C. E. Jones, Jr., U. U. Gupta, S. N. Khanna, I. Iordanov, J. Sofo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., ACS Nano, 1, 4, 319−326 (2007). 588. “Interactions of CO with AunOm− (n ≥ 4),” M. L. Kimble, A. W. Castleman, Jr., C. Bürgel, and V. BonačićKoutecký, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 254, 163−167, (2006) 589. “Multiple Valence Superatoms,” J. Ulises Reveles, S. N. Khanna, P. J. Roach and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 103 (49), 18405−18410 (2006). 590. “Analysis of Titanium Nanoparticles Created by Laser Irradiation under Liquid Environments,” J. S. Golightly

Photon Impact, (Jean-Patrick Connerade and Andrey Solov’yov, Eds.), World Scientific, pp 253−269 (2004) (ISBN 1-86094-495-7). “Ultrafast Dynamics in Cluster Systems,” T. E. Dermota, Q. Zhong and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Rev., 104, 1861−1886 (2004). “Time Resolved Fluence Studies and Delayed Ionization of the Niobium−Carbon Cluster System”, J. R. Stairs, S. J. Peppernick, K. M. Davis and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Isr. J. Chem., 44, Jortner part b, 223−228 (2004). “Reactivity of Atomic Gold Anions toward Oxygen and the Oxidation of CO: Experiment and Theory,” M. L. Kimble, A. W. Castleman, Jr., R. Mitrić, C. Bürgel and V. Bonačić-Koutecký, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126 2526−2535 (2004). “Probing the Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide Utilizing Aun−,” M. L. Kimble and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Proceedings at the Gold 2003: New Industrial Applications for Gold Conference, Vancouver, Canada, September 28− October 1, 2003. “Gas-Phase Studies of AunOm+ for the Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide,” (Also contributed to the Foreword) M. L. Kimble and A. W. Castleamn, Jr., Int. J. Mass. Spectrom., 233, 99−101 (2004). “Cluster Size Effects on Bound Excited States of SO2,” T. E. Dermota, D. P. Hydutsky, N. J. Bianco and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Femtochemistry and Femtobiology: Ultrafast Events in Molecular Science, (Monique M. Martin and James T. Hynes, Eds.) Elsevier, (2004) (ISBN 0-444-51656-5). “Stable Cluster Motifs for Nanoscale Chromium Oxide Materials,” D. E. Bergeron, A. W. Castleman, Jr., N. Jones and S. Khanna, Nano Lett., 4, 261−265 (2004) “Reactions of Vanadium and Niobium Oxides with Methanol,” D. R. Justes, N. A. Moore and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 3855−3862 (2004). “Formation of Al13I−: Evidence for the Superhalogen Character of Al13,” D. E. Bergeron, A. W. Castleman, Jr., T. Morisato and S. N. Khanna, Science, 304, 84−87 (2004). “Elucidating Mechanistic Details of Catalytic Reactions Utilizing Gas Phase Clusters,” M. L. Kimble, D. R. Justes, N. A. Moore and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Clusters and Nano-Assemblies, Physical and Biological Systems, ISCANA Proceedings, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao, Eds.), pp 127−134 (2005) (ISBN 981-256-331-8). “Fundamental Cluster Studies of Materials and Atmospheric Chemistry,” D. P. Hydutsky, D. E. Bergeron, T. E. Dermota, J. R. Stairs, K. L. Knappenberger, Jr., K. M. Davis, C. E. Jones, Jr., M. A. Sobhy, N. J. Bianco, S. J. Peppernick and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Clusters and NanoAssemblies, Physical and Biological Systems, ISCANA Proceedings, (P. Jena, S. N. Khanna and B. K. Rao), pp 81−87 (2005) (ISBN 981-256-331-8). “The Influence of Cluster Formation on the Photodissociation of Sulfur Dioxide: Excitation to the E State,” K. L. Knappenberger, Jr. and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 121, 3540−3549 (2004). “A Kinetic Analysis of the Reaction between (V2O5)n=1,2+ and Ethylene,” N. A. Moore, R. Mitrić, D. R. Justes, V. Bonačić-Koutecký, and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 3015−3022 (2006). 8044



591.

592. 593.

594.

595.

596.

597.

598.

599.

600.

601.

602.

603.

604.


and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 19979− 19984 (2006). “Silicon Oxide Nanoparticles Reveal the Origin of Silicate Grains in Circumstellar Environments,” A. C. Reber, P. A. Clayborne, J. U. Reveles, S. N. Khanna, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and A. Ali, Nano Lett., 6, 1190−1195 (2006). “Clusters  A Bridge across Disciplines: Physics and Chemistry,” Puru Jena and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 103 (28), 10560 (2006). “Clusters  A Bridge across Disciplines: Environment, Materials Science, and Biology,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and Puru Jena, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 103 (28), 10554 (2006). “Formation of Silicate Grains in Circumstellar Environments: Experiment, Theory and Observations,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., A. C. Reber, P. A. Clayborne, J. U. Reveles, S. N. Khanna and A. Ali, Proceedings of the 2006 NASA Laboratory Astrophysics Workshop, NASA/CP2006-214549 (NASA LAW), UNLV, Las Vegas, pp 144−149, February 14−16, 2006. “Joint Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of the Reactivity of Au2On− and Au3On− (n = 1−5) with Carbon Monoxide,” M. L. Kimble, N. A. Moore, G. E. Johnson, A. W. Castleman, Jr., C. Bürgel, R. Mitrić and V. Bonačić-Koutecký, J. Chem. Phys., 125, 204311 (2006). “From Designer Clusters to Synthetic Crystalline NanoAssemblies,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., S. N. Khanna, A. Sen, A. C. Reber, K. M. Davis, S. J. Peppernick, A. Ugrinov and M. D. Merritt, Nano Lett., 7 (9), 2734−2741 (2007). “Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Investigation of Vanadium Carbide Clusters,” K. L. Knappenberger, Jr., C. E. Jones, Jr., M. A. Sobhy, I. Iordanov, J. Sofo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem A, 110, 12814−12821 (2006). “A Versatile Cluster Based Photoelectron Spectrometer,” K. L. Knappenberger, Jr., C. E. Jones, Jr., M. A. Sobhy and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 77, 123901 (2006). “Reactivity of Anionic Gold Oxide Clusters towards CO: Experiment and Theory,” M. L. Kimble, N. A. Moore, A. W. Castleman, Jr., C. Bürgel, R. Mitrić and V. BonačićKoutecký, Eur. Phys. J. D, 43, 205−208 (2007). “Influence of Charge State on the Reaction of FeO3± with Carbon Monoxide,” N. M. Reilly, J. U. Reveles, G. E. Johnson, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 435, 295−300 (2007). “Recent Advances in Cluster Science,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Eur. J. Mass Spectrom., Proceedings for the Advances in Mass Spectrometry for the 17th IMSC, 13, 7−11 (2007). “Superatoms: Building Blocks of New Materials,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and S. N. Khanna, The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces; Volume 12, Atomic Clusters: From Gas Phase to Deposited, (Phil Woodruff, Ed.), Elsevier, Vol. 12, pp 409−425 (2007) (ISBN 978-0-444-52756-1). Femtochemistry VII: Fundamental Ultrafast Processes in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology, (A. W. Castleman, Jr. and Michele L. Kimble, Eds.), Elsevier, (2006) (ISBN 0-44452821-0). “Electron Dynamics of Metal−Carbon Clusters,” K. L. Knappenberger, Jr., C. E. Jones, Jr., M. A. Sobhy and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Femtochemistry VII: Fundamental

605.

606.

607.

608.

609. 610.

611.

612. 613.

614.

615.

616.

8045

Ultrafast Processes in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology, (A. W. Castleman, Jr. and Michele L. Kimble, Eds.), Elsevier, pp 33−38 (2006) (ISBN 0-444-52821-0). “A Density-Functional Study of the Structural, Electronic, And Vibrational Properties of Ti8C12 Metallocarbohedrynes with Relevance to Ultrafast TimeResolved Spectroscopy,” M. A. Sobhy, J. O. Sofo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Femtochemistry VII: Fundamental Ultrafast Processes in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology, (A. W. Castleman, Jr. and Michele L. Kimble, Eds.), Elsevier, pp 80−86 (2006) (ISBN 0-444-52821-0). “Multi-component Fitting of Cluster Dynamics,” K. L. Knappenberger, Jr. and A. W. Castleman, Jr. Femtochemistry VII: Fundamental Ultrafast Processes in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology, (A. W. Castleman, Jr. and Michele L. Kimble, Eds.), Elsevier, pp 105−108 (2006) (ISBN 0444-52821-0). “Photodissociation of SO2 at 200 nm: Evidence of an Anisotropy Effect,” D. P. Hydutsky, N. J. Baianco and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Femtochemistry VII: Fundamental Ultrafast Processes in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology, (A. W. Castleman, Jr. and Michele L. Kimble, Eds.), Elsevier, pp 109−112 (2006) (ISBN 0-444-52821-0). “On the Magic Character of Al6Au−,” M. L. Kimble, A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. U. Reveles and S. N, Khanna, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., In honor and memory of Prof. Dr. Jaroslav Koutecky, 72 (2), 185−196 (2007). “Photoelectron Imaging of Copper and Silver Mono and Di-Amine Anions,” M. A. Sobhy and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 126, 154314 (2007). “Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Structure and Reactivity of Fe1−2O≤6− Clusters with CO,” Nelly M. Reilly, J. Ulises Reveles, Grant E. Johnson, Shiv N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 111, 4158−4166 (2007). “Superatom Compounds, Clusters and Assemblies: Ultra Alkali Motifs and Novel Architectures,” A. C. Reber, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129, 10189−10194 (2007). “Synthesis of Zirconium Nanoparticles by Ultrafast Laser Albation,” J. Golightly and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Z. Phys. Chem., 221, 1455−1468 (2007). “Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Structure and Reactivity of Fe1−2O1−5+ with CO,” Nelly M. Reilly, J. Ulises Reveles, Grant E. Johnson, Jorge M. del Campo, Shiv N. Khanna, Andreas M. Kö ster and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 19086−19097 (2007). “Al4H7−: A Resilient Building Block for Aluminum Hydrogen Cluster Materials,” P. J. Roach, A. C. Reber, W. H. Woodward, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 104 (37), 14565−14569 (2007). “Impact of Swapping Ethyl for Phenyl Groups on Diphosphine Protected Undecagold,” J. S. Golightly, L. Gao, A. W. Castleman, Jr., D. E. Bergeron, J. W. Hudgens, R. J. Magyar and C. A. Gonzalez, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 14625−14627 (2007). “Spin Accommodation and Reactivity of Aluminum Based Clusters with O2,” A. C. Reber, S. N. Khanna, P. J. Roach, W. H. Woodward and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129, 16098−1601 (2007). dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049



631. “Effect of Charge and Composition on the Structural Fluxionality and Stability of Nine Atom Tin−Bismuth Zintl Analogs,” U. Gupta, A. C. Reber, P. A. Clayborne, J. J. Melko, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Inorg. Chem., 47, 10953−10958 (2008). 632. “Clusters, Superatoms and Building Blocks of New Materials,” A. W. Castleman, Jr. and S. N. Khanna, Invited Featured Article for J. Phys. Chem., 113, 2664− 2675 (2009). 633. “Complementary Active Sites Are Responsible for the Size-Selected Reactivity of Aluminum Cluster Anion with Water,” P. J. Roach, W. H. Woodward, A. W. Castleman, Jr., A. C. Reber and S. N. Khanna Science, 323, 492−495 (2009). 634. “Photoelectron Imaging and Theoretical Investigation of Bimetallic Bi1−2Ga0−2− and Lead Pb1−4− Cluster Anions,” M. A. Sobhy, J. Ulises Reveles, U. Gupta, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 130, 054304 (2009). 635. “Influence of Charge State on Catalytic Oxidation Reactions at Metal Oxide Clusters Containing Radical Oxygen Centers,” G. E. Johnson, E. C. Tyo, A. W. Castleman, Jr., R. Mitrić, M. Nößler and V. BonačićKoutecký, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 5460−5470 (2009). 636. “Cluster-Assembled Materials,” S. A. Claridge, A. W. Castleman, Jr., S. N. Khanna, C. B. Murray, A. Sen and P. S. Weiss, ACS Nano, 3, 2 244−255 (2009). 637. “Clusters as Model Systems for Investigating Nanoscale Oxidation Catalysis,” G. E. Johnson, R. Mitrić, V. Bonačić-Koutecký and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 479, 1−9 (2009). 638. “Large Effect of a Small Substitution: Competition of Dehydration with Charge Retention and Coulomb Explosion in Gaseous [(bipyR)Au(μ-O)2Au(bipyR)]2+ Dications”, E. C. Tyo, A. W. Castleman, Jr., D. Schröder, P. Milko, J. Roithova, J. Lemaire, P. Maitre, J. Ortega, M. Cinellu, F. Cocco and G. Minghetti, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 13009−13019 (2009). 639. “Reactivity Trends in the Oxidation of CO by Anionic Transition Metal Oxide Clusters”, G. E. Johnson, J. U. Reveles, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 5438−5446 (2010). 640. “Superatom Spectroscopy and Evidence of the Electronic State Correlation Between Elements and Isoelectronic Molecular Counterparts”, S. J. Peppernick, K. D. Gunaratne and A. W. Castleman, Jr. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 107 (3), 975−980 (2010). 641. “Electron Delocalization in a Non-Cyclic All-Metal III−V Cluster,” U. Gupta, J. U. Reveles, J. J. Melko, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 480, 189−192 (2009). 642. “Effect of Carbon Concentration on Changing the Morphology of Titanium Carbide Nanoparticles from Cubic to Cuboctahedron,” D. Grove, U. Gupta and A. W. Castleman, Jr., ACS Nano, 4 (1), 49−54 (2010). 643. “A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study of AlnX (n = 1−6, X = As, Sb) Clusters: Evidence of Aromaticity and the Jellium Model,” J. J. Melko, P. A. Clayborne, C. E. Jones, Jr., J. U. Reveles, U. Gupta, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 114, 2045−2052 (2010). 644. “Crystal Field Effects on the Reactivity of Aluminum− Copper Cluster Anions,” P. J. Roach, W. H. Woodward,

617. “The Reactivity of Gas Phase Metal Oxide Clusters: Systems for Understanding the Mechanisms of Heterogeneous Catalysts,” N. M. Reilly, G. E. Johnson and A. W. Castleman, Jr., book chapter in Model Systems in Catalysis: From Single Crystals and Size-Selected Clusters to Supported Enzyme Mimics, (R. M. Rioux, Ed.), Springer Science, pp 293−317 (2010) (DOI 10.1007/978-0-38798049-2_14). 618. “AlnBi Clusters: Transitions Between Aromatic and Jellium Stability,” C. E. Jones, Jr., P. A. Clayborne, J. U. Reveles, J. J. Melko, U. Gupta, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 112, 13316−13325 (2008). 619. “The Photodissociation of SO2 between 200 and 197 nm,” D. P. Hydutsky, N. J. Bianco and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys., 350, 212−219 (2008). 620. “From SiO Molecules to Silicates in Circumstellar Space: Atomic Structures, Growth Patterns, and Optical Signatures of SinOm Nanoparticles,” A. C. Reber, S. Paranthaman, P. A. Clayborne, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., ACS Nano, 2, 1729−1737 (2008). 621. “Oxidation of CO by Aluminum Oxide Cluster Ions in the Gas Phase,” G. E. Johnson, E. C. Tyo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 112, 4732−4735(2008). 622. “Electronic Structure of Bi3Gay(−) Semiconductor Cluster and the Special Stability of Bi3Ga2−  A Gas Phase Zintl Analog,” U. Gupta, J. U. Reveles, J. J. Melko, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 467, 223−229 (2009). 623. “Cluster Reactivity Experiments: Employing Mass Spectrometry to Investigate the Molecular Level Details of Catalytic Oxidation Reactions,” G. E. Johnson, E. C. Tyo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 105, 18108−18113 (2008). 624. “Gas-Phase Reactivity of Gold Oxide Cluster Cations with CO,” G. E. Johnson, E. C. Tyo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, 9730−9736 (2008). 625. “Photochemistry and Solvation of HI(H2O)n Clusters: Evidence of Biradical Formation,” D. P. Hydutsky, N. J. Bianco and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 476, 15−18 (2009). 626. “Stability and Magnetic Properties of TM2Sin (TM=Cr, Mn, ≤n ≤ 8) Clusters,” R. Robles, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys Rev. B, 77, 235441 (2008). 627. “Stoichiometric Zirconium Oxide Cations as Potential Building Blocks for Cluster Assembled Catalysts,” G. E. Johnson, E. C. Tyo, A. W. Castleman, Jr., R. Mitrić and V. Bonačić-Koutecký, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 13912− 13920 (2008). 628. “Effect of Charge State and Stoichiometry on the Structure and Reactivity of Nickel Oxide Clusters with CO,” G. E. Johnson, N. M. Reilly and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 280, 93−100 (2009). 629. “Structural Evolution in Triniobium Carbide Clusters: Evidence of Large Cn Chains (n = 3−4) in Nb3Cn− (n = 5−10) Clusters,” P. A. Clayborne, C. E. Jones, Jr., U. Gupta, J. J. Melko, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 114, 1290−1297 (2010). 630. “Influence of Stoichiometry and Charge State on the Structure and Reactivity of Cobalt Oxide Clusters with CO,” G. E. Johnson, J. U. Reveles, N. M. Reilly, E. C. Tyo, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 112, 11330−11340 (2008). 8046



645.

646.

647.

648.

649.

650. 651.

652.

653.

654.

655.

656.

657.

658.


A. C. Reber, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Rev. B, 81, 195404−195405 (2010). “Reactions of Formic Acid with Protonated Water Clusters: Implications of Cluster Growth in the Atmosphere,” E. G. Goken and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Geophys. Res., 115, D16203 (2010). “The Relative Abundances of Silicon Hydride Clusters, SinHx− (n = 8 − 12 and O ≤ x ≤ 25), Investigated with High Resolution Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry,” S. J. Peppernick, K. D. Gunaratne and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 290, 65−71 (2010). “Photoelectron Imaging of Small Silicon Cluster Anions, Sin− (n = 2−7),” S. J. Peppernick, K. D. Gunaratne, S. Sayres and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 132, 44302 (2010). “Generation of Radical Centers in Binary Neutral Metal Oxide Clusters for Catalytic Oxidation Reactions,” M. Nößler, R. Mitrić, V. Bonačić-Koutecký, G. E. Johnson, E. Tyo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 49, 407 (2010). “Reactivity of Aluminum Cluster Anions with Water: Origins of Reactivity and Mechanisms for H2 Release,” A. C. Reber, S. N. Khanna, P. J. Roach, W. H. Woodward and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 114, 6071− 6081 (2010). “Ultrafast Ionization and Fragmentation of Molecular Silane”, S. G. Sayres, M. W. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Rev. A, 82, 033424 (2010). “Origins of Stability in Mixed Bismuth−Indium Clusters”, U. Gupta, R. J. Ulises, J. Melko, S. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 15963− 15972 (2010). “Towards Comprehending the Superatomic State of Matter,” S. J. Peppernick, K. D. D. Gunaratne and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Invited Frontier Research in Molecular Sciences, Materials and Biological Systems, Chem. Phys. Lett., 489, 1−11 (2010). “Strong-Field Ionization and Dissociation Studies of Small Early Transition Metal Oxide Clusters,” D.E. Blumling, S.G. Sayres and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 300, 74−80 (2011). “The Effect of Hydrocarbons on the Morphology of Synthesized Niobium Carbide Nanoparticles,” D. Grove, U. Gupta and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Langmuir, 26 (21), 16517−16521 (2010). “Distinguishable Behavior of Multiple and Individual Rhodamine-6G on Spherical Ag Nanoparticles Examined via Time Dependence of the SERS Spectra,” Z. Luo, W. H. Woodward and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Raman Spectrosc., 43, 1905−1912 (2012). “Resilient Aromaticity in Lead−Indium Clusters,” J. J. Melko, S. V. Ong, U. Gupta, J. Ulises Reveles, J. D’Emidio, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 500, 196−201 (2010). “Photoelectron Imaging and Density-Functional Investigation of Bismuth and Lead Anions Solvated in Ammonia Clusters,” M. A. Sobhy, K. Casalenuovo, J. Ulises Reveles, U. Gupta, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 114, 11353−11363 (2010). “The Applicability of Three Dimensional Aromaticity in BiSnn− Zintl Analogues,” P. A. Clayborne, U. Gutpa, A.

659.

660.

661.

662.

663.

664. 665.

666.

667.

668.

669.

670.

671.

672.

8047

C. Reber, J. J. Melko, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 133, 134302 (2010). “Analogous Reactivity of Pd+ and ZrO+: Comparing the Reactivity with Small Hydrocarbons,” E. C. Tyo, A. C. Reber, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 16797 (2011). “Soft-Landing Deposition of Al17− on a HydroxylTerminated Self-Assembled Monolayer,” W. Hunter Woodward, M. M. Blake, Z. Luio. P. S. Weiss and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 5373−5377 (2011). “Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and First-Principles Study of PbxIny Clusters,” J. J. Melko, S. V. Ong, U. Gupta, U. U. Reveles, J. D. Emidio, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 20907−20916 (2010). “Introduction to Atomic Clusters,” P. Jena and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chapter in a book entitled Nanoclusters  A Bridge across Discipline, (Purusottam Jena and A. Welford Castleman, Jr.,Eds.), Elsevier, (2010) (ISBN 978-0-444-53440-8). “Reactivity of Stoichiometric Titanium Oxide Cations,” E. C. Tyo, M. Nößler, R. Mitrić, Vlasta Bonačić-Koutecký and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 13, 4243−4249 (2011). “Photoelectron Imaging Spectroscopy and Theoretical Investigation ZrSi,” K. D. D. Gunaratne and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 134, 204303 (2011). “Carbonyl Bond Cleavage by Complementary Active Sites,” W. H. Woodward, A. C. Reber, J. C. Smith, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. C, 117, 7445−7450 (2013). “The Effect of Formic Acid Addition on Water Cluster Stability and Structure,” E. Goken, K. Joshi, M. Russo, A. v. Duin and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 115, 4657−4664 (2011). “Investigating Reactive Superoxide Units Bound to Zirconium Oxide Cations,” E. C. Tyo, M. Nößler, C. L. Harmon, R. Mitrić, V. Bonačić-Koutecký and A. W. Castleman, Jr, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 21559−21566 (2011). “Stability and Electronic Properties of Isoelectronic Heteroatomic Analogs of Sn52−,” U. Gupta, A. C. Reber, J. J. Melko, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 505, 92−95 (2011). “Hund’s Rule in Supershells.” V. M. Medel, J. U. Reveles, S. N. Khanna, V. Chauhan, P. Sen and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 108, 10062−10066 (2011). “Strong-Field Ionization and Dissociation Studies on Small Early Transition Metal Carbide Clusters via Timeof-Flight Mass Spectrometry,” D. Blumling, S. Sayres and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 115, 5038−5043 (2011). “Influence of Clustering and Molecular Orbital Shapes on the Ionization Enhancement in Ammonia,” S. Sayres, M. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 13 (26), 12231−12239 (2011). “Aluminum Cluster Anion Reactivity with Singlet Oxygen: Evidence of Al9− Stability,” W. H. Woodward, N. Eyet, N. S. Shuman, J. C. Smith, A. A. Viggiano and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 115, 9903− 9908 (2011). dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5013686 | J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 8025−8049



688. “Metal-Substituted Ti8C12 Metallocarbohedrynes: Toward Less Reactive Clusters as Building Blocks of Cluster-Assembled Materials,” Cüneyt Berkdemir, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and J. O. Sofo, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 14, 9642−9653 (2012). 689. “Femtosecond Ionization and Coulomb Explosion of Small Transition Metal Carbide Clusters,” M. W. Ross and A. W. Castleman Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 547, 13−20 (2012). 690. “Extreme Ionization Leading to Coulomb Explosion of Small Palladium and Zirconium Oxide Clusters and Reactivity with Carbon Monoxide,” M. W. Ross and A. W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 117, 1030−1034 (2013). 691. “Gas-Phase Reactivity of Aluminum Cluster Anions with Ethanethiol: Carbon−Sulfur Bond Activation,” Z. Luo, J. Smith, C. Berkdemir and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 590, 63−68 (2013). 692. “Strong-Field Ionization of Small Niobium and Tantalum Clusters,” D. E. Blumling, S. G. Sayres, M. W. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 333, 55−58 (2013). 693. “Strong-Field Ionization of Coulomb Explosion of Chlorine Weakly-Bound to Small Water Clusters,” M. W. Ross, C. Berkdemir and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 116, 8530−8538 (2012). 694. “Ultrafast Ionization and Subsequent Coulomb Explosion of Zirconium Oxide and Tungsten Carbide “Superatomic” Cluster Species and Comparison to Group 10 Metals,” M. W. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., New J. Chem., 36, 2253−2259 (2012). 695. “Ionization and Coulomb Explosion of Small Group 10 Transition Metal Oxide Clusters in Strong Light Fields,” M. W. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 137, 084307 (2012). 696. “Spin Accommodation and Reactivity of Silver Clusters with Oxygen: The Enhanced Stability of [Ag13]−,” Z. Luo, G. Gamboa, J. Smith, A. Reber, S. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134 (46), 18973− 18978 (2012). 697. “Edge Induced Active Sites Enhance the Reactivity of Large Aluminum Cluster Anions with Alcohols,” A. Reber, P. Roach, W. Woodward, S. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 116, 8085−8091 (2012). 698. “Strong-Field Ionization and Coulomb Explosium of Small Neodymium and Europium Oxide Clusters,” M. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 565, 22−27 (2013). 699. “Ionization Enhancement in Small Silicon and Germanium Clusters in the Presence of Zirconium,” M. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 137, 194312 (2012). 700. “Ionization and Coulomb Explosion of Small Uranium Oxide Clusters,” M. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 45, 205102 (2012). 701. “Cluster Reaction of [Ag8]−/[Cu8]− with Chlorine: Evidence for the Harpoon Mechanism?,” Z. Luo, C. Berkdemir, J. C. Smith and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett., 582, 24−30 (2013). 702. “Influence of Group 10 Metals on the Growth and Subsequent Coulomb Explosion of Small Silicon Clusters under Strong Light Pulses,” M. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., ChemPhysChem, 14, 771−776 (2013).

673. “Superatoms: From Motifs to Materials,” A. C. Reber, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., In Nanoclusters  A Bridge across Discipline, (Purusottam Jena and A. Welford Castleman, Jr., Eds.), Elsevier (2010) (ISBN 978-0-444-53440-8). 674. “Growth Kinetics of Al Clusters in the Gas Phase Produced by a Magnetron-Sputtering Source,” Z. Luo, W. Hunter Woodward, J. C. Smith and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 309, 176−181 (2012). 675. “From Elements to Clusters: The Periodic Table Revisited”, A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2, 1062−1069 (2011). 676. “Onset of Coulomb Explosion in Small Silicon Clusters Exposed to Strong-Field Laser Pulses,” S. G. Sayres, M. W. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., New J. Phys., 14, 055014 (2012). 677. “Closed-Shell to Split-Shell Stability of Isovalent Clusters,” V. M. Medel, J. U. Reveles, A. C. Reber, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Rev. B, 84, 075435 (2011). 678. “Electronic Structure Similarities in PbxSby− and SnxBiy− Clusters,” J. J. Melko, U. Werner, R. Mitrić, V. BonačićKoutecký and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 115 (37), 10276−10280 (2011). 679. “Delocalized Electronic Behavior Observed in Transition Metal Oxide Clusters under Strong-Field Excitation,” S. G. Sayres, M. W. Ross and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 135, 054312 (2011). 680. “Oxygen-Containing Gas-Phase Diatomic Trications and Tetracations: ReOz+, NbOz+ and HfOz+ (z = 3, 4),” V. Brites, K. Franzreb, J. N. Harvey, S. G. Sayres, M. W. Ross D. E. Blumling, A. W. Castleman, Jr. and M. Hochlaf, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 13, 15233 (2011). 681. “Cluster Structure and Reactions: Gaining Insights into Catalytic Processes,” A. W. Castleman, Jr., Catal. Lett., 141 (9), 1243−1253 (2011). 682. “Exploring Similarities in Reactivity of Isovalent Species: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Investigation,” E. C. Tyo, M. Nößler, S. Rabe, C. L. Harmon, R. Mitrić, V. Bonačić-Koutecký and A. W. Castleman, Jr.,Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 14, 1846−1849 (2012). 683. “Investigating the Relative Stabilities and Electronic Properties of Small Zinc Oxide Clusters,” K. D. D. Gunaratne, C. Berkdemir, C. L. Harmon and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A, 116, 12429−12437 (2012). 684. “Cooperative Effects in the Oxidation of CO by Palladium Oxide Cations,” C. Reber, S. N. Khanna, E. C. Tyo, C. L. Harmon and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 135, 234303 (2011). 685. “The Growth of Ionic Crystals Based on the Halogenation of Cooper Cluster Anions,” Z. Luo, J. C. Smith, W. Hunter Woodward and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 116, 2012−2017 (2012). 686. “Photoelectron Imaging of Small Aluminum Clusters: Quantifying s−p Hybridization,” J. J. Melko and A. W. Castleman, Jr., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 3173−3178 (2013). 687. “Broad Photoelectron Spectrum and Lowered Electron Affinity Due to Hydrogen in ZnOH: A Join Experimental and Theoretical Study,” I. Iordanov, K. D. Dasitha Gunaratne, C. L. Harmon, J. Sofo and A. W. Castleman, Jr., J. Chem. Phys., 136, 214314 (2012). 8048




703. “Probing the Magic Numbers of Aluminum−Magnesium Cluster Anions and Their Reactivity towards Oxygen,” Z. Luo, C. J. Grover, A. C. Reber, S. N. Khanna and A. W. Castleman Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135 (11), 4307−4313 (2013). 704. “Reactivity of Aluminum Clusters with Water and Alcohols: Competition and Catalysis?” Z. Luo, J. Smith, W. Woodward and A. W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 3 (24), 3818−3821 (2012). 705. “Probing the Valence Orbitals of Transition Metal− Silicon Diatomic Anions: ZrSi, NbSi, MoSi, PdSi and WSi,” K. D. D. Gunaratne, C. Berkdemir, C. L. Harmon and A. W. Castleman Jr., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 6068−6079 (2013).

8049


Publications of A. W. Castleman, Jr. - The Journal of Physical

Recommend Documents