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T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y
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Sulfuric Acid: Die neueren Schwefelskiurekonzentratoren. By OSKARKAUSCH. Chemische Apparatur, Vol. 1, 1914, h'o. 20, pp, 272-4. T i t a n i u m : Has Titanium Any Influence o n t h e Properties of Steel? SO.432, pp. 365-7. By F. A. J. FITZGERALD. iMetallurgica1 and Chemical Engineering, Photography: Kolloidchemie u n d Photographie. By L ~ ~ P P o Vol. 13, 1915, NO. 1, pp. 28-9. CRAMER. Kolloid-Zeitschrift, Vol. 15. 1914, S o . 4, pp. 164-6. Tungsten: The Separation of Tungsten f r o m Molybdenum. By Roads : Repairing a n d Resurfacing Bituminous Pavements. B y E. E. MARBAKER.Journal of the American Chemical Society. Vol. 37. SAMUEL H. LEA. Engineering &'ex's, Vol. 72, 1914, KO.27, pp. 1308-10. 1915, KO.1, pp. 86-95. Sanitation: Sanitation i n Brazil. By EDWARD STUART. American Water: A Comparison between t h e Twenty-Degree and t h e ThirtyJournal of Public Health, Vol. 4, 1914, S o . 12, pp. 1159-72. Sewage: Advances in Sewage Disposal. By GEORGEW. FULLER. seven-Degree Plate Counts for Enumerating Bacteria in Water. By J. BOSLEYTHOMAS A N D EDGAR A. SANDMAN.American Journal of Engineering Record, Vol. 71, 1915, No. 1, pp. 10-11. Public Health, Vol. 4, 1914. No. 12, pp. 1179-81. Sewage: Preliminary Report on Emscher Tanks and Kindred Water: Progress i n Water Supply. By ALLENHAZEN. Enpincrrinp Sewage-Clari5cation Processes. By K. THnMhr A N D C. REICHLP. Record, Vol. 71, 1915, S o . 1, pp. 5-6. Engineering N e w s , Vol. 72, 1914, S o . 27, pp. 1306-8. Water: The I d u e n c e of Reservoir Bottoms o n Stored Water. Silicates : Ueber die chemische oder physikalische Natur der By WILSONFITCH SMITH. Engineering N e w s . Vol. 72. 1914, No. 27, Kolloiden wasserhaltigen Tonerdesilikate. By GEORGWIEGNER. PD. 1289-92. Kolloid-Zeitschrzft, Vol. 15. 1914, S o . 4, pp. 167-9. Water: The Sulfate i n River Water. By H. S. SHELTON.Chemical Steel: A n Electric Muffle Furnace for t h e Determination of Carbon A-ews, Vol. 110, 1914, h-0. 2874, pp. 307-8. a n d Oxygen i n Steel a n d Tungsten Powder. By CHARLES MORRIS Water : Ueber den Blei-, Kupferund Zinkgehalt Kiinstlicher MinJOHNSON. Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering, Vol. 13. 1915, No. 1. eralwLsser u n d die Bestimmung dieser Metalle. B y C. RBESB pp. 17. ASD J. DROST. Zeitschrift f u r Unlersuchung der Nahrungs- und GcnussSteel : Mikroskopische Stahluntersuchung. By. B. STRAWS. Zcilmittel, Vol. 28, 1914 NO..^, pp. 427-49. schrift f u r angewandie Chemie, Vol. 27, 1914, S o . 96, pp. 633-44. Wines : Herstellung, Lusammensetzung u n d Beurteilung des Steel: The P a r t Played by t h e Amorphous Phase i n t h e Hardening Madeiraweines u n d seiner Eraatsweine. By A. KICKTONA N D R. of Steels. B y J. C. W. HUMBREY. Chemical News, 1'01. 110, 1914, MURDBIELD. Zeitschrift fur Untersuchunr der Nahrunas- und Genussmillcl. No. 2871, pp. 271-4. Vol. 28. 1914, SO.7 , pp. 325-64. Sulfuric Acid: Apparatus for t h e Concentration of Sulfuric Acid. Wood: Versuch einer Theorie der Trockendestillation von Hols. I. B y WILLIAMMASON. ik'etallurgical and Chemical Engineering, Vol. By PETER KLASON. Journal f u r praklischc Chemic, Vol. 90, 1914, 13, 1915, NO. 1, pp. 17-18. h-0. 22, pp. 413-47. Patents: A n Argument i n Favor of a Compulsory License Patent Law. By J. CAMPBELL DELANO. Textile Colorist, Vol. 36, 1914,
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RECENT INVENTIONS By C. L. PARKER, Solicitor of Chemical Patents, McGill Building, Washington, D. C.
Bleaching Oils & Fats. C. Baskerville, Oct. 20, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,114,095. The oils and fats t o be bleached are subjected t o t h e action of a mixture of Fullers' earth and fibrous cellulosic material.
the heated mixture and the fumes of nitric acid and air are conducted away from the remaining sulfuric acid.
Revivifying and Preserving Rubber. A. A. Wright, Oct. 27, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,114,841.The surface of the rubber is sub-
with chlorin gas at a temperature above t h a t a t which the iron of the scrap is attacked. The gases are circulated within the vessel and means are provided to remove the heat generated by t h e reaction.
jected t o the action of a solution of camphor gum in alcohol admixed with pulverized pumice. Ammonium Phosphate.
F. S. Washburn, Oct. 27, 1914.
U. S. Pat. 1,115,044.Ammonium phosphate is produced from crude phosphoric acid and gas house liquor by heating the acid t o its boiling point, adding the gas house liquor and causing steam t o bubble through the mass. Commercially-Pure Nitrates.
C. Bosch and W. Wild, Oct.
27, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,115,164. Commercially pure nitrates are produced b y adding limited quantities of water vapor to gaseous mixtures containing the oxids of nitrogen and the gases thus treated are passed over solid basic substances, such as oxids, hydroxids, and carbonates of the alkaline earth metals at such a temperature t h a t t h e water set free during the combination of the gaseous nitric acid with the base remains in the state of vapor. The temperature should not be above 300° C. Concentrating Nitric Acid.
U. S. Pat.
1,115,192.
Detinning Process. J. Weber, Oct. 27, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,115,262.The tin scrap is placed in a closed vessel and treated
Separating the Rare Earths, together with Thorium, Cerium and Zirconium, by Electrolysis. L. M. Dennis, Nov. 3, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,115,513. The rare earths are fractionally separated by subjecting an aqueous solution of the salts of the rare earths to the action of an electric current at or above the lowest decomposition voltage of the first product desired and fractionally precipitating insoluble compounds of the rare earths from the solution. The steps are repeated as desired while maintaining the cathode surface free from a covering of the electropositive products of the electrolysis.
Continuous or Constant Electric Discharges in Gases. R. von Kock, Nov. 3, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,115,625.The gases to be subjected to the action of the electric arc are first heated electrically or otherwise, in a suitF. Hausmann, Oct. 27, 1914. able chamber as I , to a temperature a t which they are electrically conductive and ' if are then brought into contact with the arc, the flow of the gases being longitu/I1 ,----Il-=i dinally of t h e arc.
Highly concentrated nitric acids up t o m o n o - h y d r a t e are produced b y heating a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric in one thin " layer in a distillation 6 apparatus of the a /,! character illustrated. The heated mixture moves horizontally in a continuous stream forward through t h e apparatus while dry, cold air is passed over the surface of
C.
F.
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C. Bosch and W.Wild, Nov. 3, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,115,776.A gas containing or consisting of carbon monoxid in admixture with steam, is passed over a catalytic agent containing divided iron oxid maintained a t a temperature below 6.50' C. Hydrogen.
Reactive Zeolites. T. R. Duggan, Nov. 3, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,116,038. A fused glassy melt comprising alumina, silica, potash and soda with a ratio of soda t o potash of approximately
Feb., 1915
T H E JOURhTAL OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
I , is granulated, extracted with hot water until the glassy character disappears and recrushed to a material of about a z mm mesh.
5 :
G. "On der Linde, Tin from Waste Tinned 3, 1914. u. s. Pat. 1,116,176.The scrap to be detinned is sub-
I73
contained in a n extended surface of catalytic material having carbon therein to form a cyanogen compound. A large extent of the surface of the catalytic material is maintained free from the bulk of the molten material by distilling off. during the course of the operation, a portion a t least of thz so formed cyanogen compound. Oxidizing Lead. C. D. Holley, Nov. IO, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,116,702.Finely divided lead is subjected to the simultaneous action of chromate waste liquor containing sodium nitrate and air; the oxidized lead and sodium nitrate are separated afterwards.
n
Alkali and Alkaline-Earth Metals.
C. E. Acker, Nov.
IO,
1914. U. S. Pat. 1,116,865.Metals belonging to either the alkali or alkaline earth groups are produced by electrolyzing a fluid mass of the desired metal belonging to such groups in a pri-
jected in a closed chamber, ( a ) t o a uniform mixture of air and chlorin produced by diffusion in an adjacent chamber, ( d ) . Fireproofing Materials. W. C. Zeller, Nov. 3, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,116,349. The composition consists of a solution of ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate and borax. Petroleum Emulsions. R. E. Laird and J. H. Raney, Nov. 3, 19x4. U. S. Pat. 1,116,299.Emulsions of petroleum oil and water are subjected to an electric stress for a suficiently long
ni:tr!. clccrrol!.tic, i.cr ;I c x t l i ~ dir.hizh ~ iorin> ii iusiblt nlloy i v i t h the m t t i l niitl :iitcriv:ird u-iiig tht. .illoy 3.; a n anode in a iccciildnry clcctrolyric ~ ~ wnr:iii:ing 1 1 ::ii clcctrdyte comprising 3 i i i o l t c n cyanid of the light iiict~il,dtpositing t h c light metal dt the cathotle. Electrical Separation. H. M. Sutton, W. L. and E. G . Steele, NOV. IO, 1914. U. S. Pat. I , I 16,951. Cuiiiiiiiniitcd ili:,terials coiisi-ting of ronductor; i n c l diclcctric. .ire s e p r a t e d b y sui)-
P time to produce heavy currents through the water particles. The currents are intrrrupted to allow the coalesced particles to form globules of free water. Cyanogen Compounds. J. E. Bucher, Nov. IO, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,116,559.Free nitrogen is brought into contact with an extended surface of molten material, such as sodium cyanid, comprising as one of its constituent elements a metal capable *a
jecting them to a directly and convectively delivered electrical charge and contacting the material with a source of opposite potential to attract the particles and to retain the dielectric particles while not retaining the conducting particles.
of combining with nitrogen and carbon and of acting as the base of a stable cyanogen compound under the temperature conditions of the operation. This metal is liberated from the material and, together with nitrogen, combined with the carbon
Manganese Steel from Scrap. H. M. Howe, Nov. 17, 1914. U. S. Pat. 1,117,384. LIanganese steel scrap is melted in a shaft furnace and the relative proportions of manganese in the molten metal adjusted by adding a suitable quantity of ferromanganese. Blown metal of the Bessemer process is then added to the mixture.
