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MANAGEMENT Today's sentiment against collective bargaining* . . . each figure = 2 0 ballots
AGAINST
FOR
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fttittf L—Leucine L—Isoleucine L—Tyrosine L—Phenylalan ine L—Methionine
*Survey among 2 6 4 unorganized, nonsupervisory scientists a n d engineers in 1 0 companies
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34
C&EN
JULY
13. 1 9 5 9
Scientists Ταικ ADOUT Bargaining When their work climate is good, most professionals prefer to bargain individually with management
JVIOST scientists and engineers who do
not belong to unions do not now regard collective bargaining as the ideal path to professional advancement. But their views are subject to change. How long they will hold depends heavily on per sonal job conditions in the future. Source of these ideas: a newly pub lished study, "Collective Bargaining as Viewed by Unorganized Engineers and Scientists/' by John W. Riegel of the University of Michigan. Riegel's report gives views on collec tive bargaining, expressed in personal interviews, by 2 6 4 nonunion nonsupervisory engineering and research workers in 10 large companies. Four of the companies make chemicals, two make mechanical products, two make electrical products, and two are public utilities. They are all established, well run businesses that employ sizable technical staffs. Feeling in favor of collective bargain ing increases when terms of employ ment take a turn for the worse, Riegel
says. Then, individuals who are pre disposed to collective bargaining are likely to become advocates. And their urging will be likely to sway other opinions to the side of collective bar gaining. • Opinions Vary Over Wide Range. The specific question Riegel asked the scientists and engineers in the survey: "What is your opinion of collective bar gaining for professional employees like yourself?" In answering, four out of five said they opposed it. However, many of those who voted against collec tive bargaining also expressed some de sire for it. Further, Riegel says, there was good correlation between satisfac tory salaries and opposition to collective bargaining. And over 20 CA of those in terviewed said they would change their minds on the subject if conditions changed. The scientists and engineers w h o strongly objected to collective bargain ing (131 of the 264) stressed the indi vidualism of professionals and closely
identified themselves with management. Some of their thoughts: • I have no use for unions. I was in a union. It got too strong. • Because of the varied work w e perform, it would b e difficult, under collective bargaining, to classify u s and give proper relative value to the services of the many technical groups. • A professional's experience and unique capabilities enable him to bargain for himself. • W e like to consider ourselves as part of management. We could not do that and join an engineer's union. • Unionization is ridiculous for a professional. It lowers his status. • The company voluntarily gives us more in pay and treatment than the organized professionals are getting. • There's no need for a union now in this strong seller's market. On the other extreme, 1 3 scientists and engineers strongly favored collective bargaining. Their reasons usually related to better salaries: • Collective bargaining would b e a good idea, mostly because engineers are not well paid in comparison with other professionals. • I think collective bargaining would be okay for engineers. It would improve their standards, and they now have the worst standing among professionals. • Engineers should have an organization that would reflect their ideas. Management goes only as far as it has to in taking care of professionals. In between the definite pros and cons, eight men said they were neutral on collective bargaining, and 91 expressed mixed feelings on the subject: • Collective bargaining i s good in principle, but not well carried out in practice. • It has its merits, but it also has many disadvantages. On balance, I would say there are some things collective bargaining could do around here. • I was in a professional engineer's union and I didn't like it. Our tenure was not at management's mercy, and I believe our salaries were higher. But advancement was based on seniority. • In a depression, collective bargaining might b e necessary. • I don't think any of the professionals in this company would favor collective bargaining. But in the over-
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C&EN
35
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Twenty-one of the scientists and engineers favored action by their professional societies. Riegel considered their comments to be mildly in favor of collective bargaining or, at least, representation. The group suggested three main functions the societies could perform: Raise levels of pay, promote standards of professional competence and procedure, and build public esteem for the profession and its members. Some of these comments:
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all picture, there are certainly many dissatisfied engineers. ·· I think professional people should not be of a union-joining nature. But in view of m y experience and this company's administration, it might be a good idea. • I don't like the idea of collective bargaining, but if it was made respectable enough, then it might be all right.
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• If engineers do engage in collective bargaining, it should be done through a professional society. • The professional societies could set up standards of work and salaries. Then w e would not be forced to be union members in a strict sense. • Collective bargaining would not promote the recognition of engineers. They need something like the American Medical Association with strong prestige. However, their association should have a strong economic bias and also set professional standards. • I'm for the professional s "ûety. ît sets standards for the profession and publicizes these to universities and others.
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