that can exist

add theseto your basic kit and you can represent 35 elements in. 65 valence states. WILL NO. 20142N. 4 ea. of fluorine, bromine, iodine. WILL NO. 2014...
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Pictured is a hypothetical complex ion with a negative charge of two, assembled from the latest Godfrey Models, which could be called "Iron (III) aquo bromo cyano fluoro thionophosphate."

You can construct any organic form that can exist.. . many inorganic forms, too with

WILL

GODFREY MOLECULAR MODELS Best representation of Van der Waals' and covalent radii. Realistically shows true molecular mobility, even demon­ strates vibratory modes responsible for infrared spectra of molecules. No tools required. Simple quick hand connec­ tions only. Made of colorful polyvinyl chloride, flexible and compressible as actual atoms.

( Ι Α Ι Λ

Will No. 20140N—Basic Kit with 100 atoms only

4 "

(assortment of H, C, N , O , CI a n d S atoms i n 11 valence states} includes 12-page

manual

NEW ATOM MODELS . . . add these to your basic kit and you can represent 35 elements in 65 valence states. WILL NO. 20142N 4 ea. of fluorine, bromine, iodine

$goo

You can show hydrogen bonding (water tetramer on left} or strained ring systems (camphor on the r i g h t ) .

WILL NO. 20143N 4 ea. of thionyl sulfur, tetrahedral sulfur, nitrile nitrogen

$900

WILL NO. 20144N 4 each of pentavalent phosphorous cap, tetrahedral silicon, trigonal boron

$12 00

WILL NO. 20145N 4 each of metal atoms Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 and trigonal oxygen . . . .

$1500

WILL

CORPORATION and subsidiaries • • • • • •

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Circle No. 124 on Readers' Service Card 32 A

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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

of completely reconditioning the in­ strument, extending a new instru­ ment warranty, and then having to sell a t less than the m a r k e t price of a new unit. Any design changes must be included in the warranty, which adds to the cost and decreases return in the investment. RCA and Baird-Atomic accept their own instruments in trade. With respect to instruments made by other companies, however, they handle these situations on an indi­ vidual basis. Baird-Atomic recon­ ditions and sells trade-in items. Varian has not established a firm policy regarding trade-ins. Gen­ erally it does not intend to accept trade-ins. If, however, the need for short-term leases develops, it may accept trade-ins to build up a pool of used instruments to meet this demand. Trade-in equipment could be re­ conditioned and, if not placed in a used instrument pool, could be sold at reduced rates to educational in­ stitutions. The final decision would be based on circumstances prevailing a t the time and would be governed in part by the nature of the instrument—that is, its porta­ bility and useful life. Varian can­ not visualize a situation where it would accept another manufac­ turer's instruments in trade. Varian feels t h a t trade-ins are good for the customer, as they re­ duce his outlay for new instruments and facilitate his disposal of old instruments. They arc good for universities and research groups who receive instruments at low prices. The manufacturer, how­ ever, has problems of warehousing, distribution, and inventory. These functions all detract from his major purpose in life—to develop the most advanced analytical instrumenta­ tion possible. Coleman, Emil Greiner, and N u ­ clear-Chicago do not sell or lease used equipment, so they generally do not accept trade-ins. In rare instances where Emil Greiner does accept a trade-in, the trade-in value is so nominal that it is donated as a tax-deductible contribution to some school or institution. The obso­ lescence factor, Nuclear-Chicago feels, rules against its accepting trade-ins.