T H E J O r R S d L O F I L V D C ' S T R I A L A S D EiVGIL?TEEKIiVG C H E M I S T R Y
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LEHIGH DISTRICTCEMEIT PLANTS Pi.431E Northampton Portland Cement Co. Nazareth Cement Co. Phoenix Cement Co. Dexter Portland Cement Co. Penn-Allen Portland Cement Co. Pennsylvania Cement Co. Bath Portland Cement Co. Lawrence Cement Co. of Pennsylvania a t l a s Portland Cement Co. Whitehall Portland Cement Co Atlas Portland Cement Co. Lehigh Portland Cement Co. Coplay Cement Manufacturing Co. American Cement Co. of New Jersey American Cement Co. of New Jersey Lehigh Portland Cement Co. Lehigh Portland Cement Co. Edison Portland Cement Co. Vulcanite Portland Cement C o . AlDha Portland Cement Co. Alpha Portland Cement Co
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i4 75 76
77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84
85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94
LOCATION Stockerton, Pa. Nazareth, P a Nazareth, Pa. Nazareth, Pa. Nazareth, Pa. Bath, Pa. Bath, P a . Siegfried, P a Korthampton, P a Cementon, P a . Coplay, Pa. West Coplay, Pa. Coplay, Pa. Egypt, Pa. Lesley, Pa. Ormrod, P a , Fogelsville, Pa. New Village. K . J. Vulcanite, h-.J. Alpha, K.J. Martin's Creek, Pa.
the first six months of the year the production of gg,ooo,ooo barrels was nearly 25 per cent ahead of last year, while shipments were 14 per cent larger than for the first half of 1912. Surplus stocks increased nearly 3,000,000 barrels in the half year. The Lehigh district, a map of which is presented herewith, seems to be following the trend of orders more closely than a few years ago, when market conditions were quite chaotic; this district supplies about one-third of the American cement proI
LEHICH
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duction. The Lehigh production fell I O per cent in June, while shipments increased 3 per cent as compared with those of June, 1912. Seventy-five per cent of the Lehigh kilns were active on July I , 1913, but the surplus stocks a t the mills on that date, amounting t o 3,000,000 barrels, were only 4 per cent larger than last year. Producers in the Lehigh district have taken steps t o prevent market demoralization by reducing their outp u t ; as a result of this policy, prices are being fairly well maintained.
T H E BECKTON GAS LIGHT AND COKE COMPANY O F LONDON, ENGLAND The Beckton Gas Light and Coke Company, which supplies gas for two-thirds of the British metropolis, is described in the American Gas Light Jouvnal, gg, 34. At the river pier some 1,750,000 tons of coal are unloaded per annum, the hydraulically operated grabs being capable of handling 7 0 0 tons per day. The retort houses are 14 in number, and extend about half a mile, in double line. Some are electrically operated, others have the aid of compressed air, and a third variety is provided with hydraulic machinery. Jointly the retorts are capable of producing 61,000,000 cubic feet of gas per day, and of carbonizing 5,000 tons of coal. In addition, there is a carbureted water-gas plant capable of producing 27,000,000 cubic feet of gas per day. The plant is stated to be the most complete in existence, all the operations of gas-making and recuperation being controlled by hydraulic power operated
RAILROAD Lehigh & New England Lehigh & New England Lehigh & New England Lehigh & New England Lehigh & Y'ew England Lehigh & New England Lehigh & S e w England Central of New Jersey Central of New Jersey Lehigh Valley Lehigh Valley Lehigh Valley Lehigh Valley Lehigh Valley Lehigh Valley Lehigh Valley Phila. & Reading D., L. & W Central of New Jersey Lehigh Valley Pennsylvania
Capacity in hbls. per day I ,800 3,300 1,000 2,400 2,000 3,000 3,000 3.500 46,600 1,250,000 46,600 36,600 5,000 6,500 6,500 36,600 36,600
8,000 5,500
18,000 18,000
by levers from a central stand. The blowing plant for this installation consists of four I Io-horse power turbine-driven fans. The carbureted water gas, after being tested, is mixed with t h e coal gas a t the inlet of the gasholders, of which the storage capacity totals 19,000,000 cubic feet, the largest gasholders holding 8,000,000 cubic feet. A pumping plant capable of pumping 4,100,000 cubic feet of gas per hour delivers the gas to the storage holders or for use in London. There are extensive repair workshops, including the boiler shop for the repair of all stationary and locomotive boilers, and other work of a similar nature. There is a foundry capable of producing some 50 tons per week, with a pattern-making shop in connection therewith. The private locomotive sheds of the works provide accommodation for 3 I locomotives, and these are engaged upon 45 miles of single track. In the tar works are.stills for the distillation of 18 million gallons of tar per annum, with underground storage for 4,000,000 gallons. The five pitch beds adjoining the stills have a capacity of 30,000 tons. For the refining of the light oils the naphtha stills and washing plant prepare the distillate which, in the benzol house, yields benzol, toluol, and solvent naphtha amounting to 120,ooo gallons yearly. Naphthaline is refined by means of 12 stills, and is manufactured into salable forms in a house close by. Another battery of stills serves for the purification of carbolic acid, up to the standard required for surgical purposes. .4 series of large tanks contains the stores of creosote used for timber preserving, very large quantities being produced. In another quarter is the house in which anthracene is purified. The liquor works contains stills and saturators producing 24,000 tons of sulfate of ammonia per annum. Beside it stand a sulfuric acid plant in which sulfuric acid is manufactured from the spent oxide resulting from gas purification; the furnaces are of modern mechanical type. Aimmonia gas is also purified for the manufacture of aqueous ammonia and for the production on a large scale of anhydrous ammonia (for refrigerating plant). In the cyanogen plant crude cyanogen liquor is converted into crystalline prussiates of soda and potash, and provides material for the manufacture of Prussian blue and for the' cyanides of potassium and sodium. -~
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T H E MODERN BY-PRODUCT COKE OVEN In the Monthly Bulletin of the American I r o n and Steel Instltute, I , hTo. 5 , are published several papers relating t o the present status of the by-product coke oven in the United States. Meissner expressed the opinion that when located a t points suitable t o its requirements, the by-product coke oven was the p o s t satisfactory and economical yet known for the manufacture of metallurgical coke. In the last six months of 1912 coke
