RESEARCH RESULTS . . . . . . immediate& available All papers listed are being considered for publication in I&EC or one of the I&EC Quarterlies. They are available in manuscript form, with the requirement that any reference to their content in a publication must have the author’s prior approval. Orders are processed within 24 hours of receipt, with shipment by first class mail. Prices for subscribers and nonsubscribers are listed with each manuscript. Please include Dayment with order.
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Solvent Extraction Using Arliflcial Phase Boundaries. Several solvent extraction systems were studied using a cellulose dialysis membrane as an artificial phase boundary. T h e method devised should be useful for “packaging” organic solvents in membrane containers for extractions in which time is not a factor. Efficiency and kinetics of the systems are discussed.
C. E. Hedrick, A. Massoumi, and J . F. Hazel, University of Pennsylvania Ms. 67-234 Subscribers 82.00 Nonsubscribers 84.00 13 pages (2 tables)
Reactor Design and Continuous Sampling of an Ultrasonic Chemical Reaction. Ultrasonically induced cavitation can in-
crease liquid phase chemical reaction rates. For minimum variation in yield, acoustic pressure must not exceed certain limits. Design criteria for a CSTR and batch reactor are developed which meet prescribed restrictions.
H. Scott Fogler, University of Michigan
MS. 67-285 29 pages ( 1 4 j g u r e s )
Subscribers $3.00 Nonsubscribers $6.00
Noncatalytic Heterogeneous Solid-Fluid Reaction Systems.
Simplest cases are analyzed, then extended to formulate a more general model for use in a variety of situations. Noncatalytic, solid-fluid reactions are then classified phenomenologically into a few typical cases. Conceptual models represent these for analysis and design of reactors.
C. Y . Wen, West Virginia Untverszty Ms. 67-297 73pages ( l g j g u r e s , 3 tables)
Subscribers 68.00 Nonsubscribers $76.00
The Reaction of Resorcinol and Formaldehyde in latex Adhesives for Tire Cords. Reactions producing methylol resor-
cinols in the first hour were generally overtaken by a second process formation of high molecular weight condensation products. Thin-layer chromatography technique was used, and results were consistent with findings using viscosimetry, calorimetry, and cryoscopy.
G. E. van Gils, The General Tire €9 Rubber Company Ms. 67-303 Subscribers 82.00 20 pages (6jgures, 1 table) Nonsubscribers $4.00
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NONSUBSCRIBER
Ammonia-The Versatile liquid Extraction Solvent. Liquid ammonia was used to make chemicals, solvents, fuels, and lubricants in 470 extractions of 41 petroleum fractions in a continuous pilot plant equipped with a 20-stage mixer-settler extractor. Effects of changing extraction variables are shown.
Paul Barton, Robert H. McCormick, and M . R. Fenske, The Pennsylvania State UniuersiQ Ms. 67-307 Subscribers $3.00 30pages (gjgures) Nonsubscribers $6.00
A Kinetic Study of Neutral Sulfite Pulping of Aspen Chips. A delignification rate expression was developed, taking into account the effects of temperature, concentration of cooking liquor, and time of cooking. Relative reaction rates were computed with excellent correlation between yield and H-factor at different levels of liquor concentration.
N . C. S. Chari, Owens-Illinois, b c . MS. 67-308 29pages (IOjgures, 2 tables)
Subscribers 63.00 Nonsubscribers $6.00
Oxidation of Oleflns by Ferricyanide Using Osmium Tetraoxide Catalyst. A novel method to produce glycols from olefins
by ferri-ferro cyanide couple and osmium catalyst. Ferricyanide and alkali are regenerated electrochemically. The over-all reaction involves consumption of olefin, air, and water to produce the respective glycol.
J . S. Mayell, American Cyanamid Company Ms. 67-309 30pages (gjgures, 4 tables)
Subscribers $3.00 Nonsubscribers $6.00
The Effect of Sodium Concentration on the Surface Tension of Mercury. Addition of a small amount of sodium markedly
lowers the surface tension of mercury. Elevated temperature is of secondary importance in mercury-sodium amalgam. An empirical equation is presented for surface tension of pure mercury as a function of temperature.
Y . Lee, Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, Ontario, Canada M s . 67-314 Subscrtbers 82.00 12 pages (dfgures) Nonsubscribers 84.00
New Development in Mass Transfer. A Packaged Gas Absorption System. All components are installed on a fabricated
A Statistical Evaluation of Mixing Effectiveness in a Continuous Flow Stirred Tank. Agitation alters the major flow pattern and effectively reduces short circuiting of fluid elements to the outlet. Vertical wall baffles provide better top to bottom mixing but increase short circuiting.
R. T. Johnson and E. L. Piret, University of Minnesota M s . 67-306 Subscribers 82.00 18pages (gjigures) Nonsubscribers $4.00
steel base, requiring only connection of gas ducts, liquid flow lines, power, and pneumatic air lines for controls. No packing means lower pressure drop, nonplugging, and lighter weight with less foundation and support structure.
N . D. Phillips, Diamond Power Specialty Corporation and C. R. Kakarala, The Babcock B Wilcox Company Ms. 67-315 Subscribers $2.00 20pages (bfigures, 1 table) Nonsubscribers $4.00 VOL. 5 9
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R E S E A R C H RESULTS Pelletization and Coating of Rosin in a Fluidized Bed. Describes a novel pelletizing process requiring a shorter tower than for prilling or shotting, and yielding substantially spherical pellets with uniform, adherent coating. Work described involves pelletization of a modified rosin with attapulgus clay coating.
H. Nack and G. F. Sachsel, Battelie .Memorial Institute IMS. 67-316 Subscribers $3.00 29pages (7Jgures, 6 tables) Nonsubscribers 86.00 A perturbation procedure is presented for solving the Navier-Stokes equation. More than two terms of the series are needed to describe the flow accurately, but the method shows promise since the zero and the first perturbations agree qualitatively with observed flow behavior. The Steady laminar Flow Past a Circular Cylinder.
Marvin E. McDonald and John Newman, University of California M s . 67-32? Subscribers 52.00 17pages (4jiguresj Nonsubscribers $4.00
Computer simulation of a distillation column reactor shows that such a reactor does not surpass performance of either plug flow or continuous stirred tank reactor a t high feed mole ratios. Method calculation, theoretical analysis, and computer program are discussed. The Effect of Distillation an a Chemical Reaction.
Thomas E. Corrigan and John Henry Miller, Ohio State University Ms. 67-323 Subscribers $7.00 10 pages ( 1 figure, 7 table) Nonsubscribers $2.00 Operation of a Spray Column with a Dense Packing of Drops.
Shows how a dense maintained, and the with dense packing velocities, for which obtained.
packing of drops is readily obtained and useful operating range of a spray column of drops. Gives the range of superficial a constant holdup dense packing can be
Ephraim Kehat and Ruth Letan, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel Ms. 67-324 Subscrders $3.00 23 pages (8figures) .Vonsubscribers $6.00 Extensions of the Theorem of Corresponding States for the Calculation of the Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Pure Fluids and Mixtures. Recent advances are discussed,
with emphasis on Pitzer’s acentric factor approach. Equations formulated for thermodynamic and transport properties of pure substances, and combining rules for mixtures, are presented. Application of the equations in calculating vaporliquid equilibria is discussed.
Leonard I. Stiel, Syracuse University Ms. 67-326 34 pages (7figures)
Subscribers $4.00 Nonsubscribers $8.00
Transformation of Multicomponent Feed Stocks for Manufacture of Synthesis Gases. A mathematical simulation and a
computer program have been developed for a 13-component gas mixture, indicating a general approach for their transformation into a stream of desired composition to get a synthesis stream for manufacture of different petrochemicals.
M . P. Gupta, H. K . Ferguson Company iMs. 67-328 20 pages (4figures, 1 table)
Subscribers 82.00 ,Vonsubscribers $4.00
Excess Pressure Drop in Laminar Flow through Sudden Con1. Newtonian liquids. Experimental data traction.
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The Chemistry of Catalytic Cracking with Molecular Sieve Catalysts. Describes reaction paths which rationalize differences between composition of gasolines from two catalyst types. Shows that initial cracking takes place outside supercavity of the molecular sieve. Gasoline and gas molecules then enter the supercavity where secondary hydrogen transfer reactions occur.
C. L. Thomas and D. S. Barmby, Sun Oil Company
Ms. 67-330 14pages ( 2 tables)
Subscribers 82.00 Nonsubscribers $4.00
Development of a Continuous Countercurrent Fluid-Solids Contactor: Improvement of Contacting Efficiency. Mass
transfer coefficient characterizing performance of the equipment can be increased by 11 to 100% when weirs are placed in the contractor column or the column is constricted. Dry ion exchange resins are potentially useful for SO2 removal.
H. L. Shulman, G. R. Youngquist, J . L. Marsh, V. K . Mehta, Clarkson College of Technology MS. 67-331 Subscribers $2.00 75 pages ( 9 jgures) Nonsubscribers $4.00 Adsorption of Organic Species by High Surface Area StyreneDVB Copolymers. Degrees of binding of various water soluble
organic substances by three high surface area, macroreticular, styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers were measured under several concentration and temperature conditions. Factors governing adsorption efficiency are discussed, and results obtained on columnar absorption described.
Richard L. Gustafson, Robert L. Albright, Joel Heisler, Joseph A. Lirio, and Octavius T. Reid, Jr., Rohm and Haas Company Ms. 67-333 Subscribers $5.00 47 pages ( 7 S j g u r e s , 5 tables) Nonsubscribers $70.00 Fluidized-Bed Combustion of Graphite-Base Nuclear Reactor Fuels. First step in a proposed head-end method for re-
processing graphite-base nuclear reactor fuels is combustion of the fuel in a fluidized bed of alumina. An empirical equation for combustion rate was derived and experimentally confirmed.
Hartmut 0 . Witte, Oak Ridge National Laboratory MS.67-334 Subscribers $2.00 78pages (4figures) Nonsubscribers 84.00 Synthesis, Thermal Stability, Flammability, and Viscosity of Some Partially Fluorinated and Perfluorinated Aromatic and Polyaromatic Ethers. Without exception, polyfluorination and
perfluorination lower thermal stability, the degree depending on position and number of fluorine substituents. Viscosity is degraded, and lack of improvement of other properties suggests this class of compounds will not be useful functional fluids.
G. A . Richardson and E. S. Blake, Monsanto Research Corporation M s . 67-335 Subscribers $2.00 74pages ( 2 tables) .Vonsubscribers 54.00 Studies on Wetting Characteristics in Perforated-Plate PegasolExtraction Towers. Effect of Phase Dispersed: Mass transfer coefficients inButyric Acid-Water System.
crease rapidly with increase in dispersed phase flow rate. There is a critical extraction factor below which solvent dispersion and above which water dispersion results in lower height of transfer units or higher mass transfer coefficients.
R . Krishna Murty and C. Venkata Rao, Andhra Lkinersity, Waltair, India Ms. 67-337 Subscribers $2.00 13pages (Ijigures, 2 tables) iVonsubscribers $4.00 A Unified Treatment of Mass, Momentum, and Heat Transfer. Part 1. Derivation of the General Equations of Change. Pre-
show that excess pressure drop over the entire range of Reynolds numbers is much larger than predicted by published analyses.
sents an over-all scheme by which the three main transfer processes and the methods used for their analysis can be studied in a combined fashion with a minimum of repetition.
Gianni Astarita and Gutdo Greco, Universily of Naples Ms. 67-329 Subscribers $3.00 23pages (djgures, 3 tables) h70nsubscribers $6.00
D . C. T . Pei and G. D. Fuuord, Lrniversity of Waterloo, Canada Ms. 67-338 Subscribers $5.00 41 pages (Zjgures, 2 tables) Nonsubscribers $70.00
INDUSTRIAL A N D ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
A l o w Temperature Beckmann Rearrangement with SOs. Separation of Caprimidyl Sulfate as a New Composition. Discusses useful complexing agents and describes effect of reaction conditions on caprolactam yield. Presents procedures for separation and purification of caprimidyl sulfate intermediate and some results on use of complexed SOs with other ketoximes and aldoximes. A. F. Turbak, ESSOResearch and Engineering Company MS. 67-340 Subscribers $7.00 10pages (4 tables) Nonsubsmibers 82.00 Contrlbution of the Continuous and Dispersed Phases to the Suspension of Spheres by a Bounded Gas-Solids Stream.
Coefficient of axial drag force for dispersed solids can be predicted from Newtonian collision theory. An indirect measurement of mean dispersed solids velocity can be obtained from sphere suspension studies. Distributions of solids velocities and turbulence are presented.
I. D . Doig, The University of New South Wales, Australia MS. 67-347 Subscribers $6.00 55pages (76jigures, 4 tables)
Nonsubscribers $12.00
Stability of Butadiene Polyperoxide.
Effects of temperature, solvent, and additives were investigated. Physical characteristics such as critical radius for thermal explosion and impact sensitivity were evaluated. An iodometric method for quantitative determination of butadiene polyperoxide is reported.
Dale G. Hendry, Frank R. Mayo, David A . Jones, and Dennis Schuet.de, Stanford Research Institute MS. 67-347 Subscribers 82.00 19pages ( 6 tables) Nonsubscribers $4.00 The Effect of Wall Friction in Compression-Permeability Testing. Describes experiments undertaken to measure wall friction in a compression-permeability cell and to determine its affect on the point specific resistance of the filter cake. I t was concluded that wall friction must be taken into account when interpreting the test cell data.
Circle No. 22 on Readers’ Service Card
Frank L. Rawling, Jr., and D . R. Boylan, Iowa State University Ms. 67-350 Subscribers $3.00 Nonsubscribers 86.00 24pages (6figures, 5 tables) Pressure Relationships in Filtration. A critical analysis of the point-contact and area-contact approaches in compressionpermeability testing of filter cakes. I t is shown that the equation developed by Willis most closely represents the pressure relationships in filtration.
Frank L. Rawling, Jr., and D . R . Boylan, Iowa State University Ms. 67-357 Su bswibers 8 1.OO 9 pages ( 7 figure) Nonsubscribers $2.00 Hyperflltration Studies. Reduction of Concentration Polarizatlon of Dynamically Formed Hyperflltration Membranes by Detached Turbulence Promoters. Detached spiral turbulence
promoters caused a marked increase in salt rejection, with greatest effect at lowest Reynolds numbers. Transmission rate through the membrane increased 10 to 50% in the turbulence promoter region compared with rate without promoters.
Donald G. Thomas and J. S. Watson, Oak Ridge National Laboratory M S . 67-352 Subscribers $2.00 18puges (4jigures, 7 table) Nonsubswibe?s $4.00 Enhancement of Mass Transfer Rate in an Ultrasonic Pulse Column. Correlations were developed to predict increase in
mass transfer rate in a continuous liquid-liquid extraction column subjected to ultrasonic pulsations. Correlations reported for water-acetic acid-methyl isobutyl ketone are applicable to a system with similar physical properties.
E. C. Chen and W. Y . Chon, McGilI University, Montreul, Canada MS. 67-361 Subscribers $2.00 16 pages (djigures, 3 tables)
Nonsubscribers $4.00
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