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V O L U M E 41 N U M B E R 48
NEWS The Chemical
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1155 Sixteenth St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 Editor: Gordon H. Bixler Managing Editor: Kenneth M. Reese Art Director: Joseph Jacobs Senior Associate Editor: David M. Kiefer Supervisory Associate Editors: James H. Krieger, Chester Placek, Brendan F. Somerville Associate Editors: William II. Gay, Margaret S. McDonald, Howard J. Sanders Assistant Editors: Kathryn Campbell, James L. Hall, Melvin J. Josephs. Joyce A. Richards, Mary Thompson Editorial Assistant: Peter E. Finlay Editorial Reference: Barbara A. Gallagher Art and Production Staff -Washington: Melvin D. Buckner (Art), Collis Campbell, Clarence L. Rakow
FEATURE
84 World fertilizer needs, use, and production: A twopart Cù-EN feature. In the first part, Dr. Russell Coleman predicts how much fertilizer will be needed by 1970 to bridge the world's nutritional gap and, by contrast, how much is apt to be used. In the second part, beginning on page 89, George C. Sweeney, Jr., examines the future production of the three major plant nutrients and the trends now under way affecting their future.
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Industry & Business Washington Research & Technology
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Two companies make plans to enter magnesium
production—Harvey Aluminum and Standard Magnesium. Kaiser is also giving consideration to producing the light metal. New production may change market picture.
INDUSTRY & BUSINESS
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23
Du Pont is test marketing a new long-life antifreeze.
To date, long-life products haven't won a significant portion of the 130 million gallon-a-year antifreeze market. Auto makers could change the picture.
24 NASA defends its university grant program against Senate critics. Predoctoral training grants provide motivation to trainees to do original work in space sciences and provide a pool of trained manpower, says NASA.
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25 Stock options are again under scrutiny. Chemical executives at the Manufacturing Chemists' Association meeting in New York City were told that they should support changes in stock option tax laics.
London, W . l , England, 77 South Audley St. Assistant Editor: Dermot Α. Ο Sullivan Advisory Board: Richard T. Arnold, Robert L. Burwell, Jr., James H. Gardner, Milton Harris, Joseph J. Jacobs, Hans B. Jonassen, Donald L. Katz, Ralph Landau, Franklin A. Long, B. C. McKusick, Hugo Riemer. Robert B. Semple, Ervvin G. Somogyi, Robert I. Stirton, Max Tishler Advertising Management: REINHOLD PUBLISHING CORP. (For list of offices, see page 109) The American Chemical Society assumes no responsibility for the statements and opinions advanced by the contributors to its publications. Views expressed in the editorials are those of the editors and do not necessarily represent the official posi tion of the American Chemical Society.
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DEC.
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1963
RESEARCH
38 The helix-to-random-coil transformation of polypeptides in solution takes less than a microsecond. Studies of the speed at ivhich the helical structure changes into a random coil may help explain biological reactions.
42
Additional evidence supports the crevice concept
for hemoglobins and other porphyrin compounds. The concept holds that the relatively flat metalloporphyrin is joined to the polypeptide by two ligands.
WHAT INERT GAS HAS...
THE COVER: Fertilizer will be critical in raising enough food for the world's increasing population. For an analysis of what will be needed and what will be produced, see page 84
Newsmagazine of the Chemical World
World This Week
DECEMBER
2,
1963
42 A new series of complex compounds can be made by reacting nickel(II) salts with dimethylpyridines (lutidines). The complexes of 3,4-L and 3,5-L have the general formula NiL^K^; Xis a univalent anion. EDUCATION
46
Fifty engineering schools employed 9 0 % of the
•
colorlessness
•
odorlessness
scientists and engineers working in research and development at such schools during 1961. Almost a half of these • worked at only 10 engineering schools, NSF study shows. • 48 Membrane microfiltration process, developed by Millipore Filter Corp., bids to replace pasteurization method in processing beer to inactivate yeast and other microorganisms, reduce spoilage of packaged products.
TECHNOLOGY
ACS NEWS
66
Chemical Absfracfs
low condensation temperature
•
high compressibility
•
remarkable inertness
•
unusual sonic properties
•
virtually unlimited life
publishes 3 millionth abstract.
•
68 Self-appraisal is the first responsibility of a profes• sional, according to Robert F. Moore. Second in a series of five articles summarized from the symposium on profes- • sional responsibilities of scientists.
DEPARTMENTS
detectability
•
Reached first million in 32 years, second million in 17 more, • third million only eight years later, showing the tremendous • upsurge in scientific research since World War II.
PEOPLE
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76 Manfred Eigen of Max Planck Institut receives Kirkwood Medal of ACS New Haven section and Yale. 74 58
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