ABBTKACTS
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BER. D. D. CHEM. OFBELL.
93
gen. Cyanogen also combincn directly with the metals Zn, Cd and Fe, a t 300°, if heated for some time in sealed tubes. W i t h Cu, Pb, Hg and Ag, the combination is difficult t o produce, probably because so high a temperature would be required as would aause a dissociation of the cyanogen gas. Cyanogen seems properly t o have a double character. and t o belong to both the formine and the ethylic series. On. Ep.lchlorh@r(ne, BERTHELOT (33, 6).-A review and ekplanatim of articles published elsewhere.
Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft. Abstractor, H.E N D E M A ~ N .
On a Serie8 of Aromatic Base8 Isomeric tmith Mustturd W cmd other &df~hocyfrnfden, A. \v. HOFMANN (13,8).-h the pre-
paration of Sell and Zierold's isocyanphenyl chloride by a modified method, using, instead of chlorine, phosphorus pentachloride, the author has obtained the above-mentioned compound, together with another substance, which on analysis proved to be nionochlorphenyl sulphocyanide. Chlorine, as also sulphur chloride, did not produce this substance, and with phosphorus pentachloride but 18 per cent. of the theoretical quantity could be obtained. Monochlorphenyl sulphocyanide is solid a t ordinary temperatures, but melts a t 24'. Vapor density, found, 82.4 ; calculated, 84.75. It forms crystallized salts with hydrochloric, sulphuric and nitric acids, and double salts with gold and platinum chlorides, which, however, are a t once decomposed by the addition of water. A mononitro compound is produced by the action of nitric acid on a solution of the substance in concentrated sulphuric acid. The chlorine atom is easily replaced by hydroxyl, by simple hoiling with alcohol, or by ethyl, by the action of sodium ethylate. By other well-known reactions, an amido compound, and an anilide, may likewise be produced. The monochlorphenyl sulphocyanide loses, by the substitution of chlorine for hydrogen, its properties as a mustard oil. It does not, for instance, form compounds ana!ogous to urea, nor does it lose its sulphur by the action of oxidizing agents, or give any other reaction which would prove its character as a simple derivative of mustard oil. Moreover, i t has entirely different properties from all other products of the same atomic composition, derivrd from either para-, meta- or ortho-chloraniline
The chlor-mustard-oil, under the influence o€ hydrogen in ,qtutii nciscwzdi, gives again a substance o f the composition of mustard oil, of basic properties. and otherwise differing from the mustard oil from which it has been derived. ExperiiiientA, made to determine t h e constitution of this substance, h s v e so far failed to shed any light vn this subject. SynthetCc P r e p a r a t i o n of F o r m i c A c i d , V. R ~ E R Zand J. TIBIR-
(13, 2S).-The authors have studied carefully the condition8 under which carbonic oxide and alkalies produce the greatest yield of formates. They came t o the following coiiclusions . Cwlmnic oxide is absorbed by caustic alkalies at about goo", formates being the result of the reaction. In order to produce t h e most perfect possible saturation of all the soda, it should be used in t h e shape of soda-lime, as porous as possible. Thc carbonic oxide should not be dried, but should be kept moist by passing it through water. T h e temperature should not exceed 220'. ilhove this temperature, carbonate and free hydrogen are formed. If, in the place of soda, potash is uaed, this reaction takes place already below 220'. Experiments t o produce benzoic acid from sodium phenylate and carbonic oxide, have failed.
ICA
A Nezo Base, EDGAR F.
SMITH(13, 33).-See
this JOURNAL, I,
285.
P r a l u c t x obtaimed bu the N i t r a t i o n of iMlztac?ilorealicylic d c i d , EDGAR F. SMITH and G. K. PIERCE (13, 34).-See thiA JOURNAL,
I . 288.
N o r m a l P r o p y l a l c o h d f r o m Glyceriize, AIS. FITZ(13, 36).Aa products of fermentation of glycerine, the author obtained propylalcohol, beside ethyl- and butylalcohol, as before published. O n the a a n d
p Position in NaphtBalene, F. REVERDIN and E.
NOELTING (13, 36).-'l'he
aiithors give in this short note, some additional reasons why the now generally accepted graphic formula for naphthalene, U
n
fi
as regards the a and p position in its various derivatives, should be retained.
ABSTRACTS
:
BER.
D. D. CHRM. QEBELL.
95
O n the Addon of S d p h u r i c A c i d upon Isomeric Nitrnmidoa n d D i u m i d o - B e n z d e s , JVL. P O S T and E.HARDTUNG (13, 38). O n the Detection of Alizarine, Isopurpurine a n d Flavopurp u r i n e i n Mixtuvea, a n d the Quantitative Determination of Aliza r i n e , E . SCHUNCK and H. ROEBIER (13, 41).-Will be noticed eIRe-
where. Some new A%o-compounds,J. H. STEBBINS (13, 43).-See
this
JOURNAL,I, 465. Lecture Experiment, H. SCHULTZE (13, 44).-The author describes an apparatus destined to show the condensation of gases, t o an audience. The Sunthesis of C u m d e . by AD. LIEBMANN (13, 45).--In order to prove the identity of isopropylbenzole with cumole, the author prepared it by the action of benzole chloride on zincmethyl. T h e identity of the isopropylbenzole thus obtained, was evideut from the specific gravity, the boiling point, and the properties of the barium salt of the acid prepared therefrom, all of which coincide with the properties of cumole and its sulpho-derivative. T?w TILird Anthracene Monocarhonic A c i d , b y c. LIEBERY A N N and A. BISCHUF (13, l7).-While but one benzole mmocarbonic acid and two naphthalene carbonic acids are known, there should exist three anthracene monocarbonic acids, if the generally accepted graphic formula of anthracene be correct, according to the position of the carbohydroxyl group substituted for either one of the hydrogen atoms standing over the figures 1, 2 and 3.
H
I
1
H
I
H
H
2
3
H
I
H
Two of these acids have been already described. The authors have now obtained the third acid, possible according to the theory, by first reducing a commercial anthraquinonemonosulphonic acid, prepared by Meister, Lucius and Bruening, with the aid of hydrogen iodide, t o anthracene rnonosulphonic acid, and converting this by distillation with dry prussiate of potash, into the nitrile, and the latter by the action of alcoholic potash solution into the anthracene monocarbonate. Further examination proved, that a mixture of two acids existed, one
96
ABSTRACTS
:
HER. I). I). C f I B X I . GESELL.
of which gave an almost insoluble barinni salt, and was found in this substance i n quantity six times greater than that of the other, which gave a soluLle barium compound. 'I'his acid has already been merrtioneil by Rath, Init while he had obtained it rather as a by-product, it lorrrictl in tliis case the bulk of the material obtained. The analyses of the :icitl, ;ind ( J f the ethyl ether prvpared thc~efrom,characterize it as ant,lbr:wene nioiioc*arbonic avid. Oxillation I J ~ O ( ~ U U O:in S aiitliraquinorie carhonic acid, as in the case of the :wid of Ratli ; it thus diRers niaterially from the anthracene monocarbonic acid prepared by Graebe and Liebermann by-the action of carlmn cJsychlo'ritle upon anthracerie, which affords hy oxidation, anthracene and free cnrlwrric: aci(l. O I Lthe CompositiorL of MringnrLese Peroxide produced Bjy the IVeldorL Process, JUL. P o w (13, 51~).--'l'he author gives a series of analyses of the product obtained by the Weldon process.
Contrihtioms to the Knowledge of the Oxidation of Mu?Lw i t h respect t o the Metibod f o r the Regenerat i o n of Mnugauese Dloxtde,
